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Biomedical subjects

V Hruban

Publications and source records attributed to V Hruban.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Morphology of regressive changes in the kidney following experimental ischaemia.

Total or partial renal ischaemia was studied in rats and pigs in a series of experiments, after total devascularization (ligature of renal vessels and ureter); ligature of isolated renal artery; experimental embolization of renal artery by non-resorbable material; devascularization of a specific renal segment by deep, strangulating sutures. Morphological studies showed that the resulting necrotization is represented most frequently by coagulation necrosis, less frequently by colliquating necrosis. Occlusion of the renal artery by embolization or ligature leads only to partial necrotization or atrophy. Total devascularization of the renal hilus or total devascularization of a specific renal segment by strangulating sutures leads to total destruction of the devascularized (devitalized) tissues. Within 8-12 weeks, the whole organ changes into a small residue of connective tissue. The possibility of the use of the devascularization technique in the treatment of tumours is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Monoclonal antibodies specific for pig serum and cell surface IgM.

Two monoclonal antibodies were prepared which react specifically with pig serum immunoglobulin and with the population of B lymphocyte-bearing surface immunoglobulin. Comparison of our monoclonal antibodies with reagents specific for gamma, mu and alpha immunoglobulin chains in double immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis revealed that the monoclonal antibodies recognise IgM in pig serum and mu chain or mu chain-like molecules on B lymphocytes. The monoclonal antibodies, designated LIG 2 and LIG 4, reacted positively with adult pig sera but not with fetal or precolostral sera or with sera from other animal species. LIG 2 and LIG 4 reacted with 15 per cent of cells from the peripheral blood lymphocyte population, 20.2 per cent of spleen cells and 20 per cent of lymph node cells, but did not react with pig erythrocytes, granulocytes or cells isolated from thymus, or with the lymphocytes of other species. Positive reactions were also found on lymphatic and intestinal tissue sections. No genetic polymorphism was found in the pig population revealed by the monoclonal antibodies. The monoclonal antibodies LIG 2 and LIG 4 may be useful for studying the pig immune system, especially as a standard reagent for measuring pig serum IgM and for the identification of positive B lymphocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Detection of a new non-MHC alloantigenic system (SLD) in pigs.

A new, non-MHC cell membrane leucocyte alloantigen was detected in pigs by the complement dependent lymphocytotoxic technique. The new leucocyte system was designated SLD. Its product antigen SLD-1 was demonstrated to segregate independently of the SLA, SLB, SLC, A and E antigens. Family studies supplied evidence of a dominant inheritance of SLD-1. Since an allelic antigen could not be demonstrated, only two alleles for this locus are reported, namely SLD1 and SLD-. No evidence of linkage was detected between the above mentioned leucocyte alloantigenic systems and SLD. The antigen was detected on enriched suspensions of T and B cells from peripheral blood, but it was not detected on erythrocytes, granulocytes and thrombocytes.

Alleles↗
PubMed1985

Development of a semi-inbred line of Landrace pigs. I. Breeding performance and immunogenetic characteristics.

During 15 years of inbreeding of pigs (Canadian Landrace) a semi-inbred line has been developed. The inbreeding coefficient (FX) is 0.84, which theoretically corresponds to between 8-9 generations of brother/sister matings. At the highest inbreeding level (0.84) the mean number of newborn piglets in the litter was 7.2 (5 litters, n = 36) including 5 stillborn (13.8%). The mean birth weight of the litter was 8.56 kg (5 litters, n = 31) the mean piglet birth weight was 1.23 kg and at the age of 21 days the mean weight of a litter was 33.24 kg with a mean piglet weight of 5.44 kg. During inbreeding, immunogenetic alloantigenic systems were investigated. Of 15 known erythrocyte systems, alleles of loci J, K, and of the most polymorphic system E, segregated. As to other immunogenetic systems (histocompatibility, leucocyte and allotypes) 2 SLA haplotypes (major histocompatibility complex) and 2 alleles of the SLC leucocyte system segregated. Allotransplants of the skin in SLA compatible siblings survived for a mean of 50.7 days (n = 77) compared with 10.8 days (n = 29) in non-inbred siblings. Tests of blastic transformation activated by T and B lymphocyte mitogens revealed a normal cell-mediated immune response. After immunization with some cell membrane alloantigens a normal humoral response was also recorded. All tested animals were halothane-resistant and tolerated a 10-min exposure to 5% without developing malignant hyperthermia. Depression due to inbreeding was manifested by a reduced reproductive ability (smaller number of piglets, frequent incidence of gonadal hypoplasia, diminution or loss of libido).

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Small and large intestine devascularization (devitalization) and potentials in the therapeutic use of this operative method].

The experimental findings with devitalization of various intestinal segments by means of devascularization showed that the isolated segments left in peritoneal cavity (together with their contents) were gradually destroyed and changed into a slight fibrous residue. The retaining of the up to 180 cm long segment did not endanger the life of experimental animals. This experience was used in the surgical treatment of inoperable tumours in left half of large intestine and in rectosigmoideum. The case report of four successful operations is given together with two cases of invagination of the devitalized part into intestinal lumen.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
PubMed1985

Experimental elimination of various intestinal segments by means of devascularization (devitalization).

Segments of the small and large intestine, of varying lengths (10-180 cm), were devascularized by simultaneously ligating the mesenteric arteries and veins. When the circulation had been cut off, the ends of the devascularized segment were both ligated, continuity of intestinal passage was renewed by forming an anastomosis and the isolated segment was left in situ, together with its contents. Contrary to accepted views, no changes leading to death (necrosis and peritonitis) occurred, but the devascularized tissue was progressively destroyed and reconstructed until, after four weeks, all that was left was a minute fibrous residue. None of 41 pigs died as a result of devascularization, including those in which large doses of pathogenic microorganisms were injected into the isolated segment. The possibility of employing this technique in the surgical treatment of inoperable tumours is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Intestinal invagination in pigs].

The invaginations of small intestine are being described which represent one of possible causes of intestinal ileus. In connection with multiple invaginations, a case of two intussusceptions is being mentioned, in which the peaks of invaginates are directed towards each other. At the same time four theoretically possible double invaginations are presented as well as a proposal for their distinction and indication.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Recombination between the S and the H blood group loci in pigs.

The investigation of A-O blood group phenotypes in selected pig families confirms the existence of an S locus which specifically controls the expression of A and O alloantigens. Forty-five informative litters were scored for linkage between the S gene and the H blood group locus. The recombination frequency in 345 offspring was estimated to be 9.56% (33 cross-overs). Specific difficulties involved in the determination of A-O and H phenotypes and the importance of S and H polymorphisms for the determination of Hal genotypes are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Non-MHC alloantigenic system in pigs (SLC) detected by leucoagglutination.

Two cell membrane leucocyte alloantigens were detected in pigs by simple direct agglutination tests. Family studies showed that the locus controlling these antigens was not identical, or in close linkage, with the SLA major histocompatibility complex, SLB leucocyte locus or with the A, E, and N blood group loci. In the studied population, the locus termed SLC (Swine Leucocyte C locus) has two alleles controlling mutually exclusive antigens SLC-1 and SLC-2. The frequency of SLC1 and SLC2 alleles is 0.10 and 0.90, respectively. The antigens have not been detected on erythrocytes and thrombocytes but are well determined on granulocytes, peritoneal macrophages, mononuclears from different sources (thymus, spleen, bone marrow, lymph nodes) and enriched T and B cells from peripheral blood.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1982

Seminal and colostral protease inhibitors on leukocytes.

For detection of protease inhibitors from cow colostrum (CTI) and bull seminal plasma (BUSI I and BUSI II) on the surface of leukocytes, immunological methods were used. An agglutination and an immunofluorescence test demonstrated components on the surface of bovine, porcine and ovine granulocytes and lymphocytes which were immunologically identical with the protease inhibitors isolated from cow colostrum and bull seminal plasma. When antisera against (CTI, BUSI and BUSI II were absorbed by bovine and porcine liver, kidney and spleen homogenate or by bovine and porcine granulocytes or lymphocytes, the immunological tests were negative.

Agglutination↗
PubMed1982

The technique of ureterocystoneostomy in experimental renal orthotopic allotransplantation in the pig.

Experimental orthotopic renal allotransplantation performed in pigs allowed us to verify some techniques of ureterocystoneostomies from the urological point of view. For the reconstruction of the urinary pathways we employed anastomosis in 7 cases, and implantation of the ureter into the bladder in 3 cases, using the antireflux technique in 9 animals and the now common ureteral implantation with the terminal segment of the ureter placed in tunnel serosa in 24 animals. The results of our modification confirm the importance of peritoneal plasty of the terminal ureteral segment for the prevention of urinary fistulas. This technique seems to be applicable to reconstruction of urinary pathways in humans.

Animals↗