Biomedical subjects
V Bousquet
Publications and source records attributed to V Bousquet.
["Isolated" injury of the posterior cruciate ligament. Surgical treatment of isolated posterior cruciate ligament tears: a multicentric retrospective study of 103 patients].
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: We present a retrospective multicentric series of carefully selected patients presenting "isolated" laxity of the posterior cruciate ligament. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The series included 103 patients who were reviewed clinically (with a dedicated review chart) and radiographically with measurement of posterior laxity (Telos 15 kg). RESULTS: In these patients with an isolated injury of the PCL (without associated injury of the peripheral ligament) DISCUSSION: The short follow-up of this series (four years) does not enable an assessment of the risk or benefit of PCL ligamentoplasty for arthrosic knees.
[Management of myocardial infarction in patients over 75 years of age from 1983 to 1999].
Elderly patients are often excluded from therapeutic methods which have been shown to improve the prognosis of myocardial infarction (MI). The aim of this study was to describe the changes in management of MI in the elderly and to analyse the factors associated with hospital mortality due to MI during this period. All cases of acute MI in patients over 75 years of age from 1983 to 1999 and admitted to the Centre Hospitalier du Val d'Ariège were reviewed. The clinical features, the modalities of initial management and their treatment on discharge were compared by periods: 1983-88, 1989-93 and 1994-99. The changes in hospital mortality and the factors associated with this mortality were studied. Five hundred and forty-four cases of patients with an average age of 81 years were reviewed. The proportion of patients who were treated medically alone decreased over the 3 periods whereas treatment by angioplasty and thrombolysis increased (1.2% in 1983-88 versus 18.2% in 1994-99). Betablockers, ACE inhibitors and aspirin were much more prescribed on discharge from hospital. In parallel, the hospital mortality from MI decreased by half (50.8% in 1983-88 versus 24.9% in 1994-99). The independent factors associated with hospital mortality were age, anterior infarction (OR = 2.08 [1.39-3.13]), revascularisation of the culprit artery by thrombolysis or angioplasty (OR = 0.24 [0.09-0.61]) and the period of hospital stay (OR = 0.22 [0.12-0.38] in 1994-99 compared with 1983-88). The authors' experience reflects an improved prognosis of MI in the elderly partially due to the benefits of treatment by angioplasty and thrombolysis. Improvement of pre-hospital treatment, better diagnostic methods and more aggressive management of the elderly with MI also contribute to these results.
[Treatment of chronic ankle instability with the Chrisman-Snook's technique].
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: We report our experience on lateral ankle instability treated by the Chrisman Snook procedure. We studied the objective and subjective results as well as the effect on peroneus brevis tendon function. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Among 110 patients treated for chronic lateral ankle instability between 1991 and 1997, 32 cases were treated with this technique. The average age was 25 years (16-37) and the average time to surgery from the initial trauma was 30 months. This was a retrospective study using the Karlson Peterson form while the laxity was measured with Telos device (120 N). Cybex testing was performed on 10 patients. Twenty-seven patients participated in sport. RESULTS: The follow-up ranged from 6 to 65 months (average 25 months). The average Karlson's score was 82.6 with 78 per cent excellent and good results. Lateral ligament laxity was reduced from 17 mm to 4 mm on Telos measurements and no osteoarthritis was noticed radiographically. The joint mobility consistently returned to the preoperative level. Twenty four patients returned to sport although half of the patients had some pain during sport activities or with fast walking. DISCUSSION: Males and patients participating in sporting activities had the best results and none of the patients had recurrent instability despite new sport injuries. The persistence of some pain may be associated with the long period of instability prior to reconstruction in this group of patients. CONCLUSION: The Chrisman Snook lateral ligament reconstruction is a technically easy and solid technique and we recommend it in patients with significant chronic lateral ligament instability.
Analysis of cuticle relief for hair photoprotection evaluation. Validation study.
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[Surgical anatomical study of the spinal nerve].
100 dissections performed in the Anatomy Laboratory have made it possible to clarify certain details relating to the cervical trajectory of the accessory nerve (traditionally called the 11th or spinal nerve), its relationship with the jugular vein, with the S.C.M. muscle, its position on the anterior and posterior edges of the S.C.M. and on the anterior edge of the trapezius muscle, and the frequency of its branching in the sub-clavicular fossa.
A contribution to the study of the accessory nerve: surgical implications.
The anatomy of the accessory n. is defined in the light of 100 dissections with particular regard to the following aspects: its relations with the internal jugular v.; its participation in the innervation of the sternocleidomastoid m.; its location in relation to the anterior and posterior borders of that muscle and to the anterior border of the trapezius; and its branching and anastomoses in the supraclavicular fossa.
A note on the anastomoses between the hypoglossal nerve and the cervical plexus.
A series of 80 dissections was performed to define the anastomoses between the cervical plexus and the hypoglossal nerve (XII), the superior anastomosis between the trunk of XII and the ansa of the atlas from the cervical plexus; the ansa cervicalis, traditionally known as the ansa of the XIIth cranial nerve or hypoglossal ansa, formed by the direct junctional anastomosis of the descending branch of XII and the internal descending branch of the cervical plexus. The origins, form, branches and chief relations are defined in in the present study.
[Innervation of the sternocleidomastoid muscle].
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The nerve loops crossing below the subclavian artery and their anatomical variations.
60 dissections analysed the variability of three types of nerve loops crossing beneath the subclavian artery : Vieussens' annulus, the anastomotic ansa between the lower laryngeal nerve and the cervical sympathetic, and the anastomotic ansa between the phrenic nerve and the stellate ganglion. The classic disposition of these loops, situated below the artery and present simultaneously, was found in only 10% of the cases. Though Vieussens' annulus was present in most of the dissections, the anastomotic ansa between the cervical sympathetic and both the lower laryngeal nerve and the phrenic nerve corresponds more rarely to the conventional pattern.
A contribution to the study of the innervation of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.
Studies on the innervation of the sternocleidomastoid muscle have shown the highly variable arrangement of the nerve fibers originating from the accessory nerve (eleventh cranial pair) and cervical nerves which supply the muscle. The results of 100 dissections described in this study confirmed these variations and led to propose a classification of the innervation of the sternocleidomastoid according to three main types. The classical "anastomotic" type of innervation (also referred to as Maubrac's type of innervation) was the most frequent, although present in only half of all cases. Innervation of the sternocleidomastoids in symmetrical fashion was an exceptional finding. The functional attributes of these anatomical variations are discussed.
[Contribution to the study of the origin of the phrenic nerve (nervus phrenicus). Apropos of 100 dissections of the cervical plexus].
After recalling the descriptions of classical authors, 100 dissections conducted to the study of the origin of the phrenic nerve (nervus phrenicus). It appears as variable and asymetrical. The presence of an accessory phrenic nerve has been rarely seen. The classical proximal anastomoses of this nerve are inconstant or rare.