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Biomedical subjects

V Kannan

Publications and source records attributed to V Kannan.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Neck metastasis from an occult primary--the Kidwai experience.

This study highlights our treatment policy in 26 cases of epidermoid metastatic carcinoma in the neck from a primary deemed occult after exhaustive examination of the Upper Aero-digestive Tract (UADT). Planned Radical Neck Dissection (RND) and post-operative radiotherapy (RT) has been the favoured approach in all neck nodes deemed resectable and a loco-regional control rate of 64% was obtaining using this combined modality approach. Pre-operative RT was utilised in three cases with nodal disease of borderline resectability and loco-regional control was achieved in one case. Three cases of massive neck metastasis initially deemed unrectable became amenable to surgical salvage after Radical RT with concurrently administered chemotherapy. Only one of these remained disease free. Overall loco-regional control rate of 55 per cent could be achieved in 20 evaluable patients followed up for two years--three years (mean 30.5 months). Regional failures were noted in 25 per cent of patients while distant spread occurred in 15 per cent, thus accounting for an overall failure rate of 40 per cent. Manifest primaries were documented in 20 per cent, half of which could be salvaged and successfully controlled.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Cytodiagnosis of colonic adenoma: morphology and clinical importance.

This is a retrospective review of 74 colonic brushings with a view to identify colonic adenomas and recognize the cytologic features of villous adenoma (VA) and tubular adenoma (TA). Smears were reviewed for overall field pattern as well as individual cellular changes. The results were tabulated and analyzed for differences and similarities. The most distinguishing feature of adenoma was the presence of isolated and clustered elongate "needle" and "fan" cells as first described by Thabet. These were more abundant and in papillary cluster formations in VA as opposed to clusters of more blunted configuration in TA. Another striking feature of VA was an abundance of elongated benign naked needle nuclei in the background. Smears from some cases of TA revealed isolated and clustered needle cells in low numbers but almost no naked nuclei. Tubulovillous adenoma (TVA) showed features of VA on brush cytology. A hemorrhagic diathesis was distinctly more prominent in VA than in TA. However, focally some red cells were noted in smears from TA. The patterns of TA and VA were otherwise essentially similar with regard to cellularity, individual cell sizes, N/C ratios, and nuclear appearance.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

Transbronchial needle aspiration biopsy in the diagnosis of pulmonary neoplasms.

To evaluate the usefulness of transbronchial needle aspiration biopsy (TBNAB) in the primary diagnosis of lung cancer, we undertook a prospective study of this technique, assessing specimens from 124 patients over a 3-yr period. Cytologic and/or histologic material obtained by an alternate technique was available for 105 (84.7%) of the patients. The diagnostic sensitivity of TBNAB was comparable with that of other bronchoscopic techniques; with the addition of TBNAB, the overall sensitivity of bronchoscopy was increased from 54% to 72% (P less than 0.001). Because of its usefulness for diagnosis of submucosal tumors and its safety, we conclude that TBNAB is a useful addition to current methods for the diagnosis of suspicious pulmonary lesions.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1990

Papillary transitional-cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract: a cytological review.

Urinary cytology is a well-accepted diagnostic procedure for bladder carcinomas but it is utilized less frequently for diagnosis of upper urinary tract tumors. Accurate diagnosis depends on a suitable specimen as well as knowledge of diagnostic traps. This review article with several case studies emphasizes the various techniques used to obtain optimal samples, correct interpretative criteria, and diagnostic pitfalls. Technological advances for objective grading and predicting the biological behavior of tumors are also discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone: initial diagnosis by aspiration biopsy cytology.

Aspiration biopsy cytology by fine needle is becoming a popular diagnostic procedure for soft-tissue lesions; it also can be used successfully to diagnose some lesions from bone. The value of this procedure for making the initial diagnosis is illustrated by a case in which a malignant fibrous histiocytoma from a skull bone afflicted with Paget's disease was aspirated and interpreted as a sarcoma. This was later confirmed and subclassified by histology and electron microscopy from the tissue.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Papillary carcinoma of the breast. A cytomorphologic analysis.

For the past 15 years at Lankenau Hospital, Philadelphia, more than 10,000 breast lesions have been aspirated; the distinctive cytomorphologic features of common carcinomas have been previously reported. This study is a cytomorphologic analysis of eight invasive papillary carcinomas. The parameters include the pattern and morphology of the tumor cells, and their measurements by ocular micrometry. The distinctive features of this unusual neoplasm are its papillary configuration, tall columnar cells, naked nuclei, and blood. The study is especially important because these neoplasms may be misinterpreted as benign tumors.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Lymphadenopathy and aspiration biopsy cytology. Review of 376 superficial nodes.

The results of aspiration biopsy from 376 superficial lymph nodes were reviewed. Diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma based on "alien" cells and melanoma was easily made with an accuracy of 95%. The results of aspiration biopsy from lymphoma was much less accurate, and led to retrospective analysis of aspirates from 51 histologically verified cases of benign lymphadenopathy and lymphoma. Features suggestive of lymphoma included large immature lymphocytes, large histiocytes, abundant mitoses, and Reed-Sternberg cells. Thus, this safe office procedure, which immediately differentiates the lymph node from a cyst, inflammatory mass, or mesenchymal tumor, provides an important tool for diagnosis.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1984

Endocrine testicular functions in leprosy.

Pituitary testicular functions were evaluated in leprosy. Forty-three men with leprosy were studied by basal estimations of plasma LH, FSH, Prolactin, Testosterone, 17-beta estradiol, metoclopramide stimulated prolactin responses and hCG stimulated testosterone responses. Fifteen young healthy men with proven fertility were studied as control subjects. The hormone estimations were related to the histologic changes observed in the testicular biopsies of leprous hypogonadism. In lepromatous leprosy (n:18) the basal plasma gonadotropin levels were significantly increased (FSH 29.5 +/- 2.3 mlU/ml; LH 21.5 +/- 1.9 mlU/ml, mean +/- SE). The plasma gonadotropins were in the normal range in tuberculoid leprosy. In borderline leprosy, the basal mean plasma FSH was normal, whereas LH levels were significantly increased (22.5 +/- 1.2 mlU/ml). The basal plasma testosterone levels were significantly decreased in lepromatous leprosy (1.6 +/- 0.12 ng/ml), tuberculoid leprosy (4.2 +/- 1.7 ng/ml) and borderline leprosy (1.8 +/- 0.18 ng/ml). The basal plasma 17-beta estradiol levels were significantly elevated in all the three types of leprosy. The basal plasma prolactin levels in plasma were significantly increased in lepromatous and tuberculoid leprosy. During hCG stimulation tests, the peak plasma testosterone responses were significantly reduced in both lepromatous leprosy and tuberculoid leprosy subjects. The blunted testosterone responses during hCG stimulation tests in leprosy correlated with the high basal 17-beta estradiol levels (r = 0.58; P less than 0.05). These results strongly suggest that hypogonadism in leprosy results from primary testicular failure. The significant elevation of plasma 17-beta estradiol levels in lepromatous, tuberculoid and borderline leprosy could play a role in hypogonadism of leprosy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

An occult primary malignant melanoma in a black. Initial diagnosis by aspiration biopsy cytology of a metastasis.

Aspiration of tissue through a fine needle is a feasible way of obtaining material for diagnosis. The value, readability, and specificity of aspiration biopsy cytology is illustrated by a case in which nonpigmented neoplastic cells from an axillary mass were interpretable as metastatic malignant melanoma. That interpretation was later confirmed by conventional and electron microscopy of tissue. A search for the primary lesion led to recognition and excision of a malignant neoplasm with Schwannian features that probably arose in a congenital nevus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Aspiration biopsy cytology and melanoma.

Fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology (ABC) has proven to be a valuable tool for diagnosis of metastatic and primary melanoma. The ABC of 28 cases was studied and the findings tabulated. Melanin can be verified by Fontana-Masson stain. Additional salient features include cell isolation, anisocytosis, multinucleation, eosinophilic nucleoli, and intranuclear inclusions. Use of all of these cytomorphologic findings will result in accurate diagnosis of melanoma by ABC.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1979

Glucagon secretion in chronic pancreatitis.

Plasma insulin, pancreatic glucagon and immunoreactive glucagon-like polypeptide of intestinal origin (enteroglucagon) have been measured in 10 patients with chronic pancreatitis and 5 normal subjects. Basal levels and changes following oral glucose (50 g) and an intravenous infusion of arginine (25 g in 30 min) have been studied. In patients with chronic pancreatitis the plasma insulin response to oral glucose and intravenous arginine was reduced. Basal pancreatic glucagon was increased in the patients and increased further with oral glucose. During an arginine infusion the pancreatic glucagon showed a brisk early increase greater than that seen in the normal subjects. Basal enteroglucagon levels were significantly increased in chronic pancreatitis but response to orla glucose and arginine infusion were little different from those seen in the normal subjects.

Adult↗