Porcine pancreatic transplants. II. Allotransplantation of duct ligated segments.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
V K Arora
Publications and source records attributed to V K Arora.
Multiple haemangioma of the bowel.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Hemangioma↗
A comparative study of a variety of crossbreds in poultry on hatchability and viability.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Animals↗
Dermoid (hairy polyp) of the nasopharynx.
Dermoids or hairy polyps, the most primitive forms of teratoma are rare lesions affecting the nasopharynx. They arise during early embryogenesis, being derived from only two germinal layers, ectoderm and mesoderm and are invariably benign. They usually present at or soon after birth with signs of upper aerodigestive tract obstruction. A case of hairy polyp of nasopharynx in a neonate is reported for its rarity. The etiology of teratomas, their classification in head and neck region, clinical features, and management in neonates are discussed.
Dermoid Cyst↗
Cytomorphology of some uncommon tumors of childhood and adolescence.
With the advent of newer adjuvant chemotherapeutic regimes resulting in dramatic improvement in survival, it is mandatory to obtain quick correct diagnosis, which is provided by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Cytology of childhood tumors was studied to find any distinguishing features, which would help in arriving at a diagnosis. Cytomorphology of 386 childhood and adolescent (0-19 years) tumors diagnosed between 1984 and 1993 were studied. Lipoma was the commonest benign tumor in 0-14 years age group. Fibroadenoma of the breast was the common benign tumor in adolescent (10-19 yrs) girls and pleomorphic adenoma in adolescent (15-19 yrs) boys. Wilms' tumor was the most frequent solid malignant tumor in preschool children and Hodgkin lymphoma, mixed cellularity in the school going age (5-19 yrs). Malignant tumors were more frequent (199). In addition, some rare malignancies like hepatoblastoma, meningioma, ganglioneuroblastoma, adrenocortical carcinoma, clear cell sarcoma kidney and malignant histiocytosis were diagnosed. The cytological features and the differential diagnoses are discussed. It is possible to diagnose these uncommon tumors if particular attention is paid to the distinguishing cytomorphological features in correlation with clinicoradiological findings and cytochemistry.
Adolescent↗
The effect of intravenous sodium diatrizoate on the function of the transplanted canine kidney.
The response of the canine renal autograft and allograft was measured following intravenous injection of 1 cc/kg 50% sodium diatrizoate (50% Hypaque). There was no significant effect on glomerular filtration rate or renal plasma flow immediately after injection; likewise there was no significant change in GFR 24 hours following injection compared to control animals.
Animals↗
Cytology of testicular changes in leprosy.
OBJECTIVE: To study the changes in testicular aspirates and semen of patients with leprosy. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective study of 56 patients in the reproductive-age group, with no record of treatment for leprosy. Both Ridley-Jopling and WHO classification systems were used. Skin and/or nerve biopsies were performed for documentation of the diagnosis. Semen analysis and fine needle aspirates of the testes were performed. Smears from the testicular aspirates were stained with May-Grünwald-Giemsa and Ziehl-Neelsen stain. RESULTS: Five patients were unable to produce an ejaculate. Abnormal semen analysis and/or testicular aspirates were seen in 24 (42.8%) patients. Eleven had oligospermia and eight azoospermia. Abnormalities in testicular aspirates ranged from hypospermatogenesis (4) through maturation arrest (1) and atrophy (11). Two patients had hydrocoele, and two had associated microfilariae. Three patients with multibacillary leprosy had type 2 reaction. Mycobacterium lepre was demonstrable in testicular aspirates from all patients with multibacillary and in three with paucibacillary leprosy. CONCLUSION: Abnormal semen analysis and/or testicular aspirates occur in a very high percentage of patients with leprosy. While this is expected for multibacillary disease, the high incidence in the paucibacillary form was surprising. With the rapid elimination of leprosy, fertility-related disability might emerge as a major problem in these people.
Adult↗
Fine needle aspiration cytology of sclerosing lobular hyperplasia of the breast: a case report.
BACKGROUND: Sclerosing lobular hyperplasia presenting as a palpable, circumscribed nodular mass in a young female's breast is characterized histologically by prominent hyperplasia of the lobules and sclerosis of the intralobular connective tissue. The cytomorphologic features and differential diagnosis of the lesion are presented. CASE: A 14-year-old female presented with a painless, progressively increasing, nodular, firm, mobile lump measuring 5 x 5 cm in the right breast. The clinical and radiologic diagnosis was fibroadenoma. Fine needle aspiration smears showed a clean background with uniform, round to oval epithelial cells in flat sheets, round clusters and rosettelike (acinar) arrangements. A few naked nuclei were present, while stromal fragments were not seen. CONCLUSION: When analyzed in the context of the clinical findings, the cytologic features of sclerosing lobular hyperplasia help to differentiate it from other benign palpable nodular lesions of the juvenile breast.
Adolescent↗
Testicular fine needle aspiration cytology for the diagnosis of azoospermia and oligospermia.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate qualitative and quantitative cytologic features on testicular fine needle aspiration biopsy in the diagnosis of azoospermia and oligospermia and to correlate cytologic and histologic diagnoses. STUDY DESIGN: In this prospective study, 50 infertile males selected from the infertility clinic of Guru Tegh Bahadur Hospital were studied. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) smears from both testes of 27 azoospermic and 23 oligospermic patients (sperm count < 10 million per milliliter) were stained with May-Grünwald-Giemsa and Papanicolaou stain. Differential counting of 500 spermatogenic cells was done, and the number of Sertoli cells per 500 germ cells was determined for calculating the spermatic index and Sertoli cell index, respectively. FNAC and testicular biopsy were performed under local anesthesia as a minor surgical procedure. RESULTS: Six groups were identified on FNAC smears from azoospermic patients: I. normal spermatogenesis (8), II. hypospermatogenesis (2), III. maturation arrest (2), IV. Sertoli cells only (6), V. atrophic pattern (7), and VI. Leydig cell predominance (2). In oligospermic patients two groups were identified: I. those with normal spermatogenesis (4), and II. those with subnormal spermatogenesis (19). Correlation with histopathologic examination was seen in 81.5% azoospermic and 65.2% oligospermic patients. CONCLUSION: Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of testicular FNAC provides useful information on both azoospermic and oligospermic patients. FNAC performed under local anesthesia is an acceptable outpatient procedure that consistently yields sufficient diagnostic material in all patients.
Adult↗
Fine needle aspiration cytology of primary extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma. A case report.
BACKGROUND: Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma is a rare soft tissue tumor of the extremities. Since it usually lacks obvious chondroid differentiation on light microscopy, it needs to be distinguished from other myxoid soft tissue sarcomas. CASE REPORT: The diagnosis of extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma was made on fine needle aspiration in a patient with a swelling in the right calf. Cellular myxoid fragments having round to oval cells with grooved nuclei arranged in a cordlike pattern suggested chondroid differentiation. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology. CONCLUSION: Fine needle aspiration cytology can be diagnostic of extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma even in the absence of obvious chondroid differentiation.
Biopsy, Needle↗
Diagnosing granulomatous inflammation of the skin. A cytomorphologic approach based on evaluation of cellular reaction patterns.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the applicability of recognizing cellular reaction patterns in the cytologic diagnosis of granulomatous inflammation of the skin. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective. Two hundred seventeen cases of clinically suspected granulomatous dermatitis formed the data for this study. May-Grünwald-Giemsa, Ziehl-Neelsen, periodic acid-Schiff, silver impregnation and Gram staining methods were employed. RESULTS: Five cytomorphologic patterns of granulomatous inflammation were identified: epithelioid cell granulomas (77), histiocytic granulomas (20), epithelioid cell granulomas with polymorphous exudate (77), foreign body granulomas (3) and fat necrosis with granulomas (9). CONCLUSION: Correlating clinical presentation with cytomorphologic patterns often yields diagnostic information in the workup of granulomatous inflammation of the skin and frequently obviates the need for biopsy.
Biopsy, Needle↗
Fine needle aspiration cytology of reactions in leprosy.
OBJECTIVE: To define diagnostic cytomorphologic features of reactions in leprosy. STUDY DESIGN: Part-retrospective, part-prospective, single-blind, controlled study of the applicability of fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of reactions in leprosy. Cytomorphologic features were compared in 42 clinically diagnosed patients with reactions in leprosy with those in a control group of patients with nonreactional leprosy. The study groups included type 1 and type 2 reactions in 35 and 9 patients, respectively. May-Grünwald-Giemsa and Ziehl-Neelsen staining methods were employed. RESULTS: Statistically significant (P < .01) cytomorphologic features of type 1 reaction were the presence of fragments of collagen and elastin; giant cells; giant cells exhibiting elastin phagocytosis; loose, epithelioid cell granulomas; and fibroblasts. Type 2 reaction was characterized in aspirates by the presence of an abundance of neutrophils in a background of lepromatous leprosy (P < .01). CONCLUSION: Criteria that are used in histopathology for the diagnosis of leprosy reactions can be applied satisfactorily to cytologic smears. A good correlation between clinical diagnosis and cytomorphology can be achieved. Multiple-site aspirates from the skin, nerve and lymph nodes are helpful in substantiating the diagnosis.
Adolescent↗
Prospective peer review in fine needle aspiration cytology. Another step toward quality assurance.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of a prospective peer review program on diagnostic accuracy in a routine cytopathology laboratory. STUDY DESIGN: For the study, 4,836 consecutive cases subjected to fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) over a one-year period were used. Nine pathologists performed both reporting and peer review functions. Disagreements were classified into "diagnostic errors" and "diagnostic discrepancies," depending on their impact on patient care. The effect of this review on turnaround time was statistically analyzed. A retrospective review of 4,025 cases from the preceding year was performed for comparison. RESULTS: Sixty-six cases with diagnostic disagreements were detected by prospective review. There were 28 diagnostic errors and 38 diagnostic discrepancies. The initial turnaround time for diagnostic FNAC in 90% of total cases was < 24 hours; mean delay for the remainder was 3.3 days. Prospective peer review added a further delay of 1 and 1.5 days, respectively. The number of diagnostic disagreements was significantly higher in the retrospective review (P < .01). CONCLUSION: Prospective peer review of diagnostic FNAC resulted in improved accuracy of diagnosis and reduced potential for inappropriate therapy; however, turnaround time was significantly increased.
Biopsy, Needle↗
Cytomorphologic patterns in Calmette Guerin bacillus lymphadenitis.
OBJECTIVE: To study the cytomorphologic patterns of Calmette Guerin bacillus (BCG) lymphadenitis and compare it to those of tuberculous lymphadenitis. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective cytomorphologic study of 136 cases of clinically diagnosed BCG adenitis. All fine needle aspiration smears of lymphadenitis in the age group 2 months to 2 years during a three-and-half-year period were analyzed. RESULTS: Three distinct cytomorphologic patterns were seen in 112 cases. They were acid-fast bacilli in a necrotic background (62), granulomas with necrosis (47) and granulomas in a reactive lymphoid background (3). CONCLUSION: The cytomorphologic patterns in BCG lymphadenitis were similar to those seen in tuberculous lymphadenitis; however, an exudative response and high acid-fast bacillus positivity was seen more frequently in BCG lymphadenitis. Moreover, Ziehl-Neelsen staining helped to distinguish these cases from pyogenic abscesses.
BCG Vaccine↗
Charcot-Leyden crystals in fine needle aspiration cytology.
OBJECTIVE: To study the occurrence and significance of Charcot-Leyden crystals (CLC) in routinely processed, eosinophil-rich smears. STUDY DESIGN: Fine needle aspiration (FNA) smears of 258 cases of cysticercosis, 35 of lymphatic filariasis and 19 of nonparasitic lesions with significant eosinophils were screened for the presence of CLC and correlated with the cytomorphology of the underlying disease. RESULTS: Charcot-Leyden crystals were seen in lymphatic filariasis (4), eosinophilic granuloma (1), chronic myelogenous leukemia (1) and pyogenic abscess (1). CLC were conspicuous by their absence in smears of cysticercosis, although cholesterol crystals were frequently observed. CLC were present in both May-Grünwald-Giemsa- and Papanicolaou-stained smears. Necrosis was a prominent cytologic feature in all cases with CLC. CONCLUSION: CLC encountered in routinely processed aspirates containing eosinophils, albeit infrequently, indicate in vivo formation. Necrosis probably provides a milieu for suspension of eosinophils, facilitating the formation of CLC. Absence of CLC in cysticercosis could be attributed to the high lipid content of these lesions, as indicated by the frequent occurrence of cholesterol crystals.
Adult↗
Rhinosporidiosis. Report of a case with an unusual presentation with bony involvement.
BACKGROUND: Rhinosporidiosis, a fungal infection due to Rhinosporidium seeberi, frequently produces polypoidal lesions in the nose. Sites like the conjunctiva, larynx, trachea, nasopharynx, skin and genitourinary tract are less frequently involved. Generalized rhinosporidiosis with skin and visceral involvement is extremely rare. This report describes the fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of rhinosporidiosis occurring as a solitary lesion with erosion of cortical bone. CASE REPORT: FNAC of a soft tissue swelling overlying a lytic lesion on the anterior aspect of the tibia was performed in a 40-year-old male. Smears revealed numerous sporangia and spores of R seeberi. There were no mucocutaneous lesions. Histologic examination confirmed the bony involvement. CONCLUSION: The FNAC diagnosis of rhinosporidiosis is specific. Preoperative diagnosis is possible even in cases with unusual clinical presentations.
Adult↗
Fine needle aspiration diagnosis of a subcutaneous abscess from Enterobius vermicularis infestation. A case report.
BACKGROUND: Extraintestinal infestation by Enterobius vermicularis is uncommon. It has been reported to occur in the peritoneal cavity, ovary, fallopian tube, endometrium, lung, liver and urinary tract. CASE REPORT: Fine needle aspiration diagnosis was made in a case of enterobiasis presenting with a subcutaneous abscess in the natal cleft. Eggs, as well as fragments of cuticle of the adult worm, were found; the morphology of both was best visualized in Papanicolaou-stained smears. Polarizing microscopy highlighted the equally spaced parallel grooves of the cuticle. CONCLUSION: Fine needle aspiration cytology of subcutaneous abscesses due to enterobiasis can be diagnostic when eggs, or eggs with cuticle, are identified in a suppurative or granulomatous inflammation.
Abscess↗
Cytomorphologic profile of lymphatic filariasis.
OBJECTIVE: To review the cytologic findings in 34 cases of lymphatic filariasis reported on fine needle aspiration cytology for the identification of various parasitic structures. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study of consecutive cytologically diagnosed lymphatic filariasis in a nine-year period. RESULTS: Thirty-three cases were confirmed as filariasis; 30 had microfilariae (group 1). Three cases (group 2) showed no microfilariae. The diagnosis in group 2 was based on the identification of an adult male worm (1 case), nongravid female worm (1 case) and fertilized eggs (1 case). Thirteen cases in group 1 also had fragments of gravid female worm. CONCLUSION: Lymphatic filariasis can be diagnosed in the absence of microfilariae by identifying other parasitic fragments.
Animals↗