Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

V K Lim

Publications and source records attributed to V K Lim.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Surveillance of antibiotic resistance in South East Asia.

Antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria, particularly Salmonella and Shigella, requires surveillance worldwide. This study describes results of surveys in Hong Kong, Bangkok and Kuala Lumpur. All strains were isolated in hospitals which have large community catchment areas in addition to specialised hospital units. The prevalence of resistant strains was high in all areas. Gram-negative bacteria such as Enterobacter associated with hospital infections were resistant to penicillins and cephalosporins, with gentamicin resistance ranging from about 20% in Kuala Lumpur and Hong Kong, to 35% in Bangkok. Ninety-seven percent of Shigella isolated in Thailand were resistant to ampicillin. About 10% of Salmonella were resistant to chloramphenicol in all three centres.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMed1989

In vitro activity of some newer quinolone compounds.

The quinolones are a group of antimicrobial agents that act by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrases, enzymes essential in DNA replication. Several newer quinolone agents have been introduced recently. These are broad spectrum agents which may be administered orally. In-vitro susceptibility testing of five quinolone agents namely norfloxacin, pefloxacin, enoxacin, ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin against recent clinical bacterial isolates at the General Hospital Kuala Lumpur was performed. The results confirm the broad spectrum and high activity of these agents against these isolates which included Pseudomonas aeruginosa and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The quinolones would provide valuable alternatives in the treatment of infections caused by organisms resistant to the more commonly used antibiotics.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1989

Management of Flavobacterium meningitis in the neonates: experience with 18 consecutive cases.

18 neonates with bacteriologically confirmed Flavobacterium meningitis and ventriculitis were treated with various antibiotic regimens, including the use of intraventricular antibiotics. During the course of treatment, four patients died. 8/14 patients developed progressive hydrocephalus which required insertion of ventriculo-peritoneal shunts. The remainder 6/14 patients had normal ventricles or only mild ventriculomegaly. 5/8 patients with progressive hydrocephalus and 5/6 patients with normal or mildly dilated ventricles were followed up for at least 24 months. 4/5 of the patients with progressive hydrocephalus had severe bilateral hearing loss and delayed milestones. All the 5 patients with normal or mildly dilated ventricles had normal hearing although 2 of them had gross motor delay due to spastic paraplegia. Patients with progressive hydrocephalus received effective antibiotic treatment more than 8 days after the onset of infection while those with normal or mildly dilated ventricles within 8 days of infection. Onset of ventricular dilatation was associated with ventriculitis. Daily ultrasound scanning of the ventricles in the early stage helped to determine the need for early instillation of intraventricular antibiotics. Combined use of intravenous rifampicin, moxalactam and piperacillin showed promise as an effective antibiotic regimen in treating patients with normal or mildly dilated ventricles. Once significant ventriculomegaly has occurred, concomitant intravenous and intraventricular administration of antibiotics, to which the organisms were sensitive, was necessary to eradicate the infection.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1989

Pattern of neonatal septicemia in a Malaysian maternity hospital.

Over a 12 months period, out of 25,411 livebirths, 155 neonates (6.1 per 1000 livebirths) had proven septicemia by blood culture. The mortality rate was 26.5%. Septicemia was more common among the very low birthweight and preterm neonates of gestation of 30 weeks or less. 45.8% of the septicemia occurred during the first 48 hours of life. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most common causative organism. However, mortality was highest among neonates who acquired multiresistant nosocomial infection during the later part of neonatal life.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1989

Activity of imipenem against clinical isolates.

Imipenem is a new carbapenem antibiotic which is highly active against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. The purpose of this study is to establish the in-vitro activity of imipenem against recent clinical isolates of bacteria obtained from patients at the Kuala Lumpur General Hospital. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of the antibiotic against these isolates were determined using an agar dilution method. With the exception of Flavobacterium sp, some Pseudomonas sp and certain other non-fermentative Gram negative bacilli, imipenem was found to be active against a wide range of both Gram positive and Gram negative organisms. Imipenem could be a valuable alternative in cases of hospital infection caused by multiply resistant organisms.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗
PubMed1988

Staphylococcal infection in Malaysian hospitals.

Staphylococcal infection is common in Malaysian hospitals. A recent survey of 22 Malaysian hospitals revealed that staphylococci were isolated from almost 40% of positive blood cultures. A more detailed analysis of such cases in our own hospital showed that almost 70% of Staphylococcus aureus and about 16% of coagulase-negative staphylococcal isolates were associated with clinically-significant disease. Staphylococcal bacteraemia was seen mainly in neonatal sepsis, skin and soft tissue infections, pneumonia, arthritis, osteomyelitis, endocarditis and postoperative sepsis. Multiply-resistant S. aureus were encountered in all the hospitals surveyed. Resistance rates to penicillin ranged from 40% to almost 100% while methicillin resistance rates of up to 25% were reported from several hospitals.

Cross Infection↗