In 135 patients with mitral stenosis of the III and IV stages oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria of the left cardiac auricle was studied by the polarographic method. A uniform lowering of the mitochondrial respiration at different metabolic states with IV stage of the affection and in patiens of a more advanced age (36-52 years) was demonstrable. In some instances the conjugation of oxidation and phosphorylation was on a decline too. A nitrous oxide anesthesia (by comparison with the ether-oxygen one) produced a substantial depression of the mitochondrial respiration, especially when alpha-ketoglutarate was used. The sensitivity to the inhibitory effect of nitrous oxide in the elderly was higher. Respiration with succinate as a substrate in the young (20-35 years) patients proved little sensitive to the suppressing action of this type of anesthesia.

Adult↗

PubMed1976

[Oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria of various parts of the myocardium in patients with combined mitral valve defects].

The oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria of the left auriculum and the papillary muscles of the left ventricle was studied in 73 patients with combined mitral valve defects subjected to mitral valve prosthetic replacement. The examination was conducted polarographically by Chance's technique, the oxidation substrate being 10 mm alpha-ketoglutarate. The rate of oxidation in various metabolic states and the rate of phosphorylation were demonstrated to decrease along with the increasing course of the disease, the activeness of the rheumatic process, and the predominance of stenosis. In cases of distinct calcification of mitral valve the respiration rate increases in the 4th state, while the respiratory control--decreases. Nitrous oxide anaesthesia, in contrast to ether, results in a decreasing efficacy and rate of phosphorylation. The possible mechanisms of these changes are discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1976

[Cytochrome system of myocardial mitochondria in patients with mitral valve insufficiency].

The content of cytochromes in the mytochondria of the papillary muscles and auricles of the left atria was studied by means of differentiated spectrophotometry in patients operated on for mitral valve insufficiency. A significant reduction of all cytochromes was noted in the papillary muscles of the left ventricle that depended on the stage of circulatory insufficiency. In cases of a protracted course of the disease a tendency towards a reduction in the content of all cytochromes, especially the a + a3 cytochrome, was noted in the papillary muscle. When the content of cytochromes in the myocardium was reduced, the number of cardiac complications in the postoperative period was much higher. A moderately expressed activity of the rheumatic process had no significant effect upon the content of cytochromes in the heart muscle.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1976

[In vivo and in vitro cytospectrophotometric studies of DNA in the cells of human neuroectrodermal brain tumors].

A rather distinct correlation in the content and distribution of DNA with the grade of malignancy was estabilished for the following series: normal astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, typical astrocyfomas and oligodendrogliomas atypical astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas. For glioblastomas this correlation is impaired, because the polymorphic variant of glioblastoma is characterized by particularly great disturbances in the content and distribution of DNA in the form of polyploidy and aneuploidy which, in this case, reflects not only the grade of malignancy, but also a pronounced polymorphism of tumour cells. The content of DNA in rapidly growing malignant tumours is not only an expressions of real deviation to the side of polyploidy and the mitotic cycle. In neuroectodermal tumours growing in the condition of cell culture, the similar regularity was observed, although the phenomena of aneuploidy were more distinctly expressed in the majority of tumours.

Aneuploidy↗

PubMed1974