Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

V I Smoliar

Publications and source records attributed to V I Smoliar.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Concept of the Mediterranean diet in modern European nutrition].

The article is devoted to the analysis of the conception of the Mediterranean diet that has become to be shared by many leading nutritionists of Europe over the last decade as a possible reference model of nutrition for inhabitants of many countries of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe. An association is shown between some nutritional factors and indices for general mortality, mortality from ischemic heart disease and cancer of certain localizations. A positive effect has been unraveled of monounsaturated fatty acids together with negative effects of saturated fatty acids on the process of beta-oxidization and mitochondrial functions in the cardiac muscle. On the basis of the analysis of the existing data a conclusion has been reached that annexes to the existing principles of the A. A. Pokrovsky's optimum nourishment formula are necessary.

Diet↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Nutritional characteristics and the prevalence of obesity among individual groups of the population in the Ukrainian SSR].

The prevalence of adiposity and nutritional status among the working population of seven regions in the Ukrainian SSR (teachers, workers engaged in the chemical, metallurgical, textile, wood-working industries and in agriculture) were studied. Only 44 per cent of males and 25 per cent of females were found to be of normal weight. Some surplus weight had 21 per cent of men and 26 per cent of women, 9 per cent of men and 21 per cent of women suffered from adiposity of the 1st degree and 2 per cent of males and 15 per cent of females had adiposity of the II degree. The nutrition of the obese was more rich in calories at the expense of bread-stuffs, potato, pure carbohydrates and some products of animal origin (fats). Overweight and obesity were observed more often among teachers of both sex and also among female-workers of cotton factories and smelters. The proportion of the patients with cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders was higher among the obese. These data witness the need for differentiation of nutritional standards depending upon the energy spent by the representatives of individual occupational groups of the population.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The current problems of dietary feeding (a review of the literature)].

Group dietary system is now a disputable problem in medicine. Ukraine shows a tendency in development of universal therapeutic diets with individualization of diets depending on the patient's condition, course of the disease, sex, age etc. Advancements of dietary feeding in the Ukraine should be based on scientific principles. This will promote efficient treatment of the patients.

Diet↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of a new sweetening agent from Stevia rebaudiana on animals].

Animals received saccharol adequate (by sweetness) to sugar, and in 10- and 50-fold increased amounts. The data of chronic 10-month experiments studied in the time course after 2, 5, 10 months have permitted a conclusion that saccharol included into the ration during long periods, does not produce a significant effect on the parameters of metabolic processes and morphological picture of the internal organs in test animals. Saccharol in 50-fold increased amounts inhibits the activity of oxidative phosphorylation in the hepatic tissue of rats.

Animal Feed↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of a new exopolysaccharide on animal body].

The influence of new exopolysaccharide, synthesized by Candida tropicalis and Pseudomonas sp. consortium in ethanol, on the animal body was studied in chronic experiments conducted in 200 non-inbred white rats. The animals were sacrificed after 3, 10 and 18 months of follow-up. The results of the investigations permit a conclusion that exopolysaccharide given to the animals during a long period does not produce a significant effect on the animal's growth and development, on the antitoxic function of the liver, on the parameters of protein, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, on oxidizing phosphorylation in the mitochondria of the liver, and is low-hazard with respect to allergenic properties.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Energy expenditure of workers at modern animal-breeding complexes].

The energy expenditure of workers at modern cattle-breeding farm complexes was studied during their working time and during 24 h. It was found that during the working period the energy expenditure fluctuated from 9.2 to 25.9 kJ/min, while daily energy expenditure comprised 11.6-13.8 MJ.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of saccharose on the growth and structure of bone tissue].

The content of organic mineral components in bones was studied after substitution of 25 and 50% of carbohydrate energy value in rations for saccharose. It was established that saccharose stimulated the growth of experimental animals, this was attended by increased phosphomonoesterase-1 activity, epiphyseal cartilage thickening, hyperfunction of the growth zone and changes in the phosphorus-calcium metabolism.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of copper deficiency on growth and bone tissue formation].

The influence of copper deficiency on the growth was studied in schoolchildren, and on the osteogenesis--in experimental animals. The results of the investigations conducted have shown that copper deficiency may be one of the causes of disturbances in growth and osteogenesis in the growing body. Osteogenesis disturbances observed in the animals with copper deficiency were associated with the inhibition of the synthesis of enzymatic systems and protein metabolism in chondro- and osteoblasts.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of amino acid deficiency on bone tissue growth and formation].

Intake of the essential amino acids, threonine, lysine and methionine by Ukrainian children of different height was studied. The processes of osteogenesis and phosphorus-calcium metabolism in rats with the above amino acids deficiency in the diet were also subjected to study. A direct correlation was established between intake of the amino acids under study and the height of schoolchildren. The deficiency of the amino acids in the diet of experimental animals contributed to the retardation of the growth, destructive changes, an increase in the content of hydroxyproline, a reduction of phosphomonoesterase-I activity in bones, and alterations in phosphorus-calcium metabolism.

Amino Acids, Essential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of sugar beet saponins on the body of animals].

A study was made of the effect of sugar beet saponins on motor activity of animals, energy, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, osmotic resistance of red blood cells, antitoxic liver function. The 50- and 100-fold increase of the initial dose gave rise to an elevation of motor activity, lowering of the content of pre-beta-lipoproteins and increase of the amount of alpha-lipoproteins in blood serum, reduction of the osmotic resistance of red blood cells, dissociation of the processes of oxidation and phosphorylation, and decline of the energy efficacy of respiration.

Animals↗