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Biomedical subjects

V Abdullah

Publications and source records attributed to V Abdullah.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Ex-utero intrapartum treatment: a controlled approach to the management of anticipated airway problems in the newborn.

Airway problems in an unborn foetus that may cause obstruction can be safely managed using an ex-utero intrapartum technique. Advanced technology now allows many congenital airway problems to be diagnosed in the prenatal period. Careful prenatal planning of an ex-utero intrapartum treatment allows safe airway control while the foetus remains on uteroplacental support. It avoids the need for emergent intervention of an acutely obstructed airway in a neonate that often has disastrous consequences.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

A case of neonatal stridor.

A case is reported of a retropharyngeal abscess in a neonate who presented with increasing stridor since birth. Group B streptococcus was cultured from the abscess contents and the maternal birth tract.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2001

Tracheal intubation using suspension laryngoscopy in an infant with Goldenhar's syndrome.

We present a case of a ten-month-old boy with Goldenhar's syndrome and significant retrognathia in whom a tracheostomy was performed to relieve upper airway obstruction. Tracheal intubation was facilitated by direct suspension laryngoscopy using a slotted rigid laryngoscope. We propose this technique as an alternative method for tracheal intubation in infants and young children with a difficult airway. The management of the difficult airway in children with Goldenhar's syndrome is discussed.

Goldenhar Syndrome↗
PubMed2001

Hereditary angioedema: report of a case.

Hereditary angioedema is caused by an absolute deficiency or the functional inactivity of C1 esterase inhibitor in plasma. A precise diagnosis is important because, unlike allergic forms of mucocutaneous edema, this condition does not respond to epinephrine, antihistamines, or corticosteroids. We report the case of a 24-year-old man who experienced an acute attack after he had stopped taking his prophylactic medication.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in a family with Crouzon's syndrome.

Craniofacial anomalies are recognized causes of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in children. Current literature is limited due to rarity of cases. Furthermore, the mechanism of upper airway obstruction is not clearly understood. We would like to report a family (father and 2 sons) who are suffering from Crouzon's syndrome. The two brothers (ages 1 and 3) were found to have significant obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) with failure to thrive. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) markedly improved their OSAS and resulted in accelerated weight gain. The nasoendoscopy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan taken during natural sleep showed that choanal stenosis, maxillary hypoplasia, posteriorly displaced tongue, lengthened soft palate and adenoid tissues were important in the pathogenesis of upper airways obstruction in Crouzon's syndrome. Nasal CPAP improved airway obstruction by opening a narrow slit as demonstrated by MRI. Our results suggest that OSAS occurred in children with Crouzon's syndrome and that nasal CPAP was a useful treatment modality.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Video-assisted interventional bronchoscopy. The Hong Kong experience.

BACKGROUND: Major airway obstruction due to benign or malignant etiology is not uncommon and is always distressing. Intraluminal stenting has been shown to be a safe and effective approach for symptomatic relief in selected patients based on the European and North American experience. METHODS: We reviewed our experience in Hong Kong on airway stenting over a 19-month period. RESULTS: From February 1994 to August 1995, 33 silicone stents (Dumon stent, Cometh, Marseille, France) were placed in 23 patients (20 males, three females with mean age 61.4 years, range from 26 to 81). Eighteen stents were placed in the trachea, nine in the left main stem, five in the right main stem, and one Y-stent over the carina. Twelve patients had esophageal carcinoma involving the airway, seven had bronchial carcinoma, one had metastatic carcinoma, and three had benign strictures (of which two were due to tuberculosis). There was no procedural related mortality. Stent migration occurred in four patients (17%) and required stent change. Symptoms were improved in all patients as documented by the visual analogue scale. CONCLUSION: Our experience represents the "stentable" diseases seen in Hong Kong, where carcinoma of the esophagus (and tuberculosis) remains prevalent. We conclude that intraluminal stenting remains a safe and effective approach in selected patients with critical airway stenosis. Complications, however, do exist and should be realized by the operator, the patients, and their families.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Dumon silicone stents in obstructive tracheobronchial lesions: the Hong Kong experience.

The insertion of intraluminal stents is an effective method of relieving the distressing symptom of asphyxia in patients with obstructive lesions in the trachea and main-stem bronchi. We report our experience in the use of the studded Dumon silicone stent (Endoxane prosthesis; Axion, Aubagne, France). Between February 1994 and August 1996, 42 stents were placed in 30 patients. Of the 27 patients with a malignant stricture, 10 had carcinoma of the bronchus, 13 carcinoma of the esophagus, and 4 metastatic carcinoma involving the tracheobronchial tree. The benign lesions were made up of two tuberculous strictures and one suprastomal stenosis after tracheostomy. Stents were placed through a rigid bronchoscope with patients under general anesthesia. Postplacement assessment was performed with a 10-point, symptom-based visual analog scale. In eight less urgent cases, forced expiratory volume in 1 second and forced vital capacity were determined before and after surgery. The mean symptomatic improvement on the 10-point scale was 6.1 points, whereas the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (in the eight patients tested) improved by 75%, and the forced vital capacity improved by 54%. The median survival was 2 months for patients with carcinoma of the bronchus and 3 months for patients with carcinoma of the esophagus. Two patients with metastatic carcinoma and all of the patients with the benign lesions were alive and well after 12 months of follow-up. Insertion of the Dumon stent is a simple, safe, and effective method of countering the distressing symptoms arising from obstructive tracheobronchial lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Extramedullary nasal plasmacytoma--an unusual clinical entity.

A case of extramedullary plasmacytoma with its unusual appearance is reported. This is the second reported case in world literature affecting the paranasal sinuses with intracranial extension. The role of surgery is to obtain tissue for diagnosis and to excise residual disease. Radiotherapy is the treatment of choice and long-term follow-up is necessary for monitoring disease recurrence. The overall 10-year survival is about 50%. The case is discussed with a general review of the management of this pathology.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Vocal process granulomata.

The case records and histology of 34 patients with vocal process granulomata were reviewed. The five patients presenting most recently with idiopathic vocal process granulomata were investigated by axial computerized tomography (CT). Increased density of the arytenoid cartilage on the side of the lesion was found in all five cases. It is suggested that this indicates cartilage ossification, secondary to perichondritis. This perichondritis, playing either a primary or a secondary role in granuloma development, may explain the annoying tendency of vocal fold granulomata to recur after excision.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Middle ear lipoma.

We report a case of primary middle ear lipoma diagnosed in the right ear of a five-year-old child with concurrent bilateral middle ear effusions. The lipoma occupied a site favoured by congenital cholesteatoma and was occlusive to the eustachian tube contributing to its dysfunction. This is the first case of de novo middle ear lipoma diagnosed in the UK, and the third in world literature. Our CT scans are suggestive of a similar but smaller lesion in the left ear of the same child.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1991

Human papilloma virus and carcinoma of the laryngopharynx.

The presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) genomes 6, 11, 16 and 33 in 16 patients with laryngopharyngeal carcinomas was examined by means of a polymerase chain reaction. HPV genomes were detected in 75 per cent of cases. In hypopharyngeal carcinoma, HPV 6 and 11 were present in adjacent tissue but absent from the tumour. HPV 16 and 33 were present in 40 per cent of laryngeal tumours and adjacent tissue. These results suggest that HPV 16 and 33 may be closely associated with the development of some laryngopharyngeal carcinomas.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

The mechanism of liposome accumulation in infarction.

This paper explores the mechanism(s) whereby liposomes accumulate in chronically ischaemic myocardium and intestine. Plasma prepared from venous blood obtained at sites of myocardial and intestinal infarction does not promote the lysis of positively and negatively charged liposomes in vitro. Albumin-bound lysophosphatidylcholine (greater than or equal to 2 mM) lyses positively and negatively charged liposomes in vitro at similar rates. [99mTc]Diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) entrapped in positively charged liposomes was accumulated in ischaemic rat caecum/colon 6 and 24 h after mesenteric ligation. Presumably allied to the accumulation of liposomal components, necrotic caecum/colon showed marked Ca2+ accumulation and phospholipid depletion. It is postulated that Ca2+ and Ca2+-activated membrane phospholipases may be implicated in the mechanism of liposome accumulation in chronic ischaemia.

Animals↗