Clinical and radiological evaluation of 19 patients with injury to the ethmoid bones following cranio-facial trauma is presented. The correlation of ethmoid trauma and damage to neighbouring structures is discussed. Two cases with damage to the orbits are demonstrated. These findings indicate that orbital involvement is relatively infrequent in association with ethmoid cell trauma. However, when it does occur, severe complications, such as infection and loss of vision may result. Early evaluation by computed tomography is the key to accurate diagnosis and prevention of these complications. Computed tomography is of inestimable value in the detection of minute and subtle bone fragmentation and sequelae.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Glioma of the anterior optic pathways.

A 10-month-old girl presented with visual loss in the right eye associated with bilateral optic atrophy. The suggestive clinical diagnosis was an optic nerve glioma. The computerized tomographic findings were unusual in that symmetric bilateral involvement of the anterior visual pathways were present. The radiological diagnosis of an optic glioma was histologically confirmed.

Cranial Nerve Neoplasms↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Computerized tomography in conditions concomitantly involving the orbits and the paranasal sinuses.

Forty-three patients with computerized tomographic (CT) findings demonstrating concomitant orbital and paranasal sinus involvement are presented. Exophthalmos was the most common presenting symptom. Ethmoid and maxillary sinuses were most commonly affected. CT findings were of help in evaluating the extent of the various disease processes and are mandatory for treatment planning. Attention is drawn to the common association of paranasal lesion and ophthalmic manifestations. The combination of clinical presentation and radiological findings might indicate certain etiologies.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Congenital Leber amaurosis, keratoconus, and mental retardation in familial juvenile nephronophtisis.

Two siblings suffering from congenital Leber amaurosis were found to be affected also by juvenile nephronophtisis. Keratoconus in one child and mental retardation in the other developed during their later growth. An extensive laboratory study showed normal results but revealed an impaired urinary concentrating ability. The hereditary pattern operating in this complex disease was found to be consistent with an autosomal recessive trait.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Eyelid involvement as the presenting manifestation of discoid lupus erythematosus.

A case with discoid lupus erythematosus was diagnosed by a palpebral lesion as the initial manifestation of her disease. Lid skin biopsy confirmed the diagnosis. Awareness to such unusual localization of discoid lupus erythematosus can lead to an early discovery of the skin disease.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Hypocalcemic cataract.

A 19-year-old male with advanced renal failure developed bilateral cataracts indistinguishable from those considered characteristic of calcium deficiency. The biochemical findings during the dialysis treatment showed severe hypocalcemic episodes. A hypothetical mechanism to explain this kind of cataract is mentioned.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Pitfall of acquired ocular torticollis.

Following a posttraumatic concussion syndrome, a 24-year-old female presented at left clavicular fracture and dislocation with a compensatory head posture thought to be due to her sternocleidomastoid muscle involvement. Further investigation disclosed the existence of a concomitant superior oblique muscle palsy seemingly also of traumatic origin. The clinical course and the constellation of her symptoms are described.

Clavicle↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Benign palsy of superior oblique muscle.

Thirteen patients with nontraumatic superior oblique muscle palsy were examined during a four to seven year follow-up period. Extensive investigations disclosed no underlying systemic or neurologic diseases. In all patients a quick improvement and recovery of the motility imbalance occurred spontaneously in about 10 weeks, suggesting a benign prognosis in the condition.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Ocular deficiencies in deaf children.

In a sample of 150 deaf children, 45.3% were found to present ocular anomalies interfering with good vision. This high frequency of visual impairment contributes to the low-level functioning and lack of normal developmental drives characteristic of deaf children. Early identification, competent diagnosis and appropriate intervention by a team of specialists are required in the treatment of such cases.

Abducens Nerve↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Rod monochromatism -- an incomplete form.

An incomplete form of rod monochromatism is described in a young man with normal visual acuity and absence of nystagmus or photophobia. ERG showed normal threshold sensitivity in white and blue lights but virtual absence of the first portion of response in red light. The sensory threshold curve lacked the typical rod-cone discontinuity, whereas the curve after full dark adaptation was normal. It is suggested that the condition is due to atypical disfunction of the cones.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Spiral looping of retinal artery.

An isolated retinal vascular anomaly in the form of an arterial loop is presented in a 32-year-old male. This loop originated on the retina beyond the optic disc border and returned to the lower branch of the central artery on the retinal tissue after making six spirals. The retinal circulatory dynamics of this eye, defined by fluorescein angiography, was observed over a period of 12 years with no loss of function to the involved eye.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Retrobulbar neuritis and central serous chorioretinopathy.

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Adult↗