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V J D'Souza

Publications and source records attributed to V J D'Souza.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Reconstruction of the four basic cardiac projections from magnetic resonance images: a new aspect.

From 3D MR scans, the authors have constructed 2D "silhouettes" that correspond to standard radiographic views of the heart. These images explicitly demonstrate the relationship of the surface anatomy to the internal anatomy of the heart and serve to indicate what chambers contribute to the heart borders seen on radiographs. The findings depart from conventional wisdom in at least four respects, including: the left atrium contributes to the left heart border in a frontal radiograph in only a minority of subjects, in steep RAO and lateral radiographs, the right ventricle does not always form the anterior heart border, in left anterior oblique radiographs greater than 30 degrees, the anterior heart border is formed predominantly by the right ventricle, and the left ventricle extends more craniad along the posterior margin of the heart than expected.

Heart↗
PubMed1988

Prosthetic arterial graft occlusion: a complication of tourniquet use during arteriography.

Tourniquet-induced reactive hyperemia, generally considered a safe procedure for enhancing visualization of the arteries in the distal lower extremity, caused acute occlusion of a Dacron arterial graft in one patient. This rare complication can be avoided through use of an alternative such as a chemical vasodilator in patients with susceptible synthetic vascular grafts.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

MR imaging of Ebstein anomaly: results in four cases.

We performed ECG-gated MR imaging in four patients (4 months-15 years old), all of whom had a previously diagnosed severe form of Ebstein anomaly of the tricuspid valve. The goal was to study the anatomy of this congenital heart defect with MR imaging. The axial and coronal scans provided the best details. All characteristic abnormalities were seen well: the maintained proximal and faulty distal attachment of the anterior tricuspid leaflet, the absence of both septal and posterior tricuspid leaflets, the size and delineation of the anatomically atrialized chamber of the right ventricle, and the small, compressed trabecular portion with the markedly dilated pumping outflow tract of the right ventricle proper. Our results suggest that MR may furnish valuable information in patients with Ebstein anomaly when echocardiography is either inconclusive or technically difficult to perform.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

A persistent fifth aortic arch in man: a double-lumen aortic arch (presentation of a new case and review of the literature).

Persistent fifth aortic arch manifested as a double-lumen aortic arch (DLAA) is a rare anomaly. We present such a case with transposition of the great arteries, ventricular septal defect (VSD), and pulmonary atresia. Review of the eight previously published cases indicates relatively frequent association of DLAA with preductal coarctation of the aorta. We attempt to explain the coexistence of this lesion with DLAA. We also discuss evidence supporting derivation of the inferior channel of the DLAA from the embryologic fifth aortic arch.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1986

Calcified thrombus of the inferior vena cava in transposition of the great vessels.

Calcified thrombus of the inferior vena cava (IVC) in children is an entity usually not associated with significant complications. The possibility of pulmonary embolism from the soft thrombus, however, has been suggested but never reported. We give an account of a child with transposition of the great vessels who suffered embolization from a calcified thrombus in the IVC that entered the systemic circulation.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1986

Intracardiac tumor: an unusual case of myocardial ischemia.

We have presented an unusual case of right ventricular tumor mimicking myocardial ischemia. Tumor invasion of deeper structures of the heart is rare, and we think the ECG and enzyme changes in our patient were due to invasion of the ventricular septum by the tumor.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1986

MR imaging of the central pulmonary arterial tree in conotruncal malformation.

Successful MR imaging of the central pulmonary arterial tree was performed in four cases of conotruncal malformation and in one case of pulmonary arterial banding. Angiography performed near the time of MR imaging in three cases and 15 years earlier in two other cases did not visualize the central pulmonary arterial tree. Multiplanar imaging was necessary to fully visualize the anatomy of complex congenital defects of the pulmonary arterial tree; the choice of imaging plane varied depending on the portion of the pulmonary artery to be evaluated.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Mirror-image right aortic arch: a proposed mechanism in symptomatic vascular ring.

We describe a rare case of right aortic arch with mirror-image branching and a left ductus arteriosus that form an anomalous vascular ring. The unusual feature of this symptomatic vascular ring is presence of a left (posterior) circumflex descending aorta in lieu of an aortic diverticulum which usually represents the posterior element of the vascular ring associated with right aortic arch and mirror-image branching. This we believe is the seventh reported case of Type 1 right aortic arch and only the third such case with a left circumflex descending aorta. Accurate diagnosis was made by barium esophagogram and angiocardiogram and was confirmed surgically. We propose a new theory as to why some vascular rings formed by the right aortic arch are symptomatic while others are not.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1984

Intrarenal aneurysm of the renal artery in children.

Two children with hypertension had intrarenal aneurysms in the renal artery. In both children, renovascular hypertension was documented by renal vein renin assay showing elevated renin secretion from the involved kidney and suppression of renin secretion from the contralateral kidney. Transcatheter embolization of a segmental artery cured the hypertension in one case. A nephrectomy performed in the other case, because of multiple intrarenal aneurysms, was curative. Intrarenal renal artery aneurysms are an uncommon cause of renovascular hypertension in children. The aneurysms may be mycotic or congenital in origin, or secondary to diffuse vasculitis. Although spontaneous resolution of the aneurysms may occur when due to vasculitis, treatment of most aneurysms is usually necessary. Transcatheter embolization of solitary aneurysms is an attractive alternative to partial nephrectomy, since it allows maximal preservation of renal parenchyma with minimal morbidity.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1984

Single versus biplane right and left ventricular volumetry: a cast and clinical study.

True volume (y) and measured volume (x) determined from 23 right and 22 left normal human casts in four biplane angiographic positions and in their eight single-plane components were used to find the correction factor (b) by regression through the origin (y = bx). The correction factors were applied to human studies to assess the validity of the various biplane and single-plane modalities in vivo. The casts studies yield excellent correlations in both right and left biplane methods (right volumetry: 0.555 less than or equal to b less than or equal to 0.708, 0.917 less than or equal to r less than or equal to 0.954, 4.10 less than or equal to SEE less than or equal to 6.01 left volumetry: 0.748 less than or equal to b less than or equal to 0.825, 0.974 less than or equal to r less than or equal to 0.982, 4.81 less than or equal to SEE 5.79). Good results were obtained with single-plane volumetries as well (right volumetry: 0.316 less than or equal to b less than or equal to 0.887, 0.750 less than or equal to r less than or equal to 0.917, 10.75 less than or equal to SEE less than or equal to 18.96; left volumetry: 0.728 less than or equal to b less than or equal to 0.881, 0.897 less than or equal to r less than or equal to 0.976 5.73 less than or equal to SEE less than or equal to 11.97). The correction factors for the single-plane studies depend much more strongly on the spatial position relative to the radiographic system, particularly in the case of the right ventricular volumes. Thus, the application of the appropriate correction factors is mandatory. The human studies (141 left and 60 right volumetric studies in various single-plane and biplane projections) showed a larger scatter of single-plane values, more pronounced for the right ventricle. In certain disease conditions, single plane volumetric studies using cast-derived correction factors cannot be used to obtain meaningful results. Correction factors for the following single or biplane mode volumetry are presented for the first time: biplane hepatoclavicular view (right and left ventricle), biplane long axial oblique view (right ventricle), and their single-plane components; lateral and 60 degree Left Anterior Oblique (LAO) single plane for the left-sided measurements, Postero-Anterior (PA), lateral, and 60 degree LAO for the single-plane right-sided calculations.

Angiocardiography↗
PubMed1984

Spasm of the aortocoronary venous graft.

Two cases of spasm of the coronary artery bypass graft are reported, and the angiographic and clinical findings are discussed. Few previous reports of this entity were found in a search of the literature. The therapeutic implications are also presented.

Adult↗