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Biomedical subjects

V E Sinitsyn

Publications and source records attributed to V E Sinitsyn.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Localization of motor and speech cortex in the brain with functional magnetic resonance tomography].

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used for non-invasive mapping of cerebral cortex. The purpose of the study was evaluation of applicability of functional MRI for studies of neurosurgical patients. 32 volunteers (mean age 37.8 +/- 20.9 years) and 16 patients with brain tumors (mean age 36.2 +/- 24.2 years) were included in the study. Statistical analysis of the data obtained was performed. Activation maps were superimposed on anatomical images and discussed with neurosurgeons. Functional MRI studies were successful in localising the motor cortex and Broca's area in 89% of cases. In 69% of cases, results of the functional MRI influenced the patients' treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Development of clinical MR imaging in Russia and other CIS countries.

This paper summarizes the development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the health systems of the USSR and later in Russia and the neighboring countries. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has been used as a scientific tool in the USSR since the 1940s. In 1982 the first whole-body MR imager was installed. By the end of 1999, 131 MR systems were operating in Russia. There are substantial regional differences in the number of units installed. Russia has a domestic production of low-field MR units. There are also plans for domestic production of MR contrast agents. Other former USSR republics have much less MR equipment. Most of the MRI centers experience difficulties in maintaining equipment in working condition. Some positive changes in the national health service systems give reason to believe in an increase in the quantity of MR units and the quality of their clinical use.

Europe, Eastern↗
PubMed2001

[Changes in aortic elasticity in aged patients with essential arterial hypertension].

Aortic elasticity was studied in aged patients with mild and moderate arterial hypertension using magnetic resonance imaging. The analysis of changes in cross section area (CSA) of the ascending aorta in systole has shown that in some patients maximal CSA occurs in different systolic phases while in the other patients CSA remains unchanged. Calculation with the elasticity rate proved that patients with maximal aortic diameter at the beginning of the systole have maximal aortic elasticity while those with minimal changes in aortic diameter in the course of the systole have minimal elasticity. Thus, in aged patients with mild and moderate essential hypertension aortic wall loses its elasticity to different extent. Further studies will specify clinical and pathogenetic implications of reduced aortic elasticity in arterial hypertension.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[The differential diagnosis of avascular necrosis of the temporomandibular joint in systemic lupus erythematosus].

Eight patients with facial skull abnormalities with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and temporomandibular involvement were examined. In 4 patients mandibular deformation was caused by erosive arthritis and in 4 others by aseptic necrosis of the temporomandibular joint. Clinical and x-ray characteristics, magnetic resonance and computer tomography findings in the two groups are compared. A detailed protocol for differential diagnosis of temporomandibular joint involvement in SLE is developed.

Arthritis↗
PubMed2000

[Noninvasive methods of the examination in surgery of obliterating atherosclerosis of lower extremity arteries].

The purpose of the study was to determine surgical policy in atherosclerotic lesions of aorta and lower extremities arteries on the basis on non-invasive diagnostic methods--duplex scanning (DS) and computer tomographic angiography (CTA). From 1998 to 1999 47 patients were examined on this program (DS + CTA). At the first stage of the study, 17 patients underwent translumbal aorto-arteriography at the same time with DS and CTA. Analysis of the angiograms revealed that sensitivity of angiography for detection of lesions in aorto-iliac segment was 94%, in femoro-popliteal segment--78%. Diagnostic mistakes were associated with partial thrombosis of aneurysm's lumen, as a result of which the aorta looked non-dilated in angiograms. Femoral arteries contrasted unsatisfactory in 4 patients because of low collateral blood velocity distal to occlusion of iliac arteries. Initial segments of deep and superficial femoral arteries closed each other in angiograms on anterior-posterior projection, and it also led to low potential of angiography in assessment of femoral arteries state. Complex of non-invasive diagnostic methods (DS + CTA) allowed to correct diagnosis in each case. The methods complemented one another: CTA permitted to make three-dimensional reconstruction of vascular tree and to study its on various projections; DS--to study the vascular wall's state and hemodynamical parameters of blood flow. At the second stage of the study, high sensitivity of DS and CTA allowed to reject traditional angiography in preoperative period. Intraoperative findings confirmed the provisional diagnosis completely.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Electron computed tomography of coronary arteries-- a new tool for diagnosis of ischemic heart disease and coronary atherosclerosis].

AIM: To evaluate diagnostic potential of electron computed tomography (ECT) in quantitation of calcinosis of coronary arteries (CA) compared to data provided by coronaroangiography (CAG). MATERIAL AND METHODS: ECT of CA was performed in 142 patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) who had previously undergone CAG and in 75 patients free of IHD. Eligible were the calcinates with density over 130 units by Hounsfield and area more than 1.03 mm2 located in the CA projection. RESULTS: Sensitivity of the method was 91%, specificity--68%. IHD patients and those free of IHD differed by calcium index (477.1 +/- 700.7 and 6.49 +/- 19.35 units, respectively; p = 0.00001). The calcium index increased with age and severity of coronary atherosclerosis depending both on the number of affected vessels and the degree of their stenosis. In segment-by-segment analysis of the tomograms coincidence of CAG and ECT results occurred in 89% of the cases. CONCLUSION: CA ECT is applicable for diagnosis of atherosclerotic affection of the coronary arteries.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[The problem of the accurate noninvasive diagnosis of left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy in essential hypertension: the role of magnetic resonance tomography].

MR-tomography was compared to echocardiography for efficacy in diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy in 55 patients with stage II essential (WHO criteria). Left ventricular myocardial mass estimated at echocardiography appeared significantly greater than this mass estimated at MR tomography: 244.0 +/- 9.0 g (MRT) and 359.8 +/- 15.6 g (echo-CG), respectively (p < 0.001).

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Magnetic resonance tomography of the heart and major vessels in patients with pulmonary hypertension].

Potentialities of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been studied for evaluation of patients with pulmonary hypertension. For this purpose 54 patients with primary and secondary pulmonary hypertension have been studied using resistive and superconductive MRI systems. MRI proved useful for determination of the cause of pulmonary hypertension (primary, secondary), assessment of the right heart chambers. The cine-MRI enabled detection of tricuspid and pulmonary regurgitation, paradoxical movement of the interventricular septum, thrombi in the pulmonary artery. There were some correlations between MRI parameters and indexes of pulmonary hemodynamics. As a non-invasive imaging modality MRI has a great diagnostic value in characterization of the heart and great vessels in patients with pulmonary hypertension.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[The characteristics of the intracardiac hemodynamics in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: the role of cine-magnetic resonance tomography].

Cine-magnetic resonance (CMR) tomography was assessed for ability to determine cardiac function and structure in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HTCM). CMR tomography findings were compared to those of two-dimension and doppler-echocardiography, cardiac catheterization. The trial entered 16 patients with obstructive, 22 patients with nonobstructive HTCM and 14 healthy controls. CMR tomography was performed on a superconducting tomograph (1.5 T) in synchronism with ECG. CMR tomography helped detect obstruction for the blood outflowing from the left ventricle. This was impossible with the use of spin-echo. It also defined area and volume of low-intensity regions. CMR tomography proved sensitive in bringing out mitral regurgitation, the results being close to those of doppler-echocardiography. Opportunities of MRT in HTCM gets expanded in cine-regimen as it provides additional information on cardiac function and intracardiac hemodynamics.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[The effect of Lomir (isradipine) on the tolerance for physical loading and on the gas exchange indices of patients with primary pulmonary hypertension].

Spirometry and bicycle ergometry were performed before and 3 weeks, 6 months after lomir treatment (mean dose 10.62 +/- 2.59 mg/day) of 8 patients with primary pulmonary hypertension. It was found that 3 weeks of the treatment produced a significant increase in the maximum power working capacity and performance, in 6 months of the treatment there were positive trends in gas exchange: anaerobic threshold became higher and maximum oxygen consumption rose. Thus, lomir is recommended for management of primary pulmonary hypertension as it improves exercise tolerance and gas exchange measured by means of spirometry and bicycle ergometry useful both for evaluating functional condition of the patients and the disease advance as well as its response to the therapy conducted.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Comparative evaluation of diagnostic methods in thymus disease].

From analysis of the case records of 2,000 patients with the generalized form of myasthenia, who underwent operation at the surgical faculty clinic of the Moscow Medical Academy, the authors discuss in detail the results of using a wide spectrum of methods for examination of the thymus, including: pneumomediastinography (PMG), scintigraphy, phlebography, computed and magnetoresonance tomography (CT and MRT). Taking into account the sensitivity and specificity of each of these methods, the indications and contraindications, and the degree of invasiveness, the authors concluded that MR tomography is the method of choice for examination of the thymus. It yields the rechest information and is most simple and safe for the patient. They also noted that CT made it possible to locate the pathological process more exactly, and provided additional information on the degree of the invasion, the presence of implants, and the condition of the other mediastinal organs. The indications for phlebography of the thymus and PMG are limited because of their invasiveness, difficult techniques, high risk of complications, and relatively low informativeness. Scintigraphy of the thymus is the least informative examination method. In view of the high percentage of pseudopositive and pseudonegative results, it may be concluded that its use for detecting lesions of the thymus in patients with myasthenia is hardly expedient.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

[Anaerobic threshold in patients with chronic circulatory insufficiency].

To evaluate the severity of chronic circulatory insufficiency (CCI), 12 healthy subjects and 69 patients with cardiovascular diseases underwent exercise testing. Parameters such as anaerobic threshold (AT) and peak oxygen consumption (peak VO2) were measured by respiratory gas analysis to assess the circulatory insufficiency. AT decreased with an increase in New York Heart Association functional class and amounted to 18.9 +/- 4.3, 14.5 +/- 3.5, 11.6 +/- 2.9, and 7.5 +/- 2.0 ml/min/kg in Classes 1, 2, 3, 4, respectively. The peak VO2 decreased as hCCI progressed. The findings suggest that the parameters of external respiration and gas exchange are closely associated with CCI pathophysiology. The parameters may be used as objective and valid criteria for the severity of CCI and its dynamics in the course of treatment.

Adult↗