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Biomedical subjects

V E Jones

Publications and source records attributed to V E Jones.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Immune complexes in early arthritis. II. Immune complex constituents are synthesized in the synovium before rheumatoid factors.

Synovial fluids and paired sera taken from patients either before, after or at the time of diagnosis of definite rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were compared with samples from patients with unclassified inflammatory arthropathies (IA). Raised levels of immune complexes (IC) were detected in some RA patients by C1q binding activity but in the majority of both RA and IA patients by the platelet aggregation test; levels were usually higher in joint fluids than in sera. IgM rheumatoid factors (RF) and IgA RFs were lower in synovial fluids but IgF RF levels were similar in matched samples. Synovial fluid to serum albumin ratios were used to estimate synovial permeability (inflammation) and then to calculate which patients synthesized macromolecules locally in the synovium. Local synthesis of RFs was detected in a greater proportion of RA than IA patients and only two patients formed RFs locally in the first months of symptoms. Half the patients in both groups however appeared to synthesize or trap IC constituents and in many patients there was evidence of local synthesis within 6 months after their symptoms had started. We conclude that local synthesis of large amounts of RFs is uncommon in the early stages of RA but that IC of unknown composition are synthesized or localized in the affected joints of many patients with RA and inflammatory arthropathies shortly after their symptoms appear.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Immune complexes in early arthritis. L Detection of immune complexes before rheumatoid arthritis is definite.

Fifty-three patients with early arthritis were studied longitudinally for up to 3 years. During this time, 24 developed sufficient features for definite rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to be diagnosed. The other (arthralgia patients) differed from the RA patients as, in the majority, C-reactive protein and ESR were normal and anti-nuclear antibodies or rheumatoid factors were rarely found. Moreover, in time their signs and symptoms improved or disappeared. Circulating immune complexes were detected in both groups of patients by the platelet aggregation test whereas complexes detected by abnormal Clq-binding activity were found mainly in the RA patients. Platelet-aggregating complexes were usually present in the first samples studied and disappeared in the arthralgia patients with recovery from their symptoms. In the RA patients, Clq-binding complexes appeared simultaneously or later than platelet-aggregating complexes but both tests were positive several months before RA could be diagnosed. These results suggest that immune complexes are one of the first immunological abnormalities to appear in patients with arthritis. Although the constituent antigen and antibody of complexes detected by either test are unknown, their possible nature is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

The isolation of immune complexes containing IgM rheumatoid factor and recovery of IgG rheumatoid factor from the complexes.

IgG with rheumatoid factor activity has been recovered from immune complexes containing IgM rheumatoid factor. This was done by passing serum from patients with rheumatoid arthritis through an immunoadsorbent column of the F(ab')2 fragment of rabbit anti-human mu chain. The recovered IgM was analysed by radioimmunoassays for IgM and IgG rheumatoid factors before and after sucrose density gradient centrifugation at neutral and acid pH. It is considered that the method may be generally applicable for the isolation of immune complexes containing IgM antibodies.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Effect of ouabain on Na,K-ATPase and electrolyte transport in the dog ileum in vivo.

It is currently believed that the rate and direction of sodium transport in the small intestine may be regulated by the activity of Na,K-ATPase in the basolateral cell membrane. We tested this hypothesis by selectively infusing ouabain, a known inhibitor of Na,K-ATPase, into the mesenteric artery supplying a perfused loop of ileum in 18 dogs. Before ouabain infusion there were significant correlations between the activity of Na,K-ATPase and net and lumen to plasma fluxes of sodium and chloride. After ouabain, there was no significant change in sodium and chloride transport, unidirectional fluxes or transmucosal potential difference, despite a 50% reduction in Na,K-ATPase activity. Furthermore, there was no significant correlation between Na,K-ATPase activity and sodium or chloride transport after ouabain. The only statistically significant effect of ouabain infusion was a reduction in the rate of bicarbonate secretion. Thus, the results of our experiments suggest that mucosal Na,K-ATPase is not a rate-limiting step in the absorption of sodium and chloride in the dog ileum, though it may be an important facilitative factor.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Intra-articular methotrexate. Clinical and laboratory study in rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis.

The effects of intra-articular methotrexate (MTX) were compared with saline in 20 patients with persistent knee effusions due to rheumatoid arthritis (15) and psoriasis (5) in a double-blind pilot study. Clinical improvement was seen in most patients given either MTX or saline and was attributed to joint irrigation during arthroscopy and the placebo effects. MTX had a local anti-inflammatory effect in the psoriatic arthropathies; the percentages of polymorphonuclear cells and pyroninophilic mononuclear cells in synovial fluids fell sharply. Intraarticular hydrocortisone acetate was not anti-inflammatory in 2 psoriatic patients treated subsequently. The anti-inflammatory action of MTX in joints may resemble its effectiveness in controlling the rash of psoriasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Toleracne to equine IgG after immunosuppression in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Fourteen patients with multiple sclerosis were given two tolerizing doses of equinine gammaglobulin followed by equine antilymphocyte globulin. Twelve were sufficiently tolerant to have no clinical symptoms of hypersensitivity, no skin reactivity and normal plasma clearance rates. Some tolerance was lost in the following months revealed by immediate wheal and flare skin reactions. No correlation between success in tolerance induction and beneficial effects on the disease process could be established in the short term follow-up period of this pilot study.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The detection of F(ab')2-related surface antigens on the thymocytes of children.

A Fowl antiserum to human polyclonal F(ab')2 with specificities for variable region antigens of both light and heavy chains and for the constant portion of the Fd fragment bound to about 20 per cent of thymocytes from three children. Binding was completely inhibited by purified human polyclonal IgG and only partly by L chains. The fowl anti-F(ab')2 also bound to a subpopulation of peripheral blood lymphocytes which was somewhat larger than the B-cell population identified with other anti-immunoglobulin sera. Binding was detected by autoradiography and the amount of radiolabel seen on thymocytes was nearly as great as that on peripheral blood lymphocytes. As no binding to thymocytes was seen with other anti-immunoglobulin sera we propose that the fowl anti-F(ab')2 recognizes immunoglobulin or material with structural similarities which is synthesized by thymocytes but of which predominantly V region determinants are exposed on the membrane surface.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Intensive immunosuppression in patients with disseminated sclerosis. II. Tolerance to equine IgG and effect on immunoglobulin and complement levels.

Fourteen patients with multiple sclerosis were given two tolerizing doses of equine gamma-globulin before treatment with anti-lymphocyte globulin. Twelve patients had no clinical symptoms of hypersensitivity and most of them had no detectable antibody to the equine globulin until several months later. Even then, antibody could only be shown by immediate type skin reactions but not by any in vitro assay. We conclude that a state of partial tolerance was established in these patients for the period of treatment but that later they may develop traces of hypersensitivity.

Animals↗