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Biomedical subjects

V Marks

Publications and source records attributed to V Marks.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Prophylaxis of Rh-sensitisation by intravenous IgG anti-D (author's transl)].

During 1971 and 1972 1109 rh-negative mothers with an Rh-positive child were treated with an intravenous standard dose of 80-120 microng of IgG anti-D. To achieve complete elimination of fetal erythrocytes within 72 hours after the first immunoglobulin injection this standard dose had to be increased in 14% of the women. In 1973 and 1974 1138 rh-negative mothers of Rh-positive children were treated with an intravenous standard dose of 240 microng of IgG anti-D. This dose was insufficient in only 1.2% of the rh-negative mothers. More than 98.8% of all women are protected by a standard intravenous dose of 240 microng of IgG anti-D and a single erythrocyte elimination control 72 hours after the birth. It appears that the results after intravenous immunoglobulin are as a whole significantly better than after intramuscular IgG anti-D.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1977

Alcohol-induced pseudo-Cushing's syndrome.

In 4 patients corticosteroid hypersecretion associated with excessive intake of alcohol led initially to an erroneous diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome. If diagnostic errors are to be avoided, a history of alcohol intake should always be sought in a patient in whom the diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome is entertained. The abnormalities of pseudo-Cushing's syndrome revert to normal on ethanol withdrawal.

Adrenal Cortex Function Tests↗
PubMed1977

Radioimmunoassay of bleomycin in plasma and urine.

Antibodies to bleomycin were raised by immunization of sheep and rabbits with bleomycin-albumin conjugates. The combination of a high-titre, high-avidity sheep antiserum and iodinated bleomycin produced a radioimmunoassay sensitive to 8 ng of bleomycin per ml of plasma or urine. Untreated specimens (100 microliter) of plasma or urine could be added directly to the assay tubes. The antiseerum was specific for bleomycin and showed no cross-reaction with other anticancer agents used in combination chemotherapy. Over a concentration range of 20-100 ng/ml, recovery of bleomycin from plasma was 110% and from urine, 93%. Repeated assay of plasma samples showed a decrease in bleomycin levels unless the samples were kept at 4 degrees C or below. Assay of bleomycin levels in plasma and urine from patients under treatment with bleomycin showed similarities with results reported using a microbiological assay. The radioimmunoassay offers a more reliable, rapid and sensitive method for the measurement of bleomycin.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Development and application of a radioimmunoassay for methotrexate.

An antiserum to methotrexate has been produced in a sheep against a conjugate of ovalbumin and methotrexate (MTX) prepared using a water-soluble carbodiimide. The antibodies produced were specific for substances containing the 2,4-diamino pteridine structure. Naturally occurring folates did not interfere with the assay. A radioimmunoassay has been developed using this antiserum, which can be used to measure MTX concentrations of less than 1 ng/ml in biological samples without prior extraction. The concentrations of MTX in the blood and urine of patients following a single i.v. bolus injection and following oral administration of the drug have been measured. The published radioimmunoassays for MTX have been compared.

Immune Sera↗
PubMed1977

Neuropathy in a patient with McArdle's syndrome and diabetes mellitus.

A juvenile-type diabetic patient of five years standing presented with a mononeuritis and gave a history of painful muscle swelling induced by exertion. Failure of the blood lactate to rise during ischaemic exercise and a normal blood glucose rise following intravenous glucagon confirmed the clinical diagnosis of muscle glycogenosis. The association of diabetes and McArdle's Syndrome has not previously been documented. An ulnar nerve palsy, which persisted for many months, followed the ischaemic exercise test possibly due to compression by muscular swelling, but may have been exacerbated by the co-existing diabetes.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Weight gain, thermic effect of glucose and resting metabolic rate during recovery from anorexia nervosa.

Rate of weight gain, together with metabolic rate before and after a glucose meal, were studied in a group of 15 female anorexia nervosa patients as their weight was being restored to normal levels. The previously obese anoretic patients gained weight more rapidly, on the same food intake, than those who were of normal weight before their illness began. The increase in metabolic rate (as treatment progressed) was less in the previously obese patients, who also showed a tendency for the metabolic rate to increase less after a glucose meal than the patients with no history of obesity. The thermic effect of glucose was greater in patients with anorexia nervosa than in a comparable control group of six female students.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Radioimmunoassay of vinblastine and vincristine.

1 The cytotoxic agent, vinblastine, was conjugated to albumin, using the Mannich reaction. Rabbits immunized with two conjugates, containing differing amounts of hapten, produce antibodies which bound [3H]-vinblastine. 2 Antisera from one rabbit cross-reacted with both vinblastine and vincristine and were used to develop radioimmunoassays for measuring their concentration in plasma. 3 The antisera showed no cross-reactivity with other alkaloids or cytotoxic drugs and provided assays sensitive to a concentration of 2.1 ng vinblastine or 3.8 ng vincristine/ml of plasma added direct to the assay tubes. 4 This is sufficiently sensitive to permit the measurement of plasma vinblastine levels for up to 24 h after the intravenous administration of 15 mg of the drug.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Diagnostic value of urine mercury measurements.

A review of referrals to a regional heavy metals centre for possible mercury poisoning was made. Samples were received either from subjects who were well but were known to have some contact with mercury or from patients with an illness under investigation but undiagnosed. The problems associated with diagnosis of mercury toxicity in the absence of known exposure are illustrated by two case reports.

Alkylmercury Compounds↗
PubMed1977

Fibrosarcomas induced by cobalt chloride (CoCl2) in rats.

Hyperlipaemia persisted for more than 12 months in rats treated with cobalt chloride, 9 of 20 treated rats and 1 control rat died within the first year, and 8 of the surviving animals developed fibrosarcomas--in 4 of these the tumour was far removed from the injection sites. The results are discussed with reference to the use of cobalt chloride treatment for anaemia in patients with chronic renal failure.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

A fatal motor-car accident and cannabis use. Investigation by radioimmunoassay.

Impairment of driving skills by drugs is an important cause of traffic accidents. Alcohol is the most important, though far from the only, drug involved; and of 684 fatal accidents investigated by Woodhouse, 321 (47%) of the drivers had blood-alcohol levels greater than 100 mg/100 ml at the time of death. In 16 it exceeded 400 mg/100 ml. Unlike alcohol, cannabis has received little attention as a possible cause of traffic accidents, largely owing to the difficulty of proving cannabis use objectively. The recent development of a reliable and relatively simple method for detecting and measuring cannabis products in blood and urine may help to overcome this difficulty. As Milner has pointed out, the full effect of alcohol on driving competence was not appreciated until objective methods of measuring blood-alcohol levels became generally available. The same may be true of cannabis.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1976

The metabolic and hormonal response to glucagon. Part 1. Normal subjects.

Significant increases in mean plasma noradrenaline levels were observed 30-60 min and 150-180 min after a subcutaneous injection of 1 mg glucagon. The first peak coincided with the maximum blood glucose and plasma insulin levels and the second peak occurred after plasma growth hormone (GH) and cortisol levels had begun to rise. The first plasma noradrenaline peak may be important in inhibiting further insulin secretion. There was no evidence that glucagon stimulates adrenaline secretion in normal human subjects. It was also confirmed that there are significant increases in the levels of glucose, insulin, GH and cortisol and a significant decrease in FFA levels following subcutaneous injection of glucagon in normal human subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The metabolic and hormonal response to glucagon. Part 2. In patients with migraine.

The hormonal and metabolic changes following the subcutaneous injection of 1 mg glucagon have been studied in a group of 6 migraine patients, and the results indicate that the responses of these subjects differ from those of a control group. Three of the migraine subjects had raised basal plasma noradrenaline levels but all had been taking clonidine up to 12-24 hr before the test and the increased plasma noradrenaline levels were probably due to the effect of withdrawal of the drug.

Adult↗