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Biomedical subjects

V D Raskin

Publications and source records attributed to V D Raskin.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

The epidemiology of the comorbidity of psychiatric and addictive disorders: a critical review.

Assessing the prevalence of the comorbidity of psychiatric and addictive disease using epidemiologic methods results in artifactually high rates. Use of a clinical sample will yield falsely high rates, because substance use is associated with exacerbation of mental illness. Cross sectional design will inflate rates of psychiatric comorbidity in addicts, who attribute substance use to psychological symptoms until well into recovery. Application of exclusionary criteria for independent diagnosis is subject to investigator bias, particularly about the unproven yet popular "self-medication" hypothesis. The psychiatric symptoms which are common in active addiction generally clear within weeks to months of treatment for addiction but do not respond to standard psychopharmacologic treatment for primary mental illness. When lengthy follow up periods are employed, substance induced psychiatric syndromes typically resolve. We conclude that while patients treated in psychiatric settings often have comorbid and independent addictive illness, patients treated in addiction settings uncommonly have comorbid psychiatric illness despite common psychiatric symptoms.

Comorbidity↗
PubMed1993

Psychiatric aspects of substance use disorders in childbearing populations.

Prevention and treatment research in the field of perinatal addiction is at a point of high activity. At the same time, the fields of psychiatry and addiction treatment are undergoing a process of rapprochement. Psychiatrists have a knowledge base and unique perspective of value in framing questions that must be addressed in our quest for knowledge about substance use disorders in the child-bearing population. In particular, detailed studies of psychiatric comorbidity, psychosocial characteristics associated with anticipated or actual pregnancy as a motivation for abstinence, treatment entry and recovery, and treatment approaches to past and ongoing victimization in the chemically dependent pregnant population are priorities.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Maternal bereavement in the perinatal substance abuser.

Maternal bereavement has been reported in involuntary perinatal loss and voluntary custody relinquishment. Since child custody loss is common among childbearing chemically dependent women, maternal bereavement was investigated in a small pilot sample of obstetric substance abusers. Findings suggest that grief in anticipation of possible postnatal custody loss is common. Unresolved grief from previous custody loss was also common. Clinical features, treatment considerations, and public health concerns are discussed.

Adoption↗
PubMed1991

Gender roles, social support, and postpartum depressive symptomatology. The benefits of caring.

Although women are assumed to be particularly vulnerable to depressive symptomatology after childbirth, the extent to which this symptomatology predominates over that found in men at this life cycle stage has not been addressed. This study examined gender differences in postpartum depressive symptomatology and the link between postpartum symptomatology and gender roles and relationships in a sample obtained from childbirth preparation classes. The data show no gender difference in depressive symptomatology at 2 months after childbirth. Women manifested a decrease in depressive symptomatology and men showed a slight increase from the preparenthood point. We partially link women's equivalent rather than higher distress levels to the protective effects of their varied social supports. By contrast, men depended primarily on their spouses, but both genders experienced a decrease in spouse support after childbirth. Female lack of support was more strongly associated with symptomatology in homemakers compared with employed women or women on maternity leave. Within the context of gender role changes, the data highlight benefits of female bonding in contrast to the "costs of caring" depicted by other researchers.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Patterns of depressive symptoms in expectant and new parents.

Depressive symptoms were assessed in 86 couples during pregnancy and after childbirth. Although 59.3% (N = 51) of the couples contained at least one symptomatic spouse during the transition to parenthood, both spouses were symptomatic in only 11.1% (N = 4) of the affected couples during pregnancy and 12.5% (N = 4) after childbirth.

Adult↗