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Biomedical subjects

V Marchetti

Publications and source records attributed to V Marchetti.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Safety and effects on the lipid and C-reactive protein plasma concentration of the association of ezetimibe plus atorvastatin in renal transplant patients treated by cyclosporine-A: a pilot study.

Ezetimibe (E) is a new cholesterol adsorption inhibitor which prevents the adsorption of dietary and biliary cholesterol by binding to a recently described cholesterol transporter. This pilot study was performed to evaluate the safety and the low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-C and C-reactive protein lowering efficacy of atorvastatin (A) and of the association of A plus E in five renal transplant patients with hypercholesterolemia and mild renal functional impairment receiving cyclosporine-A (CsA). Patients received for three periods, each of 3 weeks, A at a dose of 20 mg/day; A at a dose of 10 mg/day and finally, A 10 mg plus E 10 mg daily. The medications were well-tolerated and no important clinical or laboratory (muscle enzyme, creatinine clearance and CsA concentration) abnormalities were observed throughout the study period. A alone lead to target LDL-C values only in two of five patients and did not significantly reduce the mean CRP values. The combination of E plus A produced the lowest lipid levels and significantly reduced CRP mean values and allowed all patients to attain target levels of LDL-C: total cholesterol decreased from 240 +/- 42 (mean +/- S.D.) to 171 +/- 34 mg/dl, LDL-C from 129 +/- 32 to 87 +/- 21 mg/dl, plasma triglycerides from 330 +/- 54 to 194 +/- 71 mg/dl and CRP from 6.2 +/- 1.9 to 3.9 +/- 2.4 mg/l (P < 0.05 for all). This pilot study suggests that the co-administration of E and A at 10 mg/day in renal transplant patients receiving CsA is well-tolerated and effective in reducing important cardiovascular risk factors.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Evaluation of fungicidal efficacy of benzalkonium chloride (Steramina G u.v.) and Virkon-S against Microsporum canis for environmental disinfection.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the antifungal efficacy of Steramina G u.v. (10% solution of alkyldimetylbenzylammonium chloride; Formenti Grünenthal) and Virkon-S (multipurpose system; Antec International) against Microsporum canis-infected hairs and spores. Samples were collected from a random sample of household cats and from subjects from catteries. Seventy M. canis-positive hairbrushes containing furs, keratin scales and other organic material were treated with each of the two disinfectants, using concentrations recommended by the manufacturer's instructions (2% and 1% for Steramina G u.v. and Virkon-S, respectively). Each brush remained in contact with the antifungal solution for 10 min. After this period, the brushes were air-dried, then seeded into mycobiotic agar, and incubated for up to 21 days at 28 degrees C. The disinfectants were considered effective if dermatophytes failed to grow. Steramina G u.v. was effective in 97.14% of samples and Virkon-S in 87.14%. The antifungal activity of Steramina G u.v. against M. canis was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of Virkon-S.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

BRCA1 germline mutational spectrum in Italian families from Tuscany: a high frequency of novel mutations.

BRCA1 germline mutations confer susceptibility to familial breast and ovarian cancer. Mutational hot spots have never been detected in BRCA1 cDNA. Some mutations have been reported several times whereas some others appear to be population-related. In this study a group of 36 Italian families were analysed for BRCA1 germline mutations. All of them were screened by allele-specific oligonucleotide hybridization (ASO) for three recurrent mutations (185delAG, 5382insC, nt332-T>G). Twenty families, selected because of their high risk of carrying BRCA1 mutations, were subjected to analysis of the entire coding sequence of the gene. A total of eight mutations were found. ASO screening demonstrated only one known mutation in one patient, whereas cycle sequencing revealed five new mutations. Three of these new mutations were frameshifts: one occurred in exon 11 (1499insA), one in exon 16 (4873delCA) and one in the splice site of exon 3 (252delAAgt). Two were missense mutations (Cys64Arg; Asn158Tyr). The same frameshift mutation, 1499insA, was detected in three unrelated families. Haplotype analysis supported the hypothesis that two of these families may have had common ancestors, whereas in the third family the analysis was uninformative. BRCA1 germline mutations were found in one out of two families with ovarian cancer, in five out of eight families with breast-ovarian cancer, and in two out of 11 families with breast cancer. All three families with 1499insA mutations included at least one case of ovarian cancer. The majority of the ovarian cancers (4/5) associated with detectable BRCA1 germline mutations were of serous histotype.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Low-dose calcium-heparin prophylaxis in thoracic surgery. Bleeding, changes in coagulation and fibrinolysis].

In a controlled, randomized study of patients undergoing thoracic surgery, calcium heparin prophylaxis is confirmed to prevent activation of the coagulation and fibrinolysis system, by determining plasmatic kallikrein, antitrombin III, and plasmin. In a further study calcium heparin, 5000 I.U. s.c. every 8 hr, is statistically proved not to increase post-operatory bleeding.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Medical therapy of peptic ulcer: problems and prospects].

In the last few years, several drugs have been proposed for the healing of peptic ulcers H2 receptor antagonists are probably the reference-drugs for their efficacy and safety. Acute treatment of peptic ulcer with cimetidine, ranitidine or famotidine gives a high healing rate: from 60% to 90%, depending on the location of the ulcer and the drug used. However, relapse after short-term treatment still remains frequent, and prophylaxis of recurrence must be decided. Long-term treatment with antisecretory drugs could be dangerous for changes of the gastric system, with nitrites and nitro-compounds occurrence, and for the risk of frequent relapses. Therefore, the role of mucus-barrier drugs and surgery must be reconsidered.

Chemical Phenomena↗