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Biomedical subjects

V M Rusalov

Publications and source records attributed to V M Rusalov.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Human behavioral flexibility: a psychogenetic study.

Forty-seven two-children families from Moscow were used in a study to assess genetic determination of behavior flexibility, which was measured by eight laboratory tests. Flexibility is regarded as a temperament trait. There was no age- or sex-specific differentiation of human behavioral flexibility. Genetic determination of indices was used as a criterion for construct validization of flexibility tests. Factor analysis produced two principal components of flexibility: "operational flexibility" and "afferent flexibility." The study showed that a considerable part of the phenotypic variability of the flexibility indices included in different factors is under approximately equal genetic control. The flexibility factors differ in their genetic determination. In the inheritance of the first factor the leading role belongs to the additive component, whereas the dominance effects are more prominent in the second factor of flexibility.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Human temperament and choice preference between probability of the goal achievement and the goal value].

The purpose of this work was to experimentally ascertain the relationships between human formal-dynamic properties (temperament) and characteristics of his/her motivation sphere associated with the choice of a profession. Thirty eight students of a sports institute (aged 19-28) took part in the study. The formal-dynamic properties were assessed with the help of Rusalov's Questionnaire. The motivation of the choice of profession was assessed with the help of the specially developed test questionnaire. Two main components of choice motivation were identified: the value of the profession and probability of mastering this profession. It was found that persons of sanguine temperament (with a higher capacity for work, mobile and quick) are oriented primarily to the value of profession, while persons of melancholic temperament to the probability of mastering this profession.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Electrophysiological study of the choice motivation in man].

In 70 Ss EEG coherence, amplitude and frequency characteristics as well as formal-dynamic (temperamental) properties were compared with the two dimensions of motivation involved in the choice of profession--its subjective "value" and the probability of its achievement ("accessability"). It was shown that the persons orienting themselves to the subjective value of the future profession tend to possess those features of temperament that testify to the stronger, more mobile and more labile nervous system as distinct from the subjects orienting themselves to the higher level of accessability. It was also shown that the persons with a higher level of the subjective value had a much higher level of EEG cortical activation in both hemispheres of the brain. The subjects with higher magnitudes of "accessability" were characterized by a lower level of brain activation.

Brain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A psychophysiological approach toward the problem of consciousness].

Psychophysiological analysis of the relationship between the level of consciousness and the brain activation permitted an identification of three levels of consciousness at the transition from wakefulness to sleep. A change in the intensity and quality of involuntarily mental processes served as an index of the level of consciousness according to subjects' self-reports. It was found that a certain EEG profile corresponds to each level of consciousness under study. Data obtained showed that the lowest level of activation corresponds to a state in which a subject notes an inhibition of "internal speech", "failure of thoughts". At this case the dynamics of the EEG high frequency rhythm changes which is possibly related to the mechanism of transmission of cognitive information.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The bioelectrical activity of the human brain in representatives of different temperamental types].

The goal of the paper was to reveal integral characteristics of temperament related to the peculiarities of interhemispheric interaction. With this aim in view, the types of temperament were studied in persons with different professional orientation. The temperament type with a "strong" nervous system and a higher capacity for work was shown to be characterized by a higher level of synchronization of biopotentials in the frontal regions of the brain, and that between the distant brain areas (frontal and occipital ones) as well as by more intensive activation of the right hemisphere in the process of mental work. This type of temperament was more often found among the persons whose profession was connected with artistic creative activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Temperament as a prerequisite of creative capabilities].

Temperamental and creative characteristics were compared in three groups of subjects who manifested a bent for creative activity. The groups differed in their age: 14-year-old schoolchildren of architectural class (n = 20), 18 to 20-year-old students of architectural institute (n = 94), and 25 to 45-year-old professional architects (n = 25). The temperamental properties were measured using the STQ method. The creative characteristics were evaluated by E. P. Torrance's non-verbal tests of creative thinking. In the structure of creative abilities, only two creative characteristics, i.e., fluency and flexibility, correlated at the statistically significant level with temperamental properties in all the age-specific groups under study. The closest correlations were found with plasticity and emotionality of temperament both in object-related and subject-related spheres.

Adolescent↗