Biomedical subjects

V Bosnes

Publications and source records attributed to V Bosnes.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1989

Immunomagnetic separation of infiltrating T lymphocytes from brain tumors.

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL's) were isolated from human glioma biopsy specimens by immunomagnetic separation using T cell-specific monoclonal antibodies coupled to paramagnetic beads, and were expanded in culture with feeder cells and interleukin-2 (IL-2). The infiltrating cells from five of seven patients proliferated in culture. When tested after 2 to 3 weeks of culture, virtually all of the cells stained with antibodies against the CD2 and CD3 antigens. Most cells also expressed human leukocyte antigen class II molecules, while varying percentages of cells stained with antibodies against the IL-2 receptor and the CD4 and CD8 antigens. The cytotoxicity of the cultured TIL's against autologous and allogeneic glioma cells and the K562 and Daudi cell lines was measured and compared with that of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells from the same patients. None of the TIL's showed significant cytotoxicity against these targets, whereas LAK cells lysed all of the targets.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

Human interleukin-2 activated cytotoxic cells kill autologous glioma cells in vitro.

We have cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from glioblastoma patients in recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) containing medium for a period of 5 days. The cytotoxicity of these cells was tested on 51Cr-labelled autologous dissociated glioblastoma cells which had not been cultured. Significant cytotoxicity against glioma cells was observed in seven out of nine cases. IL-2 activated PBL from normal donors were equally cytotoxic against these glioma cells. Autologous lymphocytes activated by phytohaemagglutinin were also lysed in most cases, and the erythroleukemia cell line K562 was highly susceptible to the cytotoxic capability of the IL-2 activated PBL. In cold target inhibition experiments, K562 inhibited the cytotoxicity against both autologous and allogenic glioma cells, and glioma cells inhibited the cytotoxicity against K562. Following immunomagnetic separation, the IL-2 activated cells demonstrated cytotoxicity against glioma cells, K562 cells, and PHA blasts in both the CD8+ and the CD8- subsets.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

Comparison of in vitro glioma cell cytotoxicity of LAK cells from glioma patients and healthy subjects.

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 11 glioma patients and 11 healthy control subjects were cultured in medium containing recombinant interleukin-2 for a period of 5 days. The cytotoxicity of these lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells was tested on chromium-51-labeled freshly prepared allogeneic glioblastoma cells, and on the cell lines K562 (natural killer cell (NK)-sensitive) and Daudi (NK-resistant). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from all subjects showed high levels of cytotoxicity against these targets. There was no significant difference between the patients and the control group when LAK cytotoxicity was compared. Thus, although glioma patients are known to have depressed immunological reactivity, the cytotoxic capacity of LAK cells derived from glioma patients is similar to that of LAK cells from healthy control subjects. However, the glioma patients had significantly reduced numbers of mononuclear cells in their peripheral blood, possibly due to steroid treatment. Therefore, the volume of blood required to generate the same number of LAK cells was approximately three times larger from the glioma patients than from control subjects.

Adult↗

PubMed1987

Cell-surface laminin-like molecules and alpha-D-galactopyranosyl end-groups of cloned strongly and weakly metastatic murine fibrosarcoma cells.

Indications from previous work that cancer cell-surface laminin-like molecules and alpha-D-galactopyranosyl end-groups may contribute to spontaneous metastasis were further investigated. Both moieties are known to mediate cell attachment to various foreign surfaces. Five strongly metastatic and 5 weakly metastatic cell clones from a murine fibrosarcoma were examined for the occurrence of both cell-surface moieties by immunofluorescence flow cytometry and microscopy. None of these clones was rich in laminin-like molecules, which were least strongly expressed by the highly metastatic clones. The alpha-D-galactopyranosyl end-groups were strongly expressed by all strongly metastatic clones and by 2 weakly metastatic clones, but were only weakly expressed by the other weakly metastatic clones. These results indicate that the laminin-like cell-surface molecules are not necessary for spontaneous metastasis formation. However, the alpha-D-galactopyranosyl end-groups may be necessary, but are not sufficient for the cancer cells to form metastases. These carbohydrates are known to occur on the laminin-like molecules. The present results show that they must also exist on other cell-surface molecules.

Animals↗

PubMed1987

C-reactive protein levels in the differential diagnosis of brain abscesses.

C-reactive protein (CRP) is a protein found in plasma at elevated concentrations during acute or chronic infections. As an aid in the differential diagnosis between brain tumor and abscess, the CRP levels were measured in 20 patients with intracranial mass lesions and the appearance of ring-like contrast enhancement on computerized tomography (CT) scans. In nine of these patients, the final diagnosis was abscess, based on either biopsy of the mass (eight patients) or the clinical course (one patient). In seven of the nine patients, there was a significant increase in CRP levels in two consecutive measurements. In particular, patients with cerebritis who were examined early in the course of the disease and who showed nonspecific CT scans exhibited extremely high levels of CRP. Two patients had no measurable CRP activity although they both had brain abscesses. In 12 patients harboring either gliomas or metastatic intracerebral tumors, CRP levels were significantly lower than those found in patients with brain abscesses but were nevertheless higher compared to those of a group of patients with benign tumors. It is concluded, therefore, that the measurement of CRP can have some value in the differential diagnosis between brain abscess and brain tumor. The measurement technique is inexpensive and is available in the clinical laboratories of most hospitals with a neurosurgical department.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1987

Depletion of T lymphocytes from human bone marrow. Use of magnetic monosized polymer microspheres coated with T-lymphocyte-specific monoclonal antibodies.

A new technique for depletion of T cells from bone marrow is presented. Bone marrow cells (BMC) were rosetted with magnetic monosized polystyrene microspheres coated with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific for T cell CD2 and CD3 antigens. Rosetted T cells were subsequently removed from non-T cells with the aid of a magnet. This immunomagnetic separation procedure was carried out in less than 40 min and reproducibly removed T cells, leaving a maximum of 0.025% sheep-red-blood-cell (SRBC) rosette-forming cells and less than 0.02% T cells as detected by a T cell limiting dilution assay. The efficacy of the depletion procedure was further shown by flow cytometry data, by effective removal of cells from a T cell line added to the BMC prior to immunomagnetic separation, and by abrogation of interleukin 2 (IL-2)-producing capacity in T-cell-depleted BMC (BMC-T). The T cell depletion procedure provided a 43-74% recovery of non-T cells present in the Isopaque-Ficoll-isolated bone marrow mononuclear cell fraction and did not disturb the growth potential of stem cells, as assayed by hematopoietic stem cell assays.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1986

cis-Platinum as adjunctive to surgery in early stage ovarian carcinoma: effects on lymphoid cell subpopulations.

The effect of single-drug cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) treatment on the distribution of T-lymphocyte subsets and monocytes was determined using monoclonal antibodies and a flow cytometry technique. Thirty-nine patients with radically operated ovarian carcinoma received postoperative treatment with six cycles of CDDP 50 mg/m2, and were examined either before, during, or after chemotherapy. During treatment, the number of OKT4+ (mainly T-helper) cells was reduced, whereas the number of OKT8+ (mainly T-suppressor/cytotoxic) cells was increased. Four to six months after the CDDP treatment was ended, these aberrations were no longer seen. The number of 1D5+ cells (monocytes) was not influenced by the treatment. It is concluded that no long-lasting change in the distribution of immunocompetent cells could be detected after this regimen of CDDP treatment.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

T cell responses to a Dermatophagoides farinae allergen preparation in allergics and healthy controls.

We have studied possible differences between mite-allergic individuals and healthy controls in their T cell proliferation and T cell surface markers after in vitro stimulation with a Dermatophagoides farinae allergen preparation. No significant differences were found between the two groups in 3H-thymidine incorporation in T cells after 7 days in culture with allergen- and antigen-presenting cells. The frequencies of allergen-reactive T cells determined by limiting dilution were also similar in the two groups. Finally, no differences were found in surface markers on allergen-activated T cells from mite-allergic and healthy blood donors using a variety of monoclonal antibodies reactive with T cell subsets and activation antigens. Our conclusion is that with the D. farinae preparation employed in this investigation and using T cells prepared from peripheral blood no significant differences were seen between mite allergics and controls.

Allergens↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Changes in lymphoid cell distribution after intraperitoneal administration of 32P colloids.

The effect of intraperitoneal administration of 32P colloids on the distribution of T lymphocyte subpopulations and monocytes was studied using monoclonal antibodies and a flow cytometry technique. Thirty-nine patients with ovarian carcinoma without residual tumor after primary operation were examined either before the administration of 260 to 370 MBq of 32P, 4 to 6 days after therapy, or 4 to 10 months after therapy. A significant reduction of circulating OKT4+ (T helper) cells occurred after therapy, and the reduction lasted throughout the observation period. Monocyte numbers were not significantly changed. It is concluded that intraperitoneal instillation of the 32P isotope may induce the same type of changes in circulating lymphoid cells as those seen after external field irradiation.

Adult↗