Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

V Beaumont

Publications and source records attributed to V Beaumont.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Immunogenicity and the vascular risk of oral contraceptives.

Data concerning circulating immune complexes were obtained for women who had had a pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction, or cerebral thrombosis, and for 224 healthy controls. In women with pulmonary embolism who had used oral contraceptives concentrations of circulating immune complexes were significantly higher than in healthy controls (regardless of oral contraceptive use), or in those with pulmonary embolism who had never used these preparations. Concentrations of circulating immune complexes were not raised in myocardial infarction, but these women had major risk factors for ischaemic heart disease. The group of patients with cerebral thrombosis without risk factors tended to have high concentrations of circulating immune complexes. The data provide some confirmation that immunological mechanisms may play a role in thrombotic episodes associated with oral contraceptives, especially when they occur in the absence of risk factors for vascular disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Immunogenicity of synthetic sex hormones and thrombogenesis].

The ingestion of synthetic steroidal and non-steroidal estrogens may induce antiestrogen antibodies in women on oral contraceptives, and in prostatic patients treated with diethylstilbestrol (DES). Natural sex hormones have no such effect. A radioimmunoassay with tritiated ethinylestradiol or DES was applied to study the prevalence of synthetic sex hormone antibodies in 2 populations: 100 women on estroprogestative hormones and 93 cases of DES treated prostatic cancers. Homologous non-treated controls were compared. Results allowed to identify among treated and asymptomatic subjects an immunoreactive population of 30% women and 47% men. Furthermore, the antibodies were found with a much higher frequency (p less than 0.001) in patients who had experienced a thromboembolic disease while on treatment: 90% of women and 74% of men. The importance of these antibodies as a risk factor, their possible role in promoting vascular lesions, the interest of their detection for the prevention of the vascular risk induced by synthetic sex hormones, are considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Vascular complications of oral contraception. In whom and how to prevent them?].

Oral contraception entails an increased risk of arterial and venous thrombosis which can only be prevented by detecting women at risk. The relative importance of various predisposing or precipitating factors was evaluated by comparing 3 groups of women: 50 oral contraceptive (OC) users with thrombosis; 50 healthy OC users and 30 controls who had never used OC's. The factors investigated were: duration of use and dose of oestrogens, age, blood pressure, serum lipid levels and tobacco smoking. In addition, all women were tested for the presence of anti-ethinylestradiol antibodies (anti-EE ab) which we had previously shown to be induced by OC's in a number of women. Our results indicated that the most frequently encountered risk factor associated with vascular thrombosis was the presence of anti-EE ab and that the risk was further increased by smoking in women with these antibodies.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Evaluation of risk factors associated with vascular thrombosis in women on oral contraceptives. Possible role of anti-sex steroid hormone antibodies.

Women on oral contraceptives have an increased risk of thrombosis. The prevention of the vascular complications relies on the detection of women who are at risk. In order to find out which characteristics correlate with the occurrence of the vascular disease, 3 groups of women were compared; 50 oral contraceptive users with thrombosis, 50 healthy users, and 30 controls. Apart from the modality of oral contraception (duration of use, dose of estrogens), the following parameters were tested as possible risk factors: age, serum lipid levels, tobacco smoking, and especially presence of antiethinylestradiol antibodies (anti-EE ab) which we had previously shown to be induced by oral contraceptives in a number of women. Results indicated that the major risk factor associated with vascular thrombosis was the presence of anti-EE ab. Furthermore, the risk was highly increased by the association of tobacco smoking to anti-EE ab.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Blood changes in sex steroid hormone users. Circulating immune complexes induced by estrogens and progestogens and their relation to vascular thrombosis.

Oral contraceptives (OC) have been shown to induce in some women antiethinylestradiol antibodies which may be detected as circulating immune complexes by precipitation in ammonium sulphate at 25% saturation (CIC.AS). A reevaluation of the presence of CIC.AS in 644 women either receiving sex steroid hormones or not was made, and the respective role of estrogens and progestogens investigated, together with the influence of the dose. The study confirmed that CIC.AS levels were significantly different in controls (442 +/- 246 micrograms/ml serum), healthy gonadal hormone users (754 +/- 700 micrograms) and users with thrombosis (1331 +/- 1099 micrograms/ml). These results indicated that: 1. CIC.AS could be induced by synthetic estrogens as well as progestogens, but not by non-synthetic hormones; 2. the induction of CIC.AS seemed poorly dose-related, and 3. was not correlated with the duration of use; 4. in reactive women, high CIC.AS levels occurred as soon as 3 weeks after the beginning of synthetic gonadal hormones use, persisted throughout treatment and decreased slowly when discontinued; 5. in women with thrombosis CIC.AS were more frequently detected (64.7%) than in healthy users (32.2%) P less than 0.001. The importance of the immunologic changes as a risk factor in thrombosis in OC users was evaluated in comparison with other predisposing factors and tobacco smoking.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Oral contraception, circulating immune complexes, antiethinylestradiol antibodies, and thrombosis.

Circulating immune complexes were detected in women on oral contraceptives (OC) by a simple antigen nonspecific method using precipitation of serum in 25% saturated ammonium sulfate (CIC-AS). A significant correlation was found between the presence of CIC-AS and the OC vascular risk. A radioimmunoassay with tritiated ethinylestradiol indicated that CIC-AS contained antiethinylestradiol antibodies (anti-EE Ab) in a number of OC users, but indicated also that 1) anti-EE Ab may be found in cases with no detectable CIC-AS, 2) CIC-AS containing no anti-EE Ab are found in nonusers, and 3) even in OC users the CIC-AS may contain antibodies to other ligands than EE. The study demonstrated also that, in OC users with a vascular complication, anti-EE Ab were more frequently detected (78% of cases) than CIC-AS (60%). Moreover, among OC users with CIC-AS, anti-EE Ab were found in 95% of women with a vascular complication and only 37% of current healthy users. The detection of anti-EE Ab appears to be more predictive, with regard to the vascular risk of OC, than the detection of CIC-AS.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effects of probucol on the cholesterol content of skin in type II hyperlipoproteinemias.

500 mg of probucol were given twice a day for 6 months to 20 type II hyperlipoproteinemic patients, 14 men and 6 women, including 10 type IIb and 10 type IIa cases. Tendon xanthomas were present in 11 and xanthelasma in 4. Their mean blood cholesterol level was 435 +/- 100 mg/100 ml and triglycerides 210 +/- 138 mg/100 ml. A normal diet was maintained during the treatment period. Skin biopsies were made on the forearm, before and after the 6 month treatment. After lyophilization of the skin fragments, the free and esterified cholesterol contents were measured by gas chromatography after preparative thin layer chromatography on silica gel. The free and esterified cholesterol contents of the skin both appear to be significantly increased when the values found before treatment in these patients are compared with those of skin analysis in 10 normal controls: 2.25 to 1.58 micrograms/mg freeze-dried skin, p less than 0.001 for the esterified fraction. After 6 month probucol treatment the free cholesterol does not change significantly (2.25 to 2.16) and the esterified cholesterol increases (0.44 to 0.66, p less than 0.01). This effect is suggestive of an interaction of probucol with the synthesis and transport of cholesterol at the tissue level. It may be significant for the understanding of the effects of this drug and others on xanthelasma, tendon xanthomas, and atherosclerosis. In one of the cases studied here, the xanthelasma was greatly reduced during the treatment.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1981

[Vascular thrombosis in synthetic estrogen-progestogen users: an immune mechanism (author's transl)].

In a number of women the use of combined oral contraceptives (OC) may induce the production of anti-ethinylestradiol antibodies circulating as immune complexes (IC) and which precipitate when the serum is brought at 25% saturation in ammonium sulphate. Testing for tests ICs in 50 women who had never taken OCs, in 100 women on OCs but otherwise healthy, and in 17 women on OCs presenting with vascular thrombosis showed that 20% of all healthy women and more than 95% of women with thrombosis were immunoreactive. The statistically significant correlation found between thrombosis and the presence in the serum of ICs and anti-ethinylestradiol antibodies suggests that an immune mechanism might be responsible for the vascular lesions induced by oral contraceptives containing synthetic estrogens.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Vascular thrombosis and oral contraceptives - a risk correlated study.

An immunological mechanism of the vascular complications related to oral contraceptives (O.C.) was suggested by the demonstration of circulating anti-ethinylestradiol antibodies in several cases. According to the characteristics of the specific immunoglobulins (Ig), a test based upon Ig precipitability in 25% saturated ammonium sulfate was developed. This test was applied to several groups of women on O.C. with and without thrombosis, and to a control group. Results indicated: (1) that the test was positive in nearly 100% of women with a vascular thrombosis on O.C.; and (2) that the test could detect among healthy contraceptive users a group of women who may be considered as at risk. The role of adjuvant factors is considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Study of free and esterified cholesterol in skin in atherogenic hyperlipidemias.

Free and esterified cholesterol in the skin were assayed by gas chromatography after thin layer histochromatographic separation. There were 20 controls of both sexes, 36 subjects with type lla hyperlipoproteinemia, 27 with type IIb hyperlipoproteinemia and 19 with type IV hyperlipoproteinemia. Esterified skin cholesterol levels were higher in women with the type of lla disorder and in subjects with tendinous xanthomas. The levels of esterified skin cholesterol in type II women is not correlated with free skin cholesterol or with total circulating cholesterol; all these parameters are correlated in men. Furthermore, skin cholesterol levels were determined in 15 type II subjects before and after a six month treatment with the anticholesterolemic probucol. Cholesterolemia decreased 10 per cent, free skin cholesterol decreased slightly and esterified skin cholesterol increased significantly, as did the esterified/total skin cholesterol ratio. These data suggest the existence of a relationship between low vascular risk and elevated levels of esterified skin cholesterol (or elevated esterified/total skin cholesterol ratio).

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Detection of pill-induced antiethinylestradiol antibodies (author's transl)].

The synthetic hormones contained in contraceptive pills were shown to induce antiethinylestradiol (EE) antibodies in some women. These antibodies can be detected by the presence of circulating immune complexes (CIC) which are precipitated from serum in 25 p. cent saturated ammonium sulphate. A method of analysis of the anti-EE antibodies is described, in which binding of tritiated EE is measured with and without addition of unlabeled EE in excess. This method allows to identify specific reversible binding on saturable sites. Because of the large excess of non specific sites, the whole serum was enriched in antibodies before the binding measurement, either by previous separation of CIC, or by an affinity chromatography on a EE column. Results of this method confirmed the presence in a number of women on oral contraceptives, of immunoglobulins which were able to bind EE reversibly. The antibodies were found in CIC. in the absence of CIC, they were occasionally found in serum after an affinity chromatography on a EE column. This method is felt to allow a more accurate detection of women immunoreactive to the pill.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1981

[Free and esterified cholesterol of the skin in atherogenic hyperlipidemias].

Skin free and esterified cholesterol were assayed using gaseous chromatography following plaque histochromatography separation in 20 control, 36 patients with Type II a hyperlipoproteinemia, 27 with Type II b hyperlipoproteinemia and 19 with Type IV hyperlipoproteinemia. Skin esterified cholesterol was higher in females with Type II a hyperlipoproteinemia without or with xanthomatosis. But the skin esterified cholesterol level was not correlated with skin free cholesterol nor with blood total cholesterol levels, while in males these parameters were well correlated. On the other hand skin cholesterol was assayed in 15 patients with Type II hypercholesterolemia before and after a 6-month treatment with Probucol: there was 10p. 100 reduction of cholesterol level, and a weak decrease in skin free-cholesterol; in contrast, skin esterified cholesterol increased significantly as well as the skin esterified cholesterol/skin total cholesterol ratio (EC/TC). These data suggest a connection between weak vascular risk and skin esterified cholesterol high level (or high EC/TC in skin).

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Effects of probucol on skin cholesterol concentrations in patients with type II hyperlipoproteineamia (author's transl)].

Twenty patients (14 male and 6 female) with hyperlipoproteineamia (type IIa in 10 and type IIb in 10) were given probucol 500 mg b.d. during 6 months. Eleven patients had xanthoma tendinosum and 4 had xanthelasma. The mean plasma cholesterol and plasma triglyceride levels were 435 +/- 100 mg/dl and 210 +/- 138 mg/dl respectively. Normal diet was continued throughout. Skin biopsies were performed on the forearm before and after treatment. The skin fragments were freeze-dried, and free (FCh) and esterified (ECh) cholesterol concentrations were measured by gas chromatography after preliminary thin layer chromatography on silica gel. FCh and ECh were found to be significantly increased before treatment when compared with skin concentrations in 10 control subjects; FCh ranged from 2.25 to 1.58 microgram/mg (p < 0.001) and ECh from 0.44 to 0.16 microgram/mg of dry tissue (p < 0.001). After 6 months' treatment with probucol, there was no significant change in FCh (2.25 to 2.16 microgram/mg), but a significant rise was observed in ECh (0.44 to 0.66 microgram/mg; p < 0.01). This effect suggests that probucol interferes with cholesterol synthesis and transport in human tissues, which might help to comprehend the action of this and other drugs on xanthelasma, xanthoma tendinosum and atherosclerosis. In one of the patients, a xanthelasma was considerably reduced in size following probucol treatment.

Adult↗