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Biomedical subjects

V I Mosin

Publications and source records attributed to V I Mosin.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Synthesis of eicosanoids by circulating mononuclears in healthy people and in patients with liver cirrhosis.

The synthesis of some of the products of cycloxygenase and lipoxygenase metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA) in mononuclear cells (MNCs) in vitro was studied with [3H]AA in five healthy subjects and five patients with liver cirrhosis (LC). FGA, ionophor Ca A23187 and levamisole were investigated. The eicosanoid synthesis by non-stimulated MNCs of the patients was normal. Mitogens augmented the outcome of PGs, TXB2 and HETE and increased the outcome of LTB4 in comparison with the control group. In liver pathology prostanoid and LT synthesis differed. In patients, but not in healthy subjects, prednisone suppressed eicosanoid production stimulated by FGA and reduced LTB4 and HETE outcome in MNCs treated by ionophor. The role of LTB4 hyperproduction in the pathogenesis of LC and the possibility of prednisone-induced suppression of synthesis of lipoxygenase metabolites in MNCs are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Prostaglandins and cyclic nucleotides in chronic pancreatitis].

The content of pancreatic enzymes, cyclic nucleotides and prostaglandins (PG) in the duodenal contents was measured in 77 patients with chronic pancreatitis and in 20 healthy individuals. Pancreatitis exacerbation was attended by a decrease in enzymatic activity, in bicarbonate, cAMP and cGMP production. The content of PGE in pancreatic secretion remained normal, that of PGF2 alpha was elevated. Stimulation of the exocrine part of the pancreas by means of euphylline, pentagastrin and calcium was accompanied by the rise of the content of cyclic nucleotides rather than of PG. Suppression of enzymatic secretion by contrykal was followed by the reduction in the content of the cyclic nucleotides and PGE. The data suggest that cyclic nucleotides and PG are involved in the mechanism by which the external secretion of the pancreas is impaired in patients with chronic pancreatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Various characteristics of collagen metabolism in patients with chronic diseases of the liver].

The correlation of collagen metabolism to liver contents of cyclic AMP and GMP as well as blood level of hormones was investigated in 105 patients with chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. In patients with active hepatitis and cirrhosis showing the highest intensity of collagen metabolism there appeared elevated levels of cyclic AMP, somatotropic hormone and insulin against low levels of hydrocortisone and thyroxin. The relations between characteristics of plasma protein-bound oxyproline (PBOP), circadian oxyprolinuria and regulatory mechanisms under study suggest a competitive control of hepatic connective tissue metabolism maintained by hormones via cyclase systems. In high levels of blood PBOP and low ones of hydrocortisone, glucocorticoids unlike D-penicillamine promoted inhibition of liver collagen synthesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Characteristics of the pathogenesis of primary and secondary stomach ulcers].

The authors studied acid and nonparietal secretion and the level of the blood flow in the gastric mucosa combined with the determination in it of the concentrations of prostaglandins (PGE and PGF2 alpha) and cyclic nucleotides (cAMP and cGMP) in 39 patients with primary (mostly medio-gastric) gastric ulcers, in 22 patients with secondary gastric lesions (with relation to duodenal ulcer) and in 58 patients with peptic ulcer. 30 healthy persons were investigated for control. More active acid secretion of the stomach was shown in the patients with secondary ulcers (as compared to the patients with primary ulcers) with similar indices of bicarbonate and fucose. The deficit of PGE in gastric mucosa was observed in ulcers of different sites with its lowest values in secondary gastric ulcers. In the patients with primary and secondary gastric ulcers the level of mucosal PGF2 alpha was decreased, in duodenal ulcer it was normal. A higher rate of the gastric blood flow was observed in the patients with duodenal and secondary gastric ulcers, and a normal one-in primary gastric ulcers. Normal gastrinemia was noted in ulcers of different sites. The development of secondary gastric ulcers in patients with duodenal ulcers appeared to result from insufficiency of prostaglandin biosynthesis in the gastric mucosa.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Hormonal mechanisms of morphofunctional changes in the gastric mucosa in chronic gastritis].

The authors gave morphometric assessment of the mucous membrane of the stomach (MMS), investigated the proliferative activity of its cells and the levels of cyclic nucleotides (cAMP and cGMP) in 60 patients with different types of chronic gastritis. A parallel study was made of the blood levels of cortisol, thyroxine, insulin, STH, and gastrin. 10 healthy persons were investigated for control. A decrease in MMS thickness, redistribution of the sizable lobes of the glandular epithelium and stroma in favor of the latter were shown in atrophic (but not superficial) gastritis. In patients with atrophic gastritis the proliferative activity of MMS cells was significantly raised, the blood levels of cortisol and gastrin were elevated, the level of thyroxine was lowered, and insulin and STH levels were normal. Marked MMS atrophy was accompanied by cAMP and cGMP insufficiency. The relationships between the morphofunctional status and the proliferative activity of MMS cells, on the one hand, and the activity of the hormonal-cyclase systems, on the other hand, were followed. The mechanisms of pathological regeneration of MMS cell elements was specified, and its importance in the morphogenesis of atrophic gastritis was confirmed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant enzyme system of the gastric mucosa in peptic ulcer].

Lipid peroxidation and the activity of the antioxidant system were studied in the mucous membrane of the stomach of 60 patients with peptic ulcer. Maximum activation of lipid peroxidation was at the ulcer edges and in the surrounding mucosa. In the same regions the following changes were noted: an increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase, depression of activity of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase, a decrease in the amount of reduced glutathione and accumulation of oxidated glutathione. Activation of lipid peroxidation and disruption of activity of the antioxidant system in the mucous membrane of the stomach were considered to be important pathogenetic factors leading to a chronic and recurrent course of peptic ulcer.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Lipid peroxidation and the mechanisms of hepatocyte damage and protection in chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis].

A study was made of the indices of lipid peroxidation (LPO)--conjugated dienes (CD) and diene ketones (D), cyclic nucleotides (CN)--cAMP and cGMP, prostaglandins (PG) E and F2 alpha in biopsy tissue of the liver in 55 patients with chronic hepatitis (CH) and liver cirrhosis (LC). LPO was determined by spectrophotometry, CH and LC--by a radioimmunoassay. In patients with CPH and CAH the indices of LPO and cGMP were normal, cAMP, PG and PGE/PGF2 alpha were raised. In a severe fast progressive liver lesion disorder of coordination activity of the cell membranous systems was characterized by a high LPO activity, a decrease in cAMP and relative deficit of liver PG.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Dopamine levels in the gastric and duodenal mucosa, blood and urine in patients with duodenal ulcer].

A study was made of the dopamine (DA) level in the gastric and duodenal mucosa, blood and urine of 54 patients with duodenal ulcer and 19 healthy persons. An increase in the DA level in the duodenal mucosa, blood and urine during exacerbation of disease was noted. The DA level in the gastric mucosa was normal. Reverse correlation between the DA content in the gastric mucosa and blood, on the one hand, and criteria of acid production, on the other hand, was established. An increase in the activity of chromaffin cells was interpreted as a compensatory reaction ensuring the reduction of catecholamine metabolism, a decrease in gastric secretion, a rise of the rates of reparative regeneration in the duodenal mucosa.

Adult↗