Observations on Bhutanese dentition.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
V Kaul
Publications and source records attributed to V Kaul.
Crown dimensions of deciduous and permanent teeth of Jats from Haryana (India).
Tooth crown dimensions of deciduous and permanent dentition have been measured in 356 male and 292 female Jats from Haryana, an important agriculturally-based community in North India. While the second molar is the biggest tooth of the deciduous dentition, the first molar showed greater mesiodistal and buccolingual diameters in the permanent dentition. Sex differences in the two dentitions were significant, the differences being more marked in the permanent teeth.
Demography↗
Video assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in the diagnosis of intrathoracic pathology: initial experience.
We report our experience with the use of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery [VATS] in the diagnosis of intrathoracic disease of unknown origin. In the last two years, 32 patients (18 males) underwent this procedure for diagnostic purposes. Of them, 18 patients had lung pathology, eight mediastinal and six pleural disease. All attempts at achieving a tissue diagnosis were unrewarding. In all of them, diagnostic thoracotomy was being contemplated to procure tissue for histopathological diagnosis. Diagnostic thoracoscopy was successful in providing tissue diagnosis in all the patients with lung disease; seven of the eight patients with mediastinal pathology and five of the six patients with pleural lesions. Diagnostic thoracoscopy was associated with minimal morbidity, short hospital stay, better cosmetic result and quicker return to work as compared to conventional thoracotomy. We conclude that video-assisted thoracoscopy is an excellent diagnostic tool to confirm tissue diagnosis in patients with undiagnosed chest diseases.
Adolescent↗
Lipoprotein(a) in coronary heart disease: a case-control study.
To determine the significance of lipoprotein(a) levels in coronary heart disease patients, a case-control study was performed with 48 newly diagnosed coronary heart disease patients and 23 controls who were evaluated using clinical history and biochemical examination. Lipoprotein(a) was measured by quantitative latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetric method. Geometric means of biochemical parameters were obtained. Comprehensive lipid tetrad index was calculated using a previously validated formula. There was no significant difference in prevalence of diabetes, hypertension and smoking in cases and controls. Dietary intake of calories, fats, fatty acids and antioxidant vitamins was also similar. The levels of fasting glucose, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides were not significantly different in cases and controls (p > 0.05). Low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein ratio (4.33 +/- 1.5 vs 4.29 +/- 1.8) and total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein ratio (6.59 + 1.7 vs 6.69 +/- 2.2) were similar. The mean lipoprotein(a) levels were significantly greater in cases (11.95 +/- 2.8 mg/dL, range 1-102 mg/dL) as compared to controls (6.68 +/- 3.4 mg/dL, range 1-73 mg/dL) (t = 2.08, p = 0.041). As compared to controls, in coronary heart disease cases, mean lipoprotein(a) levels in patients upto 50 years (10.27 +/- 2.8 vs 7.27 +/- 3.4 mg/dL) as well as those over 50 years (12.99 +/- 2.9 vs 4.91 +/- 3.5 mg/dL) were significantly more (p < 0.05). Coronary heart disease patients had a slightly greater prevalence of high lipoprotein(a) levels, 20 mg/dL or more (31.3 vs 13.0%; chi 2 = 2.83, l-tailed p < 0.05). Comprehensive lipid tetrad index (total cholesterol x triglycerides x lipoprotein(a) divided by high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) was also slightly higher in cases (14688.2 +/- 3.6) than in controls (8358.2 +/- 4.3) (t = 1.68, 1-tailed p < 0.05). This study shows that lipoprotein(a) levels are significantly more in both younger and older coronary heart disease patients as compared to controls.
Adult↗
Lipid abnormalities in coronary heart disease: a population-based case-control study.
BACKGROUND: We performed a case-control study to estimate lipid-cholesterol fractions in patients with coronary heart disease and compared them with population-based controls. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 635 newly diagnosed patients with coronary heart disease (518 males and 117 females) and 632 subjects (346 males and 286 females) obtained from an ongoing urban coronary heart disease risk factor epidemiological study were evaluated. Age-specific lipid values (total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and total:high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio) were compared using the t-test. Age-adjusted prevalence of dyslipidemia as defined by the US National Cholesterol Education Program was compared using the Chi-square test. In all the age groups, and in both males and females, levels of total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were not significantly different. In males, the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl) was significantly lower in patients with coronary heart disease as compared to controls in the age groups 30-39 years (35.1+/-11 v. 43.7+/-9), 40-49 years (39.0+/-10 v. 47.1+/-8), 50-59 years (38.9+/-11 v. 43.8+/-9) and 60-69 years (38.6+/-11, v. 42.8+/-7) (p<0.05). In females, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was less in the age groups 30-39 years (30.2+/-9 v. 40.7+/-9), 50-59 years (39.7+/-12 v. 44.7+/-8) and 60-69 years (35.6+/-11 v. 42.2+/-9). The level of triglycerides was significantly higher in male patients in the age groups 40-49 years (195.3+/-96 v. 152.8+/-78), 50-59 years (176.7+/-76 v. 162.9+/-97), 60-69 years (175.5+/-93 v. 148.1+/-65) and >70 years (159.8+/-62 v. 100.0+/-22); and in female patients in the age group 30-39 years (170.8+/-20 v. 149.9+/-9) (p<0.05). The total:high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio was significantly higher in all age groups in male as well as female patients with coronary heart disease (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: An age-adjusted case-control comparison showed that the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, high total cholesterol (> or =200 mg/dl) (males 48.8% v. 20.2%; females 59.8% v. 33.4%) and high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (> or =130 mg/dl) (males 42.1% v. 15.0%; females 52.1% v. 31.0%) was significantly more in cases than in controls. The prevalence of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (<35 mg/dl) (males 39.6% v. 6.2%; females 39.3% iv 9.5%), high total:high-density lipoprotein ratio (> or = 5.0) and high triglycerides (> or =200 mg/ dl: males 39.6%, v. 10.2%; females 17.1% v. 11.9%) was also significantly higher in cases (p<0.05).
Adult↗