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Biomedical subjects

V Cuomo

Publications and source records attributed to V Cuomo.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Behavioural and biochemical effects in the adult rat after prolonged postnatal administration of clozapine.

Rats were administered 10 mg/kg SC of clozapine (C) or vehicle solution (S) daily from day 1 after birth until 20 days of age. At 60 days of age (40 days after the postnatal treatment with C or S was interrupted) the stereotyped behaviour and the effects on locomotor activity elicited by apomorphine in S- and C-pretreated rats were investigated. The intensity of stereotyped behaviour as well as the decrement in locomotion induced by apomorphine (0.5--1 mg/kg SC) were not influenced by chronic C administration during development. Finally, at 80 days of age (60 days after the postnatal treatment with C or S was interrupted) rats were subjected to a differential reinforcement of low rates schedule (DRL15s). The results indicate that the acquisition of the DRL task performance criterion (Rs/Rf less than or equal to 2.5) was significantly more rapid in S-pretreated rats than in C-pretreated ones. In parallel biochemical experiments, homovanillic acid (HVA) content was measured in striatum in rats at 60 days of age (40 days after the postnatal treatment with C or S was interrupted). The results indicate that even if an acute challenge dose of 10 mg/kg C shows a certain degree of tolerance a single dose of 20 mg/kg C is still able to increase striatal HVA concentration in chronic C-pretreated animals. These data indicate that early postnatal administration of a non-cataleptogenic neuroleptic, like C, induces, in the adult rat, behavioural and biochemical changes which significantly differ from those elicited by a cataleptogenic neuroleptic, like haloperidol.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Early postnatal chlordiazepoxide administration: permanent behavioural effects in the mature rat and possible involvement of the GABA-benzodiazepine system.

The long term behavioural and biochemical effects of chronic chlordiazepoxide treatment during the period of neuronal maturation in the rat have been investigated. The administration to lactating mothers of chlordiazepoxide at very low doses (0.22 and 2.6 mg/kg) in their drinking water affects both behavioural and biochemical parameters in offspring at 60 days of age and undrugged since weaning. A deficit in the acquisition of the conditioned avoidance response in treated rats was observed, although no significant difference in spontaneous locomotor activity between control and treated rats was found. 3H-Flunitrazepam binding sites in cerebral cortex and hippocampus were decreased by the treatment, whereas no change was detected in cerebellum. Moreover, 3H-muscimol binding sites increased in hippocampus with no changes in cerebral cortex and cerebellum. According to the different regional distribution of benzodiazepine type 1 and type 2 receptors, we suggest that type 2 receptors are selectively affected by the treatment, and that the GABAergic receptor system is also permanently altered by administration of chlordiazepoxide during early postnatal life.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The influence of early postnatal treatment with haloperidol on the effects induced by small and large doses of apomorphine on locomotion of adult rats.

Chronic administration of haloperidol (0.5 mg/kg, s.c.) during early postnatal life did not modify the effects produced by a small dose of apomorphine (0.02 mg/kg, s.c.) on the locomotor activity of adult rats; conversely, the reduction of locomotion induced by a large dose of apomorphine (1 mg/kg, s.c.) was much more kared in haloperidol-pretreated rat than in saline-pretreated ones. The differential ontogeny of dopamine auto- and postsynaptic receptors could be partly responsible for the different influence of postnatal treatment with haloperidol on the responsiveness of the adult to small and large doses of apomorphine.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effects of two new aminoglycoside antibiotics on the rat sciatic nerve-gastrocnemius muscle preparation.

2'-Amino-2'-deoxy-kanamycin (bekanamycin, Kanendomycin) and pentisomicin displayed a neuromuscular blocking activity on the rat sciatic nerve-gastrocnemius muscle preparation. Pentisomicin showed the highest neuromuscular blocking effect; the neuromuscular blocking potency of bekanamycin was similar to that of tobramycin, another new aminoglycoside. The neuromuscular block produced by these antibiotics was reversed by calcium chloride whereas it was not influenced by neostigmine methylsulfate.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Enduring behavioural and biochemical effects in the adult rat after prolonged postnatal administration of haloperidol.

Rats were administered 0.5 mg/kg SC of haloperidol (H) or saline (S) daily from day 1 after birth until 20 days of age. At 60 days of age (40 days after the postnatal treatment with H or S was interrupted) the stereotyped behaviour and the effects on locomotor activity elicited by apomorphine in S- and H-pretreated rats were investigated. The intensity of apomorphine (0.5--1 mg/kg, SC)-induced stereotyped behaviour was significantly greater in the H-pretreated group than in S-pretreated animals and this was accompanied by a much more marked reduction of locomotor activity in H-pretreated than in S-pretreated rats. Finally, at 80 days of age (60 days after the postnatal treatment with H or S was interrupted) rats were subjected to a Differential Reinforcement of Low Rates schedule (DRL 15-s). The results indicate that the acquisition of the DRL task performance criterion (Rs/Rf less than or equal to 2.5) was significantly more rapid on S-pretreated rats than in H-pretreated ones. In parallel biochemical experiments, acute H produced smaller increases in dopamine turnover in chronic H-treated rats compared with S-treated controls. These data indicate that H treatment in neonatal rats induces behavioural and biochemical changes which can be observed up to 60 days after H withdrawal.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed1981

Comparative evaluation of the neuromuscular blocking activity of three new aminoglycoside antibiotics in rats.

The effects of three aminoglycoside antibiotics on the rat isolated phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation and on the sciatic nerve-gastrocnemius muscle preparation were investigated. Tobramycin, amikacin and ribostamycin produced dose-dependent neuromuscular blockade of the diaphragm twitches. Comparison of results showed that the neuromuscular blocking potency was as follows: tobramycin greater than amikacin greater than ribostamycin. The neuromuscular blockade produced gy these antibiotics was reversed by calcium chloride, whereas it was not influenced by neostigmine methylsulfate. Furthermore, the neuromuscular blocking potency in vitro of these three aminoglycosides was paralleled by their activity in vivo on the sciatic nerve-gastrocnemius muscle preparation.

Amikacin↗
PubMed1981

Effects of muscimol alone and in combination with diazepam on shuttle-box performance in rats.

Muscimol and diazepam reduced the number of avoidance responses of rats subjected to a conditioned avoidance situation. Diazepam, in a dose which per se did not influence the conditioned responses, significantly increased the disruption of avoidance behavior induced by muscimol. Bicuculline counteracted the avoidance impairment produced by muscimol, whereas it did not influence the disruption of avoidance performance induced by diazepam. Results are discussed with reference to the role of GABAergic system in the behavioral effects of muscimol and diazepam.

Animals↗