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Biomedical subjects

V C Buttram

Publications and source records attributed to V C Buttram.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Peritoneal fluid plasminogen activator activity in endometriosis and pelvic adhesive disease.

Plasminogen activator activity in PF was assayed by the fibrinolysis method described by Strickland and Beers. In 45 patients studied, there were no discernible differences according to whether patients had endometriosis and/or pelvic adhesive disease. No differences were detected according to when in the menstrual cycle the sample of PF was obtained. These data are in concordance with a previous report and taken together suggest that there is no difference in fibrinolytic mechanisms in PF in patients with or without endometriosis and/or pelvic adhesive disease, when compared with control subjects. If such differences exist, they may be present in the tissues, per se, but are not discernible in PF.

Ascitic Fluid↗
PubMed1984

Transplantation of normal and ectopic human endometrial tissue into athymic nude mice.

Implants or tiny circumscribed nodules of endometrial tissue were found in all female mice given intraperitoneal injections of fragments of human normal (proliferative and secretory) or ectopic (endometrioma) endometrium. Half of these animals received estrogen supplementation and the other half received none. The endometriosis tissue present in these animals at 28 or 56 days after inoculation consisted of glands and stroma with an infiltration of hemosiderin-laden macrophages. Glands in tissue transplants of animals given supplemental estrogen tended to be larger, and the secretory endometrium tended to revert to a proliferative pattern. Palpable nodules at the site of subcutaneous inoculations of proliferative endometrium became undetectable grossly and microscopically within 24 to 32 days, whereas endometrioma tissue remained detectable for up to 70 days and resembled the intraperitoneal tissue microscopically. This study demonstrates that human endometrial tissue can be successfully transplanted into the nude mouse and will retain its basic morphology.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Naproxen sodium vs. a combination of aspirin, phenacetin, caffeine and codeine phosphate for pain after major gynecologic surgery. A multicenter comparison.

In this multicenter study a nonnarcotic analgesic available for moderate pain, naproxen sodium, 550 mg, was compared to a combination that is used extensively for moderate to severe pain, aspirin, phenacetin, caffeine and codeine phosphate (APC/C) (60 mg of codeine phosphate). Women with pain after major gynecologic surgery reported a similar pattern in pain reduction with the two medications except for a relatively sharper increase in pain intensity between four and six hours after administration of APC/C. A smaller number of patient complaints suggested that naproxen sodium was better tolerated than APC/C.

Aspirin↗
PubMed1984

Genetics studies in incomplete müllerian fusion.

No formal genetic studies of incomplete müllerian fusion anomalies have been conducted previously, despite several reports of familial aggregates. Accordingly, the authors sought to determine the frequency with which symptomatic müllerian fusion anomalies occurred in relatives of a small but genetically unbiased sample of 24 probands. Only one of 37 (2.7%) female sibs over age 16 appeared to have a symptomatic uterine anomaly; none of 24 mothers, none of 45 maternal aunts, and none of 50 paternal aunts appeared affected. Such a low frequency of affected relatives is more consistent with polygenic/multifactorial etiology than with other genetic etiologies.

Female↗
PubMed1983

Heritable aspects of uterine anomalies. II. Genetic analysis of Müllerian aplasia.

The genetics of Müllerian aplasia (absent fallopian tubes, absent or rudimentary uterine corpus and cervix, absent upper vagina) has never been investigated systematically. Some investigators believe the disorder is inherited in female-limited autosomal dominant fashion, males transmitting the mutant gene but, of course, not manifesting the trait. To investigate this possibility, we obtained pedigrees in 23 probands with Müllerian aplasia. None had an affected relative. The absence of affected individuals among 30 postpubertal sisters, 31 paternal aunts, and 40 maternal aunts makes it unlikely that a sex-limited autosomal dominant gene is a common cause of Müllerian aplasia in our population. Dominant genes might exist in other populations, and fresh dominant mutations cannot be excluded. However, polygenic/multifactorial inheritance is perhaps more plausible.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1982

Unconjugated steroids in leiomyomas and tumor-bearing myometrium.

The concentrations of 17 beta-estradiol, progesterone, and estrone in leiomyomas and tumor-bearing myometrium were determined by specific radioimmunoassays in hysterectomy specimens from 12 women aged between 30 and 47 years. The concentration of 17 beta-estradiol was significantly higher in leiomyomas than in myometrium. There was no difference in the concentration of progesterone in leiomyomas and myometrium. The concentration of estrone was higher in the myometrium than in the leiomyomas, although the difference was not statistically significant. The concentrations of progesterone, 17 beta-estradiol, and to some extent estrone show variation with the phase of the menstrual cycle. The significance of the difference in concentration of 16 beta-estradiol in leiomyomas and myometrium, the relationship of this difference to the concentrations of estrogen and progesterone receptors, and factors possibly related to the growth of leiomyomas are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Interim report a study of danazol for the treatment of endometriosis.

Ninety-six infertile women with laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis received danazol (800 mg daily) for 6 months. Despite their prevalence, side effects generally were tolerable and did not contraindicate use of the drug. The mean resolution of peritoneal endometriosis, measured in 44 patients, was 63%. However, individual responses varied considerably. The mean resolution of ovarian endometriosis in 28 patients was 45%. Resolution of less than 1 cm involvement (57%) was similar to that of peritoneal endometriosis, but for more extensive ovarian disease it was only 37% to 40%. Preoperative use of danazol facilitated surgical removal of disease and probably reduced the risk of postoperative adhesions. Pregnancy rates, though reported, are not analyzed because of the brevity of follow-up to date.

Danazol↗
PubMed1980

Heritable aspects of endometriosis. I. Genetic studies.

Systematic genetic studies in endometriosis apparently have not been conducted; therefore, we studied 123 patients with histologically proved endometriosis. Nine of 153 (5.8%) female sibs (over age 18) of patients with histologically proved endometriosis were considered similarly affected; 10 of 123 mothers (8.1%) were affected; 19 of 276 (6.9%) of all first-degree relatives were affected. By contrast, only one of 104 (1.0%) female sibs of their husbands and only one of 107 (0.9%) mothers of their husbands were affected, significantly (p less than 0.05) less for both sibs and mothers. Several genetic etiologies can be postulated, but polygenic/multifactorial inheritance seems most likely because of (1) the 6.9% recurrence risk for all first-degree relatives and (2) observations that the 18 patients with an affected first-degree relative were more likely to have severe endometriosis than those without an affected first-degree relative.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Heritage aspects of endometriosis. II. Clinical characteristics of familial endometriosis.

Clinical characteristics of patients with histologically confirmed pelvic endometriosis who had an affected first-degree relative (N = 18) were compared to those who had no such affected relative (N = 105). The only significant difference was that 61% of individuals in the former group had severe endometriosis, compared to only 24% in the latter group. This observation is most consistent with a polygenic/multifactorial etiology, although other genetic mechanisms cannot be excluded. Our observations carry several important practical implications. First, an apparently unaffected patient with an affected first-degree relative should be counseled that her risk of developing endometriosis is 7%. This might influence the choice of contraception, the timing of pregnancy, and the extent to which aggressive diagnostic approaches (e.g., laparoscopy and curettage) would be appropriate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Estrogen-binding proteins in the human postmenopausal uterus.

Two intracellular high-affinity, low-capacity estrogen-binding proteins, which have the characteristics of receptors, with equilibrium dissociation constants of 10(-10)M and 10(-9)M, have been observed in the human uterus. The higher-affinity protein (10(-10)M) appears to play the main role in activating end-organ response to estrogen stimulation. The role of the lower-affinity protein (10(-9)M) is uncertain. In a human postmenopausal uterine system without estrogen stimulation, Scatchard analysis of uterine cytosol partially purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation and incubated at 4 degrees C for 18 hours revealed only the higher-affinity receptor component (10(-10)M). In a post menopausal uterine system with estrogen priming (and in the premenopausal uterus) both the high- and low-affinity components were observed. Competition studies indicated that the receptors were specific for estradiol. The clinical significance of these findings is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Conservative surgery for endometriosis in the infertile female: a study of 206 patients with implications for both medical and surgical therapy.

Two hundred and six women with endometriosis classified as mild (88), moderate (50), or severe (68) were evaluated after conservtive surgery. The duration of infertility was not related to the severity of the condition. In 137 patients, endometriosis was the only known cause of the infertility. Pregnancy rates in this group were 73.2%, 55.9%, and 40.4%, respectively, for patients with mild, moderate, and severe endometriosis. Of 56 patients with mild endometriosis (peritoneal involvement only), 78.0% had been infertile for 2 or more years; 73.2% became pregnant. These facts suggest that endometriosis, even in its mild form, does interfere with the conception process and that, in some way, surgery is efficacious. The surgery was most beneficial in the early postoperative period. Of patients who conceived, 30.5% did so within 3 months, 48.8% within 6 months, and 86.0% within 15 months after surgery. The data suggest that if medical suppressive therapy is to be used in conjunction with conservative surgery to enhance fertility, it should be used preoperatively rather than postoperatively.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1979

Prolactin receptors in the ovary.

The binding of prolactin (PRL) to the plasma membranes of bovine and human ovaries was investigated using both homologous and heterologous 125I-prolactin. Saturation and Scatchard analysis demonstrated that human prolactin binds to human ovarian membranes with a Kd of 2 x 10(-10) M; to bovine ovarian membranes with a Kd of 1.9 x 10(-10) M; and to bovine corpora lutea membranes with a Kd of 1.9 x 10(-10) M. The concentrations of binding sites in bovine and human ovaries were 2.9 x 10(-15) moles/mg of protein and 2.0 x 10(-15) moles/mg of protein, respectively. The number of bindings sites in the bovine corpora lutea was 1.5 x 15(-15) moles/mg of protein. Specificity studies with bovine PRL, ovine PRL, human luteinizing hormone, human follicle-stimulating hormone, and bovine growth hormone showed this binding to be specific. Comparison of binding of PRL to membranes of other target and nontarget tissues suggests that the ovary is one of the primary target tissues. These data suggest that prolactin plays a role in the ovarian cycle.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Saliva as a matrix for measuring free androgens: comparison with serum androgens in polycystic ovarian disease.

We report a simple and direct procedure for the measurement of circulating free testosterone concentrations by using saliva as a matrix rather than serum. There is a close correlation between saliva testosterone values measured by radioimmunoassay, calculated values of free testosterone, and free testosterone estimated by equilibrium dialysis. Our method is direct and has the advantage that the biologic fluid can be obtained routinely by noninvasive techniques outside the clinic during a course of therapy. We also show that a single saliva value is of greater diagnostic use than any of the currently used androgen assays. Testosterone was found to be elevated in the saliva of 17 infertility patients diagnosed as having polycystic ovarian syndrome, 14 of these patients were hirsute.

Androstenedione↗
PubMed1979

Müllerian anomalies: a proposed classification. (An analysis of 144 cases).

Hospital and clinic charts for 100 patients with diagnosed Müllerian anomalies were reviewed. Reproductive history, type of therapy, and treatment results for those patients and for another 44 with a history of exposure to diethylstilbestrol and abnormal hysterosalpingographic findings were recorded and evaluated. The anomaly most frequently associated with reproductive failure was the septate uterus. A new classification, based on degree of failure of normal development, was used in separating the anomalies into groups with similar clinical manifestations, treatment, and prognosis for fetal salvage.

Female↗