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Biomedical subjects

V Albanese

Publications and source records attributed to V Albanese.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Linear contrast enhancement at the operative site on early post-operative CT after removal of brain tumors.

It is unclear whether a linear contrast enhancement at the edges of the operative site on early CT scan indicates a residual tumor or rather reflects postoperative changes. We have studied 15 patients treated with surgical removal of malignant brain tumor, submitted to periodic CT scan. The enhancement of linear contrast was due to a residual tumor, when seen on very early CT scan (within 24 hours after surgery). If occurring later, this enhancement was either generated by a residual tumor or by post-operative changes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Distal posterior inferior cerebellar artery saccular and giant aneurysms: report of two new cases and a comprehensive review of the surgically-treated cases.

Aneurysms of the distal posterior inferior cerebellar artery are rare comprising less than 0.5 to 3% of all aneurysms. The authors report two cases of distal PICA aneurysms: a case of a ruptured saccular aneurysm arising on the tonsillomedullary segment of the PICA and a case of a giant aneurysm arising on junctional site of lateral-medullary and tonsillo-medullary segments. In the first case subarachnoid and intraventricular hemorrhage was diagnosed by CT and four vessel-angiography visualized the aneurysm which was clipped successfully. In the second case MRI was suggestive for posterior fossa giant aneurysm; four vessel angiography confirmed the suspicion, detected distal PICA origin of the giant aneurysm and disclosed the association with a middle cerebral artery saccular aneurysm. Because of lacking of a clippable neck and important perforating vessels to brainstem, the aneurysm was trapped and excised successfully. The literature is exhaustively reviewed. Discussion regarding to distal PICA aneurysm distribution (location, age, sex, multiplicity and associated vascular anomalies), pathophysiology, clinical presentation, neuroradiological findings, surgery and outcome is presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Orbital "blow-in" fracture: MRI.

A case of traumatic orbital encephalocele following a "blow-in" fracture is presented. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings are shown. Although CT was useful for identifying the orbital roof fracture, bone fragments and soft tissue abnormalities, MRI was more sensitive to brain herniation and an intraorbital haematoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Craniofacial pain and incomplete oculomotor palsy associated with ipsilateral primitive trigeminal artery. Case report.

A case is reported of persistent primitive trigeminal artery associated with recurrent facial pain and noncomitant strabismus by partial ipsilateral oculomotor palsy. Transcranial Doppler disclosed indirectly persistent carotid-basilar anastomosis. CT and angiography allowed complete diagnosis excluding a posterior communicating artery aneurysm, a Tolosa-Hunt syndrome and an ophthalmoplegic migraine. Steroid therapy is recommended treatment. Surgery should be considered when symptoms are intractable to medical therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Cerebellar hemorrhage in xanthomatous neoplastiform lesion of vermis cerebelli. Case report.

A xanthomatous lesion of vermis cerebelli was removed successfully from the posterior fossa of a 19 years old girl with insulin-dependent diabetes and hypercholesterolemia, admitted for cerebellar hemorrhage. A review of literature shows that this is the first case of xanthomatous lesion presented with cerebellar hemorrhage. The pathogenesis of this lesion is reviewed as it relates to the presentation of this case.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Hemangioendothelioma mimicking a median nerve neoplasm. Case report.

The authors report a case of brachial vein epithelioid hemangioendothelioma resembling a median nerve neoplasm clinically and radiologically. It was found as a mass closely attached to median nerve and arising from one of two brachial veins. Simple resection, requiring sacrifice of the vein, allowed nerve median sparing but recurrence occurred one year later. Hemangioendothelioma should be also considered in differential diagnosis and in the planning surgery of arm median nerve masses. Wide local excision is surgical treatment recommended in those cases when regional lymph nodes or systemic metastasis have not been recognized. Regional lymph nodes resection and adjunctive radiation and chemo-therapy should be considered only for "malignant" or metastatic hemangioendothelioma.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1993

CT morphology of a median nerve neurilemmoma at the arm. Case report and review.

Computed tomography was performed in a patient with a median nerve tumor at the arm, histologically confirmed as neurilemmoma. Neurilemmoma was a slightly hypodense, solid tumor with no vascular contrast enhancement. To our knowledge this is the first CT description of a median nerve neurilemmoma at the arm. According to our experience and to previous literature, CT gives useful information regarding extent, anatomic location, size and relationship of peripheral nerve neoplasm to surrounding structures and may be an useful tool for evaluation arm nerve mass and for appropriate planning of surgical therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Microsurgical management of suprasellar and intraventricular meningiomas.

A series of 78 intracranial meningiomas (68 suprasellar, 10 intraventricular) were operated on in our Institute after the advent of the operating microscope. In our review, we discuss the microsurgical technical problems related to the preservation of vascular and brain structures in the removal of intraventricular and parasellar meningiomas. Basic diagnostic criteria to plan correctly the surgical approach will be emphasized. Mortality and morbidity in parasellar meningiomas is, in our opinion, related to the experience of the surgeon in using the operating microscope rather then in using the laser and CUSA. We will also discuss the utility of preoperative embolization of the lesion as well as the indications for intraoperative EC/IC bypass. Finally, morbidity and mortality related to different approaches for intraventricular meningiomas will be discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Receptor-mediated stimulation of inositol phospholipid hydrolysis in human brain.

Stimulation of inositol phospholipid hydrolysis by transmitter receptor agonists was studied in slices from the occipital, temporal and cerebellar cortex that were surgically removed from three patients during ablation of brain tumors. Norepinephrine and the muscarinic acetylcholine agonist carbamylcholine increased the content of [3H]inositol monophosphate (InsP) in all the regions examined, whereas the glutamate receptor agonist quisqualate was effective only in the cerebellar slices. These results provide evidence that neurotransmitter receptors are coupled to inositol phospholipid hydrolysis in human brain tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Italian multicenter study of reversible cerebral ischemic attacks. Part 5. Risk factors and cerebral atherosclerosis.

As part of a prospective study, the influence of several premorbid and environmental factors on the presence, extent and severity of cerebral vessel atherosclerosis was studied in 462 patients with clinical diagnosis of RIA who underwent cerebral angiography. The extent and severity of atherosclerosis of the cerebral vessels was quantified using extracranial and intracranial cerebrovascular scores (ECS, ICS) based on the number and severity of the lesions in 11 extracranial and 21 intracranial arterial segments. Results of univariate and multivariate analyses indicate that the presence of atherosclerotic changes of cerebral vessels, as shown by angiography, was strongly related with age in both sexes. The lesions were more frequent in males, in particular under age 55. Elevated cholesterol was associated with a higher incidence of atherosclerotic lesions. Smoking was associated with a higher incidence of extracranial lesions. Age, smoking and history of hypertension were the best predictors of the extent and severity of cerebral vessel atherosclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Association of bilateral extracranial internal carotid artery occlusion and midline brain tumour.

A 42-year-old patient with a bilateral extracranial internal carotid occlusion which was associated with a midline intracerebral tumour of the genu of the corpus callosum, is reported. This rare association is discussed in the light of the pathogenetic theories referred to in the literature in similar cases. It is felt that, such cases, although rarely encountered, should stimulate the adoption of more accurate neuroradiological investigations, in patients harbouring brain tumours, in order carefully to plan the anaesthetic and surgical procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Nontumoral aqueductal stenosis in children affected by von Recklinghausen's disease.

The authors report three cases of primary nontumoral aqueductal stenosis associated with von Recklinghausen's disease in children. Moreover, 16 similar cases collected from the literature are presented. The clinical features are evaluated in light of data from the literature. Among all 19 cases, the median age was 19 years (range 6-46 years), and nine patients were under the age of 13 years. Our own patients underwent ventriculoatrial shunt procedures, followed by clinical recovery (follow-up 2-5 years). In one patient, computed tomography scanning performed 20 months after the operation showed a chronic calcified subdural hematoma in the right frontoparietal area. In conclusion, it is felt that, among all the pathological events usually described in patients affected by neurofibromatosis, primary aqueductal stenosis seems to be part of the natural history of this neurological syndrome.

Cerebral Aqueduct↗
PubMed1986

Early partial reperfusion in a new rat model of focal cerebral ischaemia.

The influence of early partial reperfusion in a new rat model of focal cerebral ischaemia was investigated. Two groups, each of 30 adult male rats, were subjected to permanent occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery. The former, (group A) had an additional permanent occlusion of both common carotid arteries; the latter (group B) had a temporary carotid occlusion lasting for two hours. Mortality rate, evaluated within three days, was 70% in group A and 20% in group B. The mean size of cerebral infarcts was 63% in group A whereas it was 21% in group B. These data suggest that, in this animal model, early partial reperfusion is effective in reducing the mortality rate, and the size of the cerebral infarcts. Furthermore, this experimental model appears suitable for studies elucidating the role of reperfusion and/or other efforts in focal cerebral ischaemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Gastric emptying of solids in gastroesophageal reflux].

Delayed gastric emptying has been assumed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux (GER), even though this relationship has not been definitely established. Eleven patients with symptomatic GER were studied by esophageal manometry, endoscopy, gastroesophageal scintiscanning and gastric emptying of a mixed meal. Nine healthy subjects served as controls. Gastric emptying of solids (evaluated both as emptying half-time and emptying index) in GER patients was significantly slower than in controls. In comparison with a "normal" range previously established in 50 healthy subjects, only 2 of 11 (18.2 p. 100) of GER patients had a normal emptying rate. In addition, a significant correlation was found between the emptying half-time and the degree of esophageal lesions. These results suggest that impaired motor function of the gastric antrum could influence the natural history of GER disease and especially the appearance of esophagitis. The lack of esophageal lesions in the only two patients with "normal" emptying strongly supports this hypothesis.

Adult↗