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Biomedical subjects

V Anderson

Publications and source records attributed to V Anderson.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

A survey of patients selected by general practitioners for home care of suspected myocardial infarction: arrhythmia detection using Holter monitoring.

From the Lancaster district (pop. 50 000) 101 patients were selected for home care of suspected acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by their general practitioners (GPs) and 78% were seen within 6 h (44% within 2 h). Infarction was confirmed in 54 cases compared with 203 in the coronary case unit over the same period. Reasons given for home management were stable condition (48%), diagnostic doubt (34%), patient preference (18%), good home (15%), age (14%). Holter ECGs from 97 patients were analysed to see if arrhythmias were undetected clinically and recordings of at least 20 h were obtained in 88 (91%). Symptoms drew attention to atrial arrhythmias in 5 patients. Ventricular premature beats were recorded in 96% of the AMI group (84% of the non-MI), ventricular tachycardia in 21% of the AMI patients (5% non-MI), atrial fibrillation in 25% of AMI (7% non-MI) and complex ventricular ectopic activity (Lown 3-5) was found in 81% of the AMI (58% of the non-MI). We conclude that the GPs in the Lancaster district select patients for home care of AMI on clinical and social grounds rather than time after onset. Holter ECG recordings reveal major arrhythmias which are usually undetected clinically and are at least as common as those found in CCU treated patients. Further studies involving larger numbers of home treated patients monitored early are required to identify criteria for home care.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Resolution of right atrial thrombus shown by serial cross sectional echocardiography.

A 78 year old woman with congestive cardiac failure developed pulmonary embolism. Cross sectional echocardiography detected an undulating fusiform mass attached to the lateral wall of the right atrium and protruding through the tricuspid valve. Serial cross sectional echocardiograms showed a reduction in the size of the mass, and by three months the mass was immobile and attached by a broad base to the lateral atrial wall. The mass was assumed to be a thrombus, and treatment with heparin and oral anticoagulants appeared to prevent the development of further pulmonary emboli.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Effects of maternal isolation on the development of activity rhythms in infant rats.

Motor activity of infant rats was measured continuously from day 3 to day 18 of post-natal age. Mother reared pups maintained on a 12 hour light/12 hour dark cycle (MRLD) show a clear predominance of nocturnal activity on day 31 post conception (post-natal day 9 or 10), 4 days before eye opening. Nocturnal partitioning increases progressively to the time of weaning. Rats reared artificially and in isolation from maternal and sibling contact but in the same light/dark regimen (ARLD) fail to develop clear nocturnal partitioning of motor activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Enhanced late survival following coronary artery bypass graft operation for unstable versus chronic angina.

Late survival following coronary artery bypass operation is time-frame dependent, with a major improvement occurring by 1974. In the cohort of patients undergoing operation between 1974 and mid-1982, subsets were present with further enhanced survival. In this study of 3,575 patients, the urgency of clinical presentation is examined as a survival determinant, and the results are seemingly paradoxical. Among the 1,404 patients with chronic angina, survival at 1 month was 98.3%; at 5 years, 88%; and at 8 years, 79%. Among the 1,008 patients with progressive angina, survival at 1 month was 97.8%; at 5 years, 90%; and at 8 years, 80%. Among the 1,163 patients with unstable angina, 1-month survival was 98.3%; 5-year survival, 92%; and 8-year survival, 89%. The best long-term results were obtained in patients with an acute clinical presentation. Ventricular function was an important determinant of late survival for the groups with chronic (p less than 0.001) and progressive (p less than 0.001) angina, but it had no effect in the group with unstable angina (p = 0.803). For the patients with chronic angina and good left ventricular (LV) function, survival was 99.5% at 1 month; 92% at 5 years; and 86% at 8 years. For those with poor LV function, the respective survival was 96%, 84%, and 71%. For the patients with progressive angina and good LV function, 1-month survival was 98.9%; 5-year survival, 94%; and 8-year survival, 83%. For those with poor LV function, the respective figures were 96.3%, 85%, and 76%. For the patients with unstable angina and good LV function, survival at 1 month was 97.8%; at 5 years, 92%; and at 8 years, 89%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1984

The value of contrast cross-sectional echocardiography in the diagnosis of tricuspid regurgitation.

Reflux of contrast into the inferior vena cava and hepatic veins during held expiration was studied in 70 subjects using subxiphoid 2D echocardiography. Venous reflux of contrast occurred in 7/19 normal subjects (group 1), 13/17 patients with definite or probable tricuspid regurgitation (group 2), 10/13 patients with congestive cardiac failure (group 3) and 10/21 patients with miscellaneous cardiac conditions unlikely to be associated with tricuspid regurgitation (group 4). There were 30 patients with no appearance of microbubbles in the inferior vena cava and hepatic veins on suspended expiration: 10 of these had reflux of contrast when breathing was restarted. Of the 17 patients with atrial fibrillation, 14 showed reflux, but there were 3 patients with no reflux. We conclude that the appearance of contrast in the IVC and hepatic veins may be found in many subjects in whom tricuspid regurgitation is unlikely on clinical grounds, even when recordings are taken in held expiration. Atrial fibrillation alone does not necessarily cause venous reflux of contrast. Demonstration of simple venous reflux of contrast by 2D echocardiography is too non-specific for routine use in the detection of tricuspid regurgitation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Two dimensional echocardiography and the tricuspid valve. Leaflet definition and prolapse.

The tricuspid valve was studied in 143 subjects using two dimensional echocardiography. The groups studied were 40 normal subjects, 31 patients with mitral valve prolapse, 22 with clinically probable tricuspid valve prolapse, 20 with congestive cardiac failure, and 30 with miscellaneous cardiac conditions but no features of right heart disease. Using multiple views it was possible to record all three leaflets in 74.8% of cases and anterior and septal leaflets in 95%. Prolapse of the tricuspid valve was recognised in 13 patients: six (19.5%) of the group with mitral valve prolapse and seven (6%) of the remaining patients. Prolapse of all three leaflets was shown in one patient, anterior and septal prolapse in six patients, anterior and posterior in three patients, septal leaflet prolapse alone in two patients, and anterior alone in one patient. Two dimensional echocardiography allows definition of individual tricuspid leaflets and prolapse of any or all leaflets can be diagnosed. Tricuspid valve prolapse is commonly associated with prolapse of mitral valve leaflets but isolated cases are recognised.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Nonstarch polysaccharide consumption in four Scandinavian populations.

Nonstarch polysaccharide (NSP) intake was measured in representative samples of 30 men aged 50-59 in 2 urban and 2 rural Scandinavian populations that exhibited a 3-4 fold difference in incidence of large bowel cancer. Intake was measured by chemical analysis of complete duplicate portions of all food eaten over one day by each individual. NSP intakes showed a rural-urban gradient, with 18.4 +/- 7.8 g/day in rural Finland and 18.0 +/- 6.4 g/day in rural Denmark versus 14.5 +/- 5.4 g/day in urban Finland and 13.2 +/- 4.8 g/day in urban Denmark. NSP intakes were also calculated (using food tables) from weighed food records kept over 4 days, one of which was the day on which the duplicate collection was made. Intakes were 2-2.5 g/day higher with this method than with direct chemical analysis, mainly because published tables of values have become outdated and inaccurate as a result of improved methods for measuring NSP in food. Individual variation from day to day in NSP intake was considerable. Average NSP intake and intake of some of its component sugars were inversely related to colon cancer incidence in this geographical comparison. To show a relationship at the individual level between diet and cancer risk in a prospective study would require detailed and accurate methods for the assessment of NSP consumption.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

Coronary artery injury by a valved external conduit.

A 4-month-old infant underwent repair of type I truncus arteriosus and died immediately after as a consequence of left main coronary artery compression by the metallic stent in the Dacron conduit. To avoid injury to the coronary vasculature, the future location of the porcine valve ring should be assessed and relocated if necessary.

Bioprosthesis↗