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Biomedical subjects

V Eusebi

Publications and source records attributed to V Eusebi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Albumin mRNA and pCEA in the histopathologic diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma].

Extrahepatic neoplasms metastatic to the liver histologically are often indistinguishable from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The differential diagnosis between HCC and metastatic liver tumours can be even more difficult in ultrasound guided fine-needle biopsies. Purpose of the present study was to investigate the utility of immunohistochemical staining with polyclonal anticarcinoembryonic antigen (pCEA) antibody and of in situ hybridization (ISH) revealing human albumin mRNA, with emphasis on tissues obtained via fine-needle procedure. Cases consisted of 52 primary HCC; 2 HCC metastatic to vertebral bones; 18 tumours metastatic to the liver; 24 non-hepatocellular tumours metastatic to the skin, lymph nodes and brain; 2 immature teratomas with areas of hepatoid differentiation. Forty-seven HCC (90%) and 7 liver metastases (38%) were obtained by ultrasound guided fine-needle biopsies (21 g needle was used). All the remaining cases were surgical specimens. All the cases were studied with immunohistochemistry for pCEA and ISH using a cRNA probe for human albumin mRNA. The immunohistochemical staining using pCEA showed a canalicular type of positivity in 37 cases of HCC (71%), in one HCC metastatic to vertebral bone and in the hepatoid areas of one immature teratoma. No canalicular type of positivity was obtained in non-hepatocellular neoplasms metastatic to the skin, brain, lymph-nodes and liver. Albumin mRNA was detected in 51 (98%) primary HCC, in both HCC bone metastases, and in the hepatoid areas of both immature teratomas. No positivity was obtained in non-hepatocellular tumours. The data here obtained indicate that immunostaining with pCEA and ISH revealing human albumin mRNA are markers of hepatocellular differentiation and confirm their diagnostic utility. Detection of albumin mRNA showed a higher sensitivity. In addition the cRNA probe here used seems more sensitive that the oligonucleotide probes employed in previous studies.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[Quality control of the "M. Malpighi" Anatomy, Histology, and Pathologic Cytology Section, Oncology Department, University of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital].

The quality control scheme in use at the Department of Anatomic Pathology of the University of Bologna-Bellaria Hospital Since 1993 a quality assurance (QA) scheme has been set up in our Department, modified from the protocol in use at the Department of Pathology of Yale University and published by J. Rosai in his textbook. A QA committee has been appointed and each member is responsible for a specific branch of the total workload; the areas involved are: 1. review of frozen section diagnoses with the final diagnoses 2. randomized review of biopsies (1:25) 3. quality control of cytological cases 4. quality control of specimen adequacy 5. quality control of immunohistochemistry and in situ Hybridization 6. quality control of the cytogenetics laboratory 7. quality control of autopsies All data collected from january 1996 to february 1999 have been reviewed and analyzed in order to provide references for other laboratories and for the purpose of monitoring our laboratory' performance.

Hospitals, University↗
PubMed1998

Molecular characterization of intraductal breast carcinomas.

In situ duct carcinoma (DCIS) is a heterogeneous group of lesions which has recently been subdivided into three types: well-differentiated (type I), intermediately differentiated (type II) and poorly differentiated (type III) DCIS. Fourteen cases of DCIS and 11 of DCIS with minimal invasion were analysed for mRNA levels of beta-actin, EGFR, c-cerbB2, MTS1, k-ras, RB, BRCA1, cyclin E, and c-myc genes. A microdissection technique was used on paraffin-embedded tissue. A statistically significantly higher expression of cyclin E oncogene and MTS1 tumor suppressor gene was seen in type III DCIS than in the other types, while no significant differences in the mRNA expression patterns of the other genes were observed. These data are consistent with the fact that poorly differentiated DCIS is a readily recognizable class of tumours that have a particularly aggressive behaviour and probably unique histogenesis.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1998

Carcinomas of the breast showing myoepithelial cell differentiation. A review of the literature.

Myoepithelial cells are normally located between the epithelial cells and the basal lamina of secretory elements of exocrine glands. Their role in the histogenesis of breast tumours has been studied extensively, and a definite differentiation towards myoepithelial cells has been demonstrated in adenoid cystic carcinoma, adenomyoepithelioma, low-grade adenosquamous (syringomatous) carcinoma, pure malignant myoepithelioma and poorly differentiated myoepithelial-rich breast carcinoma. All these tumours are of low malignancy, with the exception of malignant myoepithelioma and poorly differentiated myoepithelial-rich carcinoma. When a low-grade tumour is associated with a spindle cell component, distant metastases must be expected. Pure malignant myoepithelioma shows morphological and clinical features similar to those of monophasic sarcomatoid carcinomas, and it is possible that this last tumour is linked histogenetically to sarcomatoid carcinomas.

Actins↗
PubMed1998

Mammary foam cells. Characterization by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization.

Cells showing abundant, finely vacuolized cytoplasm (foam cells) are found frequently in most benign lesions of the breast and in certain malignant breast tumours. The origin of mammary foam cells (FCs) has not been clarified, and we therefore studied the morphological features of mammary FCs in a series of 50 benign lesions. The FCs were subdivided, on the basis of their distribution into FCs lining the glandular lumina, intraluminal FCs, intraepithelial-pagetoid FCs, and stromal FCs. The lesions were tested with a panel of antibodies against macrophage (MAC 387, CD68) and epithelial (epithelial membrane antigen [EMA], gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 [GCDFP15] and cytokeratin) markers. The lesions were examined for the presence of PIP/GCDFP15-specific mRNA by an in situ hybridization technique. Three different types of FCs were identified. Type A FCs are epithelial cells (positivity with EMA and cytokeratin) and show apocrine differentiation (positivity with GCDFP15 antiserum and expression of PIP/GCDFP15 mRNA). Type B FCs are of macrophage origin, as they are positive with the macrophage markers and lack cytokeratin and PIP/GCDFP15 mRNA. Finally, type C FCs show an intermediate profile between an epithelial cell and a macrophage: they are both CD68 and GCDFP15 positive and show a thin peripheral rim of positivity with anti-cytokeratin antibody. They lack PIP/GCDFP15 mRNA. Our results indicate the possibility of a spectrum of phenotypes in mammary FCs, from epithelial-apocrine cells to macrophage-derived phagocytic cells.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1998

Merkel cell differentiation in trichoblastoma.

Four cases of trichoblastoma rich in Merkel cells (MCs) are reported. They occurred in two men and two women, with ages ranging from 58 to 76 years (mean 67.5 years). MCs were detected immunohistochemically with antibodies to keratin 20, chromogranin A and neuron-specific enolase (NSE). In an attempt at better definition of the nature and role of MCs in trichoblastoma, the distribution of MCs in normal adult and fetal skins obtained at autopsy was studied. In addition, ten cases of sebaceous naevus of Jadassohn (NSJ) were evaluated along similar lines. MCs made up 2-20% of the tumour cells in trichoblastomas; they were present in normal fetal skin and were rare in normal adult skin. All but one of the cases of NSJ showed numerous positive cells in the epidermal component of the lesion with all three antibodies. Six basal cell carcinomas and one syringocystadenoma papilliferum associated with NSJ were negative with keratin 20, chromogranin A and NSE antibodies, whereas a minute trichoblastoma arising against the same background was positive for these markers. Hair follicle cell tumours may recapitulate the skin embryogenesis, as numerous MCs are present in fetal follicles, but only occasional such cells are seen in adult skin.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Albumin gene expression in adenocarcinomas with hepatoid differentiation.

Two cases of hepatoid adenocarcinomas were studied with an in situ hybridization technique (ISH) using a RNA probe for human albumin mRNA. In case 1 the urinary bladder of a 67-year-old woman was affected; in case 2 the tumour was located in the gastric antrum of an 80-year-old woman. In neither case had alpha fetoprotein (AFP) been determined preoperatively. Histologically these cases showed adenocarcinomatous features intermingled with hepatoid areas. These latter areas were characterized by cords of polygonal cells, each with an oval nucleus and prominent nucleoli, separated by a fine network of sinusoids. In the hepatoid areas the immunohistochemical profile was similar to that observed in hepatocellular carcinomas, in that the tumour cells were positive with AFP, alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AAT) and albumin antisera and there was a canalicular type of reactivity with polyclonal anti-CEA (pCEA) antibody. ISH revealed albumin mRNA in virtually all hepatoid cells in case 1, and in about 50% of those in case 2. In addition, in case 2 occasional cells in the adenocarcinomatous areas showed albumin transcripts of ISH. Our findings confirm that ISH for albumin mRNA probe is a valuable method of establishing hepatocellular differentiation, and that hepatoid adenocarcinomas are tumours with true extrahepatic hepatocellular differentiation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

Prognosticating tools in primary neuroendocrine (Merkel-cell) carcinomas of the skin: histopathological subdivision, DNA cytometry, cell proliferation analyses (Ki-67-immunoreactivity) and NCAM immunohistochemistry. A clinicopathological study in 25 patients.

Histopathologically, 18 of our patients had classical Merkel-cell carcinomas (MCC); seven had neuroendocrine (NE) carcinomas with features different from MCC, here called "aberrant MCC". These patients showed a progressive neoplastic disease with a fatal outcome in four of them. The cytometric DNA distribution pattern of the tumor cell nuclei of all the aberrant MCCs was found to be of the aneuploid type. By contrast, the neoplastic disease of the majority of patients with classical MCC ran a milder course; a fatal outcome occurred in only one of them. Here, the DNA ploidy pattern was of the euploid (diploid or tetraploid) type in eight cases and of the aneuploid type in another eight. Our recently described "proliferation cell index" (PCI), based on nuclear immunoreactivity (IR) with the proliferation "marker" antigen Ki-67, was significantly lower in those five MCCs of the classical "DNA-diploid" type than in the seven "DNA-aneuploid" ones. These five patients presented a mild neoplastic disease; only one had a local recurrence and none had metastases. Otherwise, neither the PCI values nor the NCAM IR of the MCC cells were found to be of any prognostic significance.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Oncocytic carcinoma (malignant oncocytoma) of the breast.

Three cases of oncocytic carcinoma of the breast observed in two women and one man are reported. One tumor was in situ and two were invasive. All three tumors were composed mostly of cells with "low-grade" nuclei and abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm. More than 70% of the neoplastic population in each case was immunoreactive with an antimitochondrion antibody. The presence of numerous mitochondria also was demonstrated at the ultrastructural level. Apocrine cells and oncocytes share similar morphologic features at the hematoxylin-eosin level; however, there are some differences that allow a confident distinction between these two cell types. Mitochondria in apocrine cells usually are in a perinuclear location and are not so numerous and diffusely dispersed as in oncocytes. In addition, apocrine cells display features of active secretory elements: prominent microvilli, well-developed Golgi complex, and electron dense secretory granules polarized toward the luminal pole; all these features were lacking in the three cases described. The cells constituting the present cases were not positive at the immunohistochemical and molecular levels for GCDFP-15/PIP mRNA, which are typical markers of apocrine differentiation. We suspect that mammary oncocytoma is a more common tumor than the meager number of reported cases suggests.

Adenoma, Oxyphilic↗
PubMed1998

In vivo single voxel 1H MRS of glial brain tumors: correlation with tissue histology and in vitro MRS.

Eighteen patients affected by glial brain tumors were examined by localized single voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS). For all patients histological diagnosis was obtained after stereotactic biopsy or surgical removal of the tumor. Histological nuclear atypia, tumor cellularity, necrosis, vascular proliferation and percentage of Ki-67 positive cells in the total cell populations were evaluated. It was found that some of the in vivo 1H MRS parameters were related to the histological features of the tumor. In particular, the Choi/Cri metabolite ratio obtained from the neoplastic tissues paralleled the Ki-67 cell proliferation index. For some of the patients 1H and 13C in vitro high resolution magnetic spectroscopy of surgical specimens was also carried out. 1H MRS of aqueous extracts from different biopsy specimens of the same tumor furnished fine biochemical information on intratumor heterogeneity. The degree of histological vascular proliferation of the tumor was correlated to the presence of cholesteryl esters in the 13C spectrum of the lipid fraction of surgical specimens.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Epi-myoepithelial tumor (adenomyoepithelioma) of the vulva: case report].

A 29 years old woman was admitted with a nodule of the left labium major. The histological diagnosis was that of epi-myoepithelial tumour (adenomyoepithelioma). Aim of this paper is to recognize epi-myoepithelial tumours in unusual locations from those classically described (i.e., skin, breast and salivary glands) and to understand their biological behaviour.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Gastrointestinal autonomic nerve tumor (GANT) associated with Von Recklinghausen's disease].

Here we describe a case of gastrointestinal autonomic nerve tumor (GANT) arosen in a patient with von Recklinghausen's disease. To the best of our knowledge, only four other similar cases have been previously reported in the literature. Histologically, the tumour was composed of spindle shaped cells arranged in short bundles. The neoplastic cells had pleomorphic nuclei and numerous mitoses. Immunohistochemical investigation displayed evidence of neural differentiation. Neoplastic cells were diffusely anti-synaptophysin, anti-neuron specific enolase and anti-vimentin positive. The clinicopathological features of the present case are described and discussed together with those of the other previously reported cases.

Autonomic Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1998

[Cytogenetic analysis of hypophyseal adenoma. Study of 9 cases and review of the literature].

INTRODUCTION: To the best of our knowledge, no specific chromosomal abnormalities have been found in the literature in pituitary adenomas. In the present study, we investigated 9 cases of pituitary adenoma and reviewed the current literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine cases of pituitary adenoma have been studied with immunohistochemistry and cytogenetic using short-term cultures. RESULTS: All tumors had a normal karyotype. Three cases were clinically non-secreting adenomas, three cases produced prolactin, two showed growth hormone production and one thyroid-stimulating hormone. One of the cases showed dural invasion. CONCLUSIONS: We compared our results with those published in the current literature. It appears that pituitary adenomas do not have specific numerical and structural abnormalities and mostly show a normal karyotype.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1998

[Follicular dendritic cell tumor and unusual vascular lesion in lymph node with Castleman's disease. Description of a case].

INTRODUCTION: A case of follicular dendritic cell tumour arising in a lymph-node with Castleman's disease, hyaline-vascular type and associated with a vascular lesion of the capsule is described. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The lesion is documented by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The patient is a 57 year old man with a large extrathoracic mass showing the combination of the lesions previously mentioned. In addition, he was found to have metastatic deposits in a cervical lymph-node and in the bone. He underwent radiotherapy and died shortly after with post-therapeutical complications. DISCUSSION: The present case constitutes the second report of follicular dendritic cell tumour associated with Castleman's disease and a benign vascular lesion. This association is discussed.

Arteriovenous Malformations↗
PubMed1998

Consistency achieved by 23 European pathologists in categorizing ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast using five classifications. European Commission Working Group on Breast Screening Pathology.

The increased detection of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) by mammographic screening, the greater use of breast-conserving surgery, and the recognition that certain histological subtypes are associated with a greater risk of local recurrence has led to the formulation of several new classifications of DCIS in recent years. There are, however, no data concerning the degree of consistency with which these schemes can be applied by reasonable numbers of pathologists. Thirty-three cases of DCIS were thus examined by a working group of 23 European pathologists who categorized them using five recently published classifications: (1) that of the European Pathologists' Working Group based on differentiation (a combination of nuclear grade and cell polarization) with categories of poorly, intermediately, and well differentiated; (2) one based entirely on nuclear grade with categories of high, intermediate, and low, currently in use in the UK national and EC-funded breast screening programs; (3) the same classification in which only two categories, high nuclear grade and other, were used; (4) the Van Nuys system in which lesions are divided into high grade, non-high grade with necrosis and non-high grade without necrosis; and (5) a two-category classification based entirely on the presence or absence of comedo necrosis. Of the three systems with three categories, Van Nuys gave the highest overall kappa statistic of 0.42. Others gave similar values of 0.37 and 0.35 showing that assessing cell polarization in addition to nuclear grade neither improves nor worsens consistency. In all three systems, the middle category was associated with the lowest value for kappa. Of the two systems with two categories, that based on nuclear grade gave the highest overall kappa of 0.46 and that based on comedo necrosis the lowest of 0.34. The most robust histological features were thus high- and low-grade nuclei and necrosis as long as the latter did not involve the recognition of a comedo growth pattern. These values probably represent the maximum achievable, at least by reasonable numbers of pathologists in everyday practice. They are better than those previously reported for classification based entirely on architecture, but further improvement is needed.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1998

[Actinomyces infection in a compound odontoma].

INTRODUCTION: Compound odontoma is an abnormal development of dental tissue which is characterized by regular and ordinate structures that resemble a normal tooth. Actinomyces is an abnormal inhabitant of the oral cavity which is able to become pathological whenever the specific or non specific defense mechanisms of an individual may fail. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Described is a case of 60 years old male with no deficit of his immune system confirmed by various analysis. There is one year history of an intermittent pain to the left half of his mandible. An x-ray suggests an odontoma. The gengiva, near the lesion, appears to be ulcerated; two fistulous tracts with the oral mucosa and one with the skin area are seen. After decalcification the tissue obtained from the lesion has been fixed in formalin and included in paraffin. The slides were stained with Haematoxilin-Eosin, PAS and Grocott's silver method. RESULTS: The lesion consists of well differentiated enamel and dentin including a fragment of the pulp featuring the typical aspects of compound odontoma. In addition the pulp shows an intense infiltration of granulocytes, plasma cells and numerous capillaries; around the pulp an extensive area of necrosis is present, in which there are eosinophilic aggregates of amorphic and granular matrix suggestive of an infection by actinomyces. This was confirmed with PAS and by an intense urgyrophilia. CONCLUSION: Described is a case of compound odontoma complicated by an actinomycosis infection in a patient with a well functioning immune system which appears to be the first case reported in the literature, to the best of our knowledge.

Actinomycosis↗