Biomedical subjects

V Brulein

Publications and source records attributed to V Brulein.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1993

Simultaneous active and passive immunization against hepatitis A studied in a population of travellers.

Three hundred travellers, seronegative for hepatitis A, were enrolled into this study to evaluate a new inactivated hepatitis A vaccine. Three injections, each containing at least 720 ELISA units, were administered intramuscularly at months 0, 1 and 6. The subjects were distributed into three groups: 100 received vaccine only; 100 received a single injection of immunoglobulin enriched in HAV antibody; and the 100 remaining travellers received the vaccine and immunoglobulin administered simultaneously with the first vaccine dose. In both vaccinated groups, the rate of seroconversion was found to be higher than 90% at month 1, reaching 100% and 97.8% at month 2 in groups 1 and 3, respectively, and 100% at month 7. In the group receiving both vaccine and immunoglobulin, antibody production was somewhat slower and the final titres were, on average, slightly lower than those obtained in the group with the vaccine alone (GMT 2488 and 3614 mIU ml-1 respectively; p = 0.02). The vaccine appeared to be highly immunogenic in all subjects and was also well tolerated. The slight inhibition of antibody production, induced by the concurrent administration of immunoglobulin, does not affect the overall protection afforded by the vaccine. We conclude that simultaneous active and passive hepatitis A immunizations can be recommended.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Simultaneous passive and active immunization against hepatitis A.

The serum antibody response to simultaneous administration of immune globulin (Ig) and an inactivated hepatitis A vaccine was investigated in healthy volunteers who had been tested and found free of hepatitis A virus. One hundred and forty nine subjects were randomly allocated into three groups. Group 1 received three doses of hepatitis A vaccine at 0, 1 and 6 months, group 2 received 5 ml of Ig and group 3 received a combination of Ig and vaccine. In group 3 the seropositivity rate measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was 100% at day 5, month 1 and 2, 96% at month 6 and again 100% at month 7. In the group that received vaccine alone the seroconversion rates were 0, 96, 100, 98 and 100 respectively. The geometric mean titres in subjects who received passive/active immunization were about twofold lower than in subjects who received vaccine alone, indicating interference of Ig with the immune response. Despite this, the data show that simultaneous administration of hepatitis A vaccine and Ig confers both immediate protection via Ig administration and long-term vaccine-induced protection. As the antibody levels reached are about twofold lower compared to that after administration of hepatitis A vaccine alone, a booster dose may be required sooner, than if the vaccine were administered alone.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Safety, pharmacokinetics and efficacy of once-a-day netilmicin and amikacin versus their conventional schedules in patients suffering from pelvic inflammatory disease.

The safety, pharmacokinetics and efficacy of one daily injection (qd) of amikacin (AK) and netilmicin (NT) was compared with the recommended schedules (cs), i.e. twice-daily or thrice-daily, respectively. Women (17-43 years, n = 78) suffering from pelvic inflammatory disease were randomly assigned to qd or cs of either AK (14 mg/kg per day) or NT (6.6 mg/kg per day). Biometric parameters were similar in the 4 groups and all patients received ampicillin (4 g/day) and tinidazole (0.8 g/day). The Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance was used to distinguish the effects of the schedules and of the drugs choice on critical parameters. Efficacy was similar in the 4 groups and not influenced by the schedule of administration. No significant differences in nephro- and oto-toxicity were observed as assessed by serum creatinine and losses of hearing at low frequencies, but early phospholipiduria and auditory losses at high frequencies were significantly reduced with the qd administration compared to cs and by AK compared to NT. These data suggest that the qd schedule of AK and of NT is as efficacious as their cs schedules, and causes less renal and auditory alterations.

Amikacin↗