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V Gomel

Publications and source records attributed to V Gomel.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

A comparative histologic study on the healing process after tissue transection. II. Carbon dioxide laser and surgical microscissors.

In a previous study we have demonstrated that tissue transection with a carbon dioxide laser produces less carbon and less foreign body reaction than electromicrosurgery. The purpose of this study was to compare the healing process subsequent to transection of the rat uterine horn with carbon dioxide laser and microscissors. Incisions were histologically examined on postoperative days 0, 4, 10, 14, and 21. The following histologic parameters were assessed: scar width; amount of carbon and necrotic debris; number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, lymphocytes, histiocytes, and giant cells; and extent of edema, exudate, and collagen in the scar. The results show that cutting with a carbon dioxide laser causes significantly more necrosis and hence more extensive foreign body reaction than cutting with microscissors.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Chromosome analysis of human oocytes failing to fertilize in vitro.

To assess the contribution of chromosome anomalies to the high failure of in vitro fertilization (IVF), 94 unfertilized eggs from 43 women participating in the IVF program were cytogenetically investigated. The mean age of the oocyte donors was 33.6 years. Chromosome karyotypes were obtained in 65 of 94 oocytes: 34 oocytes (52.3%) had a normal haploid chromosome complement; 10 (15.4%) were hypohaploid; 7 (10.8%) were hyperhaploid; 8 were diploid; and 6 were hypodiploid or hyperdiploid (from 36 to 53). Eleven eggs showed prematurely condensed chromosomes of the G1-phase from sperm, as well as a set of maternal metaphase II chromosomes. These results are compared to similar reports in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Operative laparoscopy versus open abdominal surgery: a comparative study on postoperative adhesion formation in the rat model.

The aim of this study was to compare the occurrence of adhesions after a standard uterine injury inflicted by laparoscopy or by laparotomy during which microsurgical principles were observed. The cross-sectional areas of adhesions involving the uterus were assessed and the 31 rats operated upon laparoscopically were compared with the 30 rats subjected to a laparotomy. The mean area of uterine adhesions formed in the laparotomy group was 4.29 mm2 and 8.88 mm2 in the laparoscopy group. The difference was not statistically significant. The results imply that a standard tissue injury to uterine tissue, whether conducted by laparoscopy or via laparotomy, carries the same potential to induce postoperative adhesions.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1987

Arrested tubal pregnancy.

This communication presents a small series of patients operated on for tubal occlusion resulting from undiagnosed tubal pregnancy. In three of the five patients, tubotubal anastomosis after the resection of the affected tubal segment was performed on a single tube. Two of these three patients achieved viable pregnancies. This fact supports the value of reconstructive tubal microsurgery in arrested tubal pregnancy. The histopathologic findings suggest that chorionic villi are capable of surviving in a recognizable form for at least 15 months after the demise of the tubal pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The effectiveness of CO2 laser and electromicrosurgery in adhesiolysis: a comparative study.

This study was undertaken to assess the relative effectiveness of the CO2 laser and electromicrosurgery in adhesiolysis. Intraperitoneal adhesions were produced in 44 female white rats by inflicting a standard and reproducible injury to the serosa of a specific area of the right uterine horn. At a second intervention, 2 weeks later, the adhesions formed by the initial injury were assessed and division of adhesions effected in a random manner, either with the use of the CO2 laser or with electromicrosurgery, adhering to accepted microsurgical techniques. At a third intervention, results were assessed. The results demonstrate that electromicrosurgery and the CO2 laser are equally effective for adhesiolysis in the rat model.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Comparison of the outcome of ovulation induction therapy in an in vitro fertilization program employing a low-dose and an individually adjusted high-dose schedule of human menopausal gonadotropins.

A low-dose "nonsuperovulation" scheme of ovulation induction (schedule 1: 15 treatment cycles in 13 women) was compared to a high-dose, individually adjusted "controlled-superovulation" scheme of human menopausal gonadotropin administration (schedule 2: 18 treatment cycles in 17 women, with four women also having been treated under schedule 1). In schedule 2 more human menopausal gonadotropin was employed, 17 beta-estradiol plasma levels were higher, and more ova were retrieved per treatment cycle (p less than 0.01) with a higher rate of mature ova (p = 0.001). Also, under this schedule all treatment cycles resulted in successful retrieval of ova, whereas under schedule 1, four cycles (27%) were abandoned before laparoscopy because the follicles had ovulated (p = 0.03). Furthermore, the proportion of embryos cleaving to the two- to four-cell stage were higher under schedule 2 (38 of 53, or 72%) as compared to schedule 1 (13 of 25, or 52%), but this was not statistically significant (p = 0.07). Two pregnancies were conceived under schedule 2 giving a rate of 11% per treatment cycle. It was concluded that schedule 2, the individually adjusted controlled-superovulation scheme of human menopausal gonadotropin administration, was the superior technique of ovulation induction in an in vitro fertilization program.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Microsurgical transposition of the human fallopian tube and ovary with subsequent intrauterine pregnancy.

This is the report of a case of a single left unicornuate uterus in a woman whose ipsilateral tube and ovary had been removed subsequent to a left tubal pregnancy. On the right side were present an ovary and a short oviduct (composed of infundibulum and ampulla) immobilized high on the pelvic side wall. Surgical transposition of the right ovary and tube with preservation of their vascular supply permitted anastomosis between the left intramural and the right ampullary tubal segments. The ovary was mobilized to restore a proper spatial relationship with the fimbrial extremity of the tube. In the third postoperative cycle, the patient was successful in achieving an intrauterine pregnancy and has now been delivered of a normal live infant. The potential of microsurgical techniques in restoring fertility in the face of unusual pelvic anatomy is reiterated.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The role of prostaglandin F in the symptoms of endometriosis.

Prostaglandin F (PGF) levels in endometriotic tissue in vitro have been shown to be higher than the levels in healthy ovarian tissue and uterine endometrium. The results of a study of nine women with endometriosis support this finding and suggest that prostaglandins have an important role in the pathogenesis of the symptoms and infertility in such women.

Endometritis↗
PubMed1983

Histologic reaction to four synthetic microsutures in the rabbit.

Histologic reaction to nylon, polypropylene, polyglactin-910, and polydioxanone microsutures was assessed in the uterine horn of the rabbit. At 24 days after insertion of the microsuture, a marked infiltration of histiocytes was seen around the nylon, polypropylene, and polydioxanone microsutures, whereas the reaction to polyglactin-910 was characterized by the presence of giant cells. At 80 days after insertion of the microsutures, the polydioxanone was almost entirely absorbed and the reaction to polyglactin-910 was minimal. Moderate histiocytic infiltration persisted around the nylon and polypropylene sutures. Fibrosis was also detected around the nylon and polypropylene sutures at 80 days, but not at all around the polydioxanone and polyglactin-910 sutures. We conclude that polydioxanone leaves little or no tissue reaction at 80 days in the uterine horn of the rabbit.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Salpingo-ovariolysis by laparoscopy in infertility.

Lysis of periadnexal adhesions (salpingo-ovariolysis) by laparoscopy was performed on 92 infertile patients who subsequently have been followed for at least 9 months. In each instance, the duration of infertility was longer than 20 months. Periadnexal adhesions were severe in most cases and moderate in the remainder. Moreover, only those cases where ovum pickup by the oviduct with the lesser pathology was deemed impossible or greatly hampered were included in this series. There were no significant postoperative complications. Of the total of 92 patients, 57 (62%) achieved at least one intrauterine pregnancy, 54 (58.7%) had one or more full-term pregnancies, and 5 patients (5.4%) had ectopic pregnancies. With appropriately selected patients and in trained hands, laparoscopic salpingo-ovariolysis is a low-risk procedure associated with a surprisingly good success rate. It can be performed on a day-care basis with considerable savings to the patient in terms of both hospital stay and avoidance of major abdominal surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Surgical correction of sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease.

Early diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and treatment with appropriate doses and types of antibiotics that take into account the polymicrobial etiology of this condition are essential to prevent future infertility. That PID frequently is subacute or relatively asymptomatic argues in favor of a more liberal use of laparoscopy in the diagnosis of this condition. The sequelae of PID that cause infertility can be assessed with the judicious use of hysterosalpingography and laparoscopy. These procedures are complementary. Hysteroscopy is of more limited value. Operative laparoscopy has proven to be useful in restoring fertility in appropriately selected cases. In many instances laparotomy can be replaced successfully with laparoscopic procedures, which offer many advantages. The introduction of microsurgery has significantly improved the success rate associated with reconstructive infertility operations. The successes associated with a new therapeutic modality, in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer (ET), although modest, have been improving in the past three years. Reconstructive microsurgery and IVF/ET are complementary treatments for infertility. A thorough investigation of the infertile couple, with meticulous attention given to the various fertility parameters, individualization and a rational approach to treatment with these two modalities will undoubtedly improve the overall results.

Embryo Transfer↗
PubMed1983

Preovulatory ovum harvest and transfer to sterile and infective hydrosalpinges in the rabbit.

Preovulatory ova were harvested from ovarian follicles of eight doe rabbits and transferred into chronic sterile hydrosalpinges induced by infundibular ligation in four rabbits and into chronic infective hydrosalpinges in another four rabbits. Afterwards, normal pregnancies implanted in the uterine horns on the side of the transfer procedures in all four sterile hydrosalpinx rabbits, but in none of the uterine horns of the chronic infective hydrosalpinx group. This points to sequelae of infection rather than simple dilation of the oviductal ampulla as the more potent cause of infertility in the rabbit.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Metabolism of testosterone by human granulosa cells in culture: influence of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone.

Human granulosa cells were isolated from follicles (8 to 15 mm) and cultivated for 24 hours in the presence or absence of follicle-stimulating hormone (NIH-FSH-HS-1, 1 microgram/ml) and luteinizing hormone (NIAMDD-hLH-1, 1 microgram/ml). Testosterone -4-14C was added subsequently to all cultures for 4-, 6-, and 24-hour periods. Of the seven metabolites of testosterone studied, 17 beta-estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1) were the major products. In all patients, levels of E2 were three to ten times higher than those of E1. Production of E2, but not E1, was stimulated by either follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) or luteinizing hormone (LH). The cells of the largest follicle (15 mm) showed greater response to LH than to FSH. Production of the other C19 and C18 metabolites was very low or negligible. These results further suggest that FSH regulates the aromatization of testosterone in human granulosa cells, and that LH may have the same effect on the matured follicle during the preovulatory period.

Adult↗