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Biomedical subjects

V K Saxena

Publications and source records attributed to V K Saxena.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Inhibition of evoked neurotransmitter release from rat hippocampus by a polypeptide toxin isolated from the marine snail Conus distans.

The active fraction, isolated and partially purified from the crude venom of the marine snail Conus distans, with a molecular mass of about 25 kDa, inhibits neurotransmitter release in rat hippocampus. This toxin (distans Toxin) inhibits the electrically evoked tritium labelled noradrenaline release from rat hippocampal slices in a dose and time dependent manner. The neurotransmitter release is mainly regulated by N-type of voltage sensitive Ca(2+)-channels. The distans toxin behaves as a partial antagonist of calcium in the buffer, possibly by competing with calcium for this type of voltage sensitive Ca(2+)-channels.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Plasmon interpretation of 25 cm-1 mode in DNA.

An extension of the effective field approach for the normal mode dynamics of dissolved DNA polymers has been applied to study the vibrational modes of DNA-hydration sheath-counterion system, to include the effect of site bound counterions on the system dynamics. An alternative interpretation has been suggested for a 25 cm-1 mode recently observed in DNA samples and interpreted earlier as an interhelical mode. Analysing the eigenvectors this mode is found to possess a large electric dipole moment with longitudinal collective oscillations of the system. These characteristics identify this mode as a collective plasmon mode. Possible physical reasons for the existence of this character have been presented.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed1992

Ergotamine: its use in the treatment of migraine and its complications.

This paper gives a review of the use of ergotamine in the treatment of migraine and discusses its side effects and the treatment of possible complications. It is concluded that ergotamine is an effective and valuable substance in the treatment of acute attacks of migraine. However, ergotamine remains a potentially dangerous substance, its possible side effects being multiple and in some cases very serious. In view of the important adverse effects, the further study of other molecules effective in the treatment of acute migraine attacks is warranted.

Autonomic Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1992

Clinical and pathophysiological aspects of neurological complications in renal failure.

A review of the neurological complications presenting in uremia and an account of their presumed pathophysiology is given. With the introduction of different dialytic procedures during the last twenty years, the incidence and severity of neurological complications have declined. Nevertheless, some disturbances related to the uremic syndrome fail to respond to dialytic therapy and these therapeutic measures may even be responsible for the appearance of some new abnormalities. The clinical manifestations of uremic encephalopathy and polyneuropathy are presented. The review of the presumed pathophysiology of these syndromes illustrates the still existing controversies. Nevertheless, some promising new lines of research are reviewed. In addition, some complications of uremic treatment, including dialysis disequilibrium syndrome and dialysis encephalopathy are presented.

Brain Diseases, Metabolic↗
PubMed1992

Critical appraisal of entomological data of Madhya Pradesh for 1991 and its relevance to the National Malaria Eradication Programme.

Entomological data generated in five entomological zones, of Madhya Pradesh State during 1991 including, Bhopal, Bilaspur, Gwalior, Indore and Raipur were analyzed. The entomological parameters that were studied included per man hour (pmh) density, abdominal physiology and parity status. The inferences were related to i) resting behaviour (exophily/endophily) ii) duration of indoor resting period of mosquitoes iii) man-vector contact iv) efficacy of residual insecticide and v) vulnerability of the area to focal malaria outbreaks. The data chiefly pertains to the putative malaria vector Anopheles culicifacies in all the five zones under study. The studies have brought out that A. culicifacies, traditionally endophilic and endophagic, has demonstrated radical departure in its resting and feeding behaviour. In Gwalior zone the species shows high preference for exophily. In Bhopal and Indore zones there is differential resting behaviour with respect to season. The species shows, for most part of the year exophily but is also endophilic during post monsoon period. In Bilaspur zone the species shows marked exophily and endophagy. Irrigation practices seem to have affected the mosquito population density patterns in these regions as brought out in Indore and Bilaspur zone, where high density pattern is observed between November and February. These findings have obvious implications in selecting the appropriate intervention methods and the period of spray in areas where residual spray is the method of choice for interruption of transmission.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Monitoring of temephos (abate) application as a cyclopicide under the guineaworm eradication programme in India.

Temephos application in unsafe water sources at a dose of 1ppm, which started in 1986, is an important activity of the guineaworm eradication programme in India. During March 1989, monitoring of temephos application was carried out in six villages in each of the five guineaworm endemic districts: Kurnool (Andhra Pradesh), Gulbarga (Karnataka), Dhar (Madhya Pradesh), Thane (Maharashtra) and Jhalawar (Rajasthan), selected for the study. Out of 62 unsafe water sources targeted in the sampled villages for temephos treatment, 43 were treated during 1989 in the five districts (coverage 69.35 per cent). Out of these 43 treated sources 79.1 per cent were free of cyclops and the rest 20.93 per cent showed a variable cyclops count. 117 adult cyclops identified from these sources included Mesocyclops byalinus (82) and M. leuckarti (35). People's perception of utility of chemical treatment of water sources varied from negligibly low to moderate levels. Those areas which received timely application of temephos during the preceding year, al sharp decline in the number of cases in 1989 was observed. However, in those villages where no temephos was applied or where application was started as late as April or May, there was no impact on prevalence of the disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Computed tomography in Behçet disease.

In Behçet disease, CT may demonstrate low attenuation mass lesions with or without contrast enhancement. Since neurologic involvement may precede the typical dermatologic manifestations, Behçet disease should be included in the differential diagnosis of intracranial mass lesions. A case is presented with central nervous system involvement.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Giant and "granular melanosomes" in Leopard syndrome: an ultrastructural study.

Electron microscopy of lentigines was performed to study the pigmentation abnormality in two children with LEOPARD syndrome. Giant melanosomes similar to those seen in café-au-lait spots of neurofibromatosis and nevus spilus were found in a lentigine from one of our cases. Our results show that "spherical granular melanosomes" described in neurofibromatosis, are lysosomal-like structures associated with the development of complex melanin granules. Our study also demonstrates that immature melanosomes are present in some keratinocytes of LEOPARD syndrome. This finding is in contrast to the prevailing concept that only mature melanosomes are transferred to keratinocytes. The occurrence of individual melanosomes of normal size and shape in keratinocytes of skin in whites with LEOPARD syndrome, suggests that neither the size of melanosomes, nor the racial differences are the factors determining the distribution of melanosomes in keratinocytes.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1976

Search for potential amoebicides. Part V. N-substituted 2-nitro-4,5-dimethoxybenzamides and anils of 2-amino-3-methoxy and 2-amino-4,5-dimethoxybenzoic acids.

The authors in all have synthesised 28 new N-substituted 2-nitro, 4,5-dimethoxy-benzamides, and anils of 2-amino-3-methoxy and 2-amino-4,5-dimethoxybenzoic acids with a view to obtain potent amoebicides. Their work is based on the observation that a large number of dimethoxyphenyl substituted derivatives occupy an important place as antiamobic agents. Fourteen belonging to different series subjected to in vitro screening for amoebicidal activity against E. histolytica failed to show any significant activity.

Amebicides↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Stoke in the young: a four-year study, 1968 to 1972.

Twenty-six patients under 20 years of age having cerebrovascular disease were studied from 1968 to 1972. Common risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and heart disease were not present. Angiographical study showed a variety of abnormalities. No consistent defect was present. There was a high incidence of pyrexia and convulsions in the early stages of stroke and it appears possible that some form of arteritis might have been important in the production of the cerebral infarction.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Synthesis and pharmacological screening of some new N-[4-(N,N-disubstituted aminocarbonyl)phenyl]-3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid hydrazides.

Ten title compounds were synthesized by the action of N-[4-carboxyphenyl]-3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid hydrazide with thionyl chloride, followed by condensation with different secondary amines. The synthesized compounds were screened for toxicity, gross central nervous system, cardiovascular and anti-inflammatory activities. Most of the compounds were found to be moderately toxic and to depress the central nervous system. Some of them showed anti-inflammatory activity against carrageenin-induced oedema. Certain compounds displayed mild cardiovascular activity.

Animals↗