Electrophoretic mobilities of keratinocytes from normal skin and psoriatic lesions.
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Electrophoresis↗
Biomedical subjects
U Wollina
Publications and source records attributed to U Wollina.
Epidermal Merkel cells in psoriatic lesions: immunohistochemical investigations on neuroendocrine antigen expression.
Biopsy specimens from lesional psoriatic skin and from normal controls were investigated by immunohistochemistry for the presence of epidermal Merkel cells (MC). MC were defined as epidermal cells expressing simple-type keratins, i.e. nos. 8, 18, and 19. A significant number of MC could be found at the bottom of the rete ridges of psoriatic lesions (about 19.6 MC per square mm skin surface area) and of normal skin (about 14.0 MC per square mm surface area). In contrast to normal skin, MC of psoriatic lesions were positive for synaptophysin (21.7% of simple-type keratin positive epidermal cells, i.e. MC), pancreatic polypeptide (14.8%), somatostatin (7.0%), and chromogranin A (less than 3%). The immunostaining was rather faint though significantly different from normal skin. The findings suggest that in psoriasis, epidermal MC show variations of the expression of neuropeptides compared to normal skin. Since some of the neuropeptides are thought to be involved in hyperproliferation and/or skin immunology, our findings might suggest a functional activity of epidermal MC in psoriatic lesions different from normal controls.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
Histochemistry of the human hair follicle with consideration of anagen phases I to VI.
The hair follicle is composed of different epithelial layers under participation of mesenchymal and nerval factors. The present study is an attempt to localize differentiation and functional markers in the human hair follicle during anagen phases I to VI. Monoclonal antibody K 8.12 against keratins 13 and 16 showed an increasing reactivity with certain types of the follicle epithelia during anagen I to VI. Ki67 was expressed within the innermost layer of the outer hair root sheath. Scattered Ki67-positive matrix cells could be additionally identified during anagen V and VI but were absent in anagen I to IV. During anagen Merkel cells became more abundant in the bulbar area. Neuropeptide-like immunoreactivity expressed by bulbar (especially matrix) cells were evenly seen during the early anagen I and II. The findings are in favour of a neurohumoral modulatory role during anagen phases accompanied by an increase of expression of certain proliferation-associated antigens like keratin 16 and Ki67 among the complex epithelia of human hair follicles.
Antibodies↗
Histochemistry of the porcine pilosebaceous unit.
The present study describes lectin and immunoreactivity in the pilosebaceous unit of porcine skin. Complex carbohydrates of mucin and biantennary Man/Gluc types were distributed among hair follicle epithelia (hair root sheaths, cuticula, shaft, and shaft matrix). Sebaceous glands expressed biantennary Man/Gluc carbohydrates and GalNAc residues. The expression of simple-type and epidermis-like keratins was confirmed by immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibodies. Filaggrin-positive cells were found in the keratinizing zone of Henle's layer in anagen follicles. The innermost layer of the outer hair root sheath was stained with antibodies against the epidermal growth factor-receptor, keratin 10 and Ki67 antigen. The differences to humans were remarkably small.
Animals↗
Tissue expansion in pig skin--a histochemical approach.
In the present study, a porcine model for controlled skin expansion was investigated to improve our understanding of epidermal and vascular responses following stretching. The model is of outstanding importance not only for the clinical use of tissue expansion but provides interesting data for skin physiology and oncology, too. Thirteen out of 15 animals, who underwent silicone tissue expander implantation showed good clinical results. In all of them, skin biopsies were taken at the end of a controlled tissue expansion procedure (final expander volumes 350 or 500 ccm): one tissue specimen was obtained from the centre of the expanded skin area and a second from the neighbouring but nonexpanded skin. The tissue specimens were immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and processed to 4 microns thick acetone-fixed frozen sections. Lectin histochemistry and immunohistology were performed using the following techniques: direct and indirect immunofluorescence technique (DIFT, IIFT), immunoperoxidase technique (POX) with either 3,3'-diamino-benzidine (DAB) or 3-amino-9-ethyl-carbazole (AEC). The histochemical findings were supplemented by measurements of the number of vital epidermal cell layers, the epidermal thickness (microns), and the papillary vascular count per visual field. There was a significant diminuation of the vascular count (mean +/- S.D. = 55.0% +/- 12.5%; U-test: p less than 5%). By immunohistochemistry, a loss of the basal cell reactivity for the following antibodies was noted: ACAM (against calmodulin), K 8.12 (against keratins 13 +/- 16) and A51-B/H4 (against keratins 8, 14, 18). There was a remarkable increase of filaggrin expression in the uppermost spinal cell layers in expanded skin, which was most pronounced in those specimens with the shortest interval to the last fluid injection into the expander. We gained no evidence for alterations of the expression of suprabasal epidermal keratins, lectin binding sites (UEA I, PNA, ConA, WGA), and vascular lectin- and immunoreactivity due to tissue expansion. The subdermal capsule, which had formed around the silicone expander, was strongly vimentin-reactive. In conclusion, controlled tissue expansion is capable to change the basal cell phenotype--a feature which is shared with a number of conditions with increased proliferative activity and with the epidermis covering different skin tumours. The regular expression of suprabasal keratins and epidermal lectin binding sites provides evidence for a normal epidermal cell differentiation. Furthermore, the porcine skin is a reliable model for studying physiology and pathophysiology of human skin.
Animals↗
Dermal cylindroma. Expression of intermediate filaments, epithelial and neuroectodermal antigens.
We report on immunohistochemical staining patterns in so-called apocrine tumors of skin with special emphasis on the dermal cylindroma. The results were compared with apocrine tubular adenoma, syringocystadenoma papilliferum and the normal eccrine sweat gland. A relationship of dermal cylindroma to the apocrine gland is suggested by expression of lysozyme and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin. The tumor shares keratin, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and EGF-receptor expression with eccrine and apocrine glands. The presence of intermingled cells with a coexpression of keratin and vimentin argues for a partial myoepithelia-like differentiation. Neuroectodermal antigens are missing. Therefore, dermal cylindroma is classified as an adnexal tumor of skin with a variable rate of cells of apocrine secretory, myoepithelial and undifferentiated phenotypes.
Adenoma↗
[Experimental studies on tissue expansion in reconstructive surgery].
In the present study, a porcine model for controlled tissue expansion was investigated under the conditions or formation of extreme enlarged randomized flaps. The circulatory disturbances and necrotizing processes to be expected were evaluated immediately after flap formation by intravenous injection of fluorescein dye to predict the surviving area. Lectin histochemistry and immunohistology were performed using either the direct and indirect immunofluorescence technique (DIFT, IIFT) or immunoperoxidase techniques (POX). Over all, the expanded randomized flaps healed without complications in all animals. The acute randomized flaps showed clear necroses already after 10 days. In the thoracic area they averaged 60.3% (SD = 8.17%) and in the pelvic area 47.32% (SD = 14.11%) of the flap. The use of the fluorescein dye test in the present experiment demonstrated that the flap surviving area is significantly greater than the flap staining area. The regular expression of suprabasal keratins and epidermal lectin binding sites provides evidence for a normal epidermal cell differentiation.
Animals↗
[Monosymptomatic Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome with subsequent vulvitis and perivulvitis granulomatosa].
We report on an 40-year-old woman with granulomatous facial swelling followed by vulvitis and perivulvitis granulomatosa. The characteristic histopathology with epitheloid cell granulomas was seen in samples from both the face and the vulva. By immunohistochemistry the lesions were characterized as consisting mainly of histiocytic and CD-30-positive T cells. The possible aetiology is discussed briefly.
Adult↗
[Nevus spongiosus et albus mucosae].
An 8-year-old girl with a non-familial case of white sponge nevus (WSN) is presented. The differential diagnosis is discussed with reference to anamnestic, clinical and histopathological data. In keratin expression, WSN resembles the epithelia of the hard palate and the tongue.
Child↗
[The effect of neuropeptides on wound healing in vitro and in vivo].
Neuropeptides constitute the largest family of extracellular messengers and have a long phylogenetic history. They and their receptors have been detected in normal human skin and related epithelial tissues. They act as neurotransmitters, hormones and paracrine factors. In skin they are involved in innervation, secretory gland function, growth control, and the regulation of blood flow. They are of remarkable interest in normal and disturbed wound healing, on three major levels: regulation of blood flow, modulation of inflammation, and trophism. Both neuropeptides and their antagonists are of potential interest as therapeutic agents. Their basic activities include immunomodulation, inhibition of inflammation, histamine release and stimulation of blood flow.
Animals↗
[Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome].
A case report on a 6-year-old boy suffering from the extremely rare Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome (progeria) is presented. The results of histopathological and immunohistological examination of the scar-like skin lesions are reported. Subcutaneous amorphous nodules were eosinophilic, PAS- und elastica-negative und remained unstained with antibodies against collagen type IV, vimentin, and collagenase. The dense perivascular infiltration consisted of CD4+, CD8-, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin-, MAC 387-, and some vimentin-positive cells. Perinodular blood vessels were more abundant and had a thickened wall. Collagen bundles were swollen. The epidermis appeared atrophic with focal basal cell degeneration.
Adipose Tissue↗
[Hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia syndrome--trichooculodermatovertebral syndrome].
We report on a 23-year-old women suffering from a hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with baldness, xerodermia, kyphosis of the chest, hypopigmented mamillae, disturbances of the menstrual cycle, dysphonia and keratitis punctata superficialis recidivans. The complex condition is classified as a tricho-oculo-dermo-vertebral syndrome. Immunohistological findings suggest a combined alteration of epithelial differentiation of hair follicles and interfollicular epidermis.
Adult↗
[Unilateral systematic linear porokeratosis. Immuno- and lectin histochemistry].
An uncommon case of unilateral systemic linear porokeratosis in a women aged 22 years is reported in this paper. The results obtained from frozen-section investigations into lectin binding were indicative of reduced epidermal fucosylation and sialinization beneath the cornoid lamella. The basal stratum failed to react with a polyclonal antibody against calmodulin. Epidermal reaction, with AS-6 staining against urokinase, was of higher intensity. The above findings, as a whole, are likely to suggest accelerated keratinocyte migration to the stratum corneum in cases of linear porokeratosis and and should actually support assignment of the latter to the group of dermatoses with transepidermal elimination.
Adult↗
Localization of calmodulin in epidermis and skin glands: a comparative immunohistological investigation in different vertebrate species.
The study deals with the immunolocalization of calmodulin-reactive epithelial cells in different vertebrates (Tinca tinca, Ambystoma mexicanum, Xenopus laevis, Rana ridibunda, Columba domestica, Sus scrofa domestica, Homo sapiens sapiens). The immunoperoxidase technique was performed on acetone fixed frozen sections using monoclonal (BF8) and polyclonal (ACAM) anti-calmodulin antibodies. We were able to differentiate 2 major types of staining patterns: 1. A more superficial epidermal staining in species adapted to an aqueous environment and 2. a staining along the epidermal-dermal junction in species adapted to a terrestrial environment. It seems most likely that epithelial cells immunoreactive for calmodulin are involved in skin permeability control.
Ambystoma↗
Immunohistochemistry of porcine skin.
The present paper reports immunohistological findings in porcine skin, which were obtained by use of mono- and polyclonal antihuman antibodies and either alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) or peroxidase (POX) technique. Epidermal staining was observed with antibodies to keratins (K 8.12, RSKE 60), filaggrin, and calmodulin (ACAM). Staining of connective tissue and vessels was achieved using antibodies to vimentin (V9(1)), collagen type IV, and fibronectin. In general, these antibodies gave a staining pattern similar to that of normal human skin. The similarities of immunoreactivity to poly- and monoclonal antihuman antibodies in porcine and human skin render porcine skin a reliable model in biomedical research.
Animals↗
Pachyonychia congenita. Immunohistologic findings.
Pachyonychia congenita (PC) is a very rare hereditary disorder of keratinization. Immunohistological findings has so far been lacking. Reported in this paper is a case of Jadassohn-Lewandowsky type PC in a woman aged 18 years on which immunohistological investigations could be performed. Several monoclonal antibodies to filaggrin and keratin were used to stain tissue sections of lesional plantar skin, with a view to studying impairment of epidermal differentiation. While staining patterns comparable to those of normal skin were exhibited by anti-filaggrin and some antikeratins (RPN 1161, A51-B/H4), substantially altered immunostaining was recordable from other anti-keratins. Only superficial vital keratinocytes were stained by RKSE 60 against keratin 10 and K 8.12 against keratins 13 and 16. The authors, in other words, obtained information on expression of keratin 10, normally occurring in all suprabasal keratinocytes, as well as of the basal proliferation keratin 16 in the uppermost vital cell positions of PC lesion. The above results are likely to suggest impairment of keratin expression in cases of PC.
Adolescent↗
Human eccrine sweat glands--a histochemical approach.
Histogenesis of eccrine sweat glands is incompletely understood. Histochemistry of the human eccrine sweat gland of adult skin by the use of lectins as well as antibodies to neuroglandular antigen (NGA) and urokinase was in favour of a relative independent differentiation from interfollicular epidermis. Expression of NGA by sweat glands is a feature unique among skin appendages. The possible impact of our findings for sweat gland histogenesis is briefly discussed.
Antigens↗
Human eccrine sweat gland. Expression of neuroglandular antigens and coexpression of intermediate filaments.
Acrosyringium, duct and secretory epithelium as well as myoepithelial cells of human eccrine sweat glands have been characterized by different immunostaining patterns with mono- and polyclonal antibodies to a wide spectrum of tissue antigens. Using monoclonal antibodies to neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and melanoma-associated antigens (LS 59, HMB-45, NKI/C-3) the expression of neuroectodermal antigens in secretory coils was demonstrated. Myoepithelial cells were double-stained with polyclonal vimentin and monoclonal CAM 5.2 (against keratins nos. 8, 18, 19) antibodies.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗