Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

U Winkler

Publications and source records attributed to U Winkler.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Differential diagnostic considerations in tumors in childhood in the ear-nose-throat specialty].

198 children with tumours in the head-neck region were treated in the Clinic of ENT of Karl Marx University of Leipzig in the period from 1953 to 1985. 166 benign and 32 malignant tumours were verified histologically. All of the tumours were analyzed in relation to histological classification and distribution of age and sex. Problems of differential diagnosis, early recognition, therapy, and prognosis were demonstrated with examples. An optimal interdisciplinary cooperation between pediatrician, oncologist, cyto-histologist, and otorhinolaryngologist is necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Infections of the respiratory tract with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis].

The main cause of death in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients is progressive pulmonary insufficiency frequently associated with chronic infections of the respiratory tract by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Bacteria of this species synthesize numerous extracellular products contributing to its pathogenicity. An alginate-like exopolysaccharide is characteristic for mucoid mutants predominating among P. aeruginosa isolates from CF patients. It interferes with immune defense mechanisms of the host and probably protects the bacteria against certain antibiotics. Furthermore, it is involved in the formation of bacterial microcolonies that resist mucociliary clearance, opsonisation, and phagocytosis. Exotoxin A and elastase are regarded as the most important among various extracellular enzymes involved in pulmonary injury in CF patients. Exotoxin A inhibits eukaryotic protein synthesis leading to necrosis; elastase, together with other Pseudomonas-proteases, induces hemorrhagic lesions and necrosis and seems to inactivate immunoglobulins and complement factors. Phospholipase C and glycolipid represent two hemolysins of P. aeruginosa that may contribute to cytopathogenic effects in infected lungs. No primary defect in the immunological defense mechanisms of CF patients has been described so far. Antibodies against various P. aeruginosa antigens including those mentioned above have been demonstrated, but a complete elimination of the bacteria from infected lungs has not been observed. Therapy of pulmonary P. aeruginosa infections in CF patients usually includes combinations of antibiotics of the beta-lactam and aminoglycoside type. Difficulties arise from an unusually high intrinsic resistance of P. aeruginosa as well as from poor penetration of many antibiotics into the sputum of CF patients. Therefore, future efforts to manage the Pseudomonas problem in CF will probably concentrate on prophylactic therapy, e.g. childhood vaccination of CF patients in order to prevent bacterial colonization of the respiratory tract.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1985

Characterization of Peroxisomes from the Alga Bumilleriopsis filiformis.

The Xanthophycean alga Bumilleriopsis filiformis possesses peroxisomes which on electron micrographs show a mostly spherical or ovoid shape with a diameter in the range of 0.3 micrometer. Their granular matrix is usually of moderate electron density and in a very few cases contains amorphous inclusions. No associations with other organelles could be observed.During separation in a sucrose gradient, the peroxisomes from Bumilleriopsis equilibrate at a density of 1.22 grams per cubic centimeter. Glycolate oxidase and glyoxylate-glutamate aminotransferase were found in the isolated organelles along with catalase and uricase. However, no further leaf peroxisomal enzymes were detected. This is the first time that an alga of the group of Xanthophyceae has been demonstrated to possess a glycolate oxidase.The organelles from Bumilleriopsis differ from leaf peroxisomes also by the absence of enzymes of the beta-oxidation pathway. All enzymes for the degradation of fatty acids which were tested are located solely in the mitochondria.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1984

Enzymes of beta-Oxidation in Different Types of Algal Microbodies.

The algae Mougeotia and Eremosphaera were used for isolation of microbodies with the characteristics of leaf peroxisomes and unspecialized peroxisomes, respectively. In both types of organelles, the following enzymes of the beta-oxidation pathway were determined: acyl-CoA oxido-reductase, enoyl-CoA hydratase, and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase. There are indications that the peroxisomal oxidoreductase of both algae is a H(2)O(2)-forming oxidase rather than a dehydrogenase.The enzymes enoyl-CoA hydratase and acyl-CoA oxidoreductase are located also in the mitochondria from Eremosphaera but not from Mougeotia. The mitochondrial acyl-CoA oxidizing enzyme was found to be a dehydrogenase. The specific activities of acyl-CoA oxidase and enoyl-CoA hydratase are lower than in spinach leaf peroxisomes. However, the activity of 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase in the peroxisomes of both algae is almost 2-fold higher. The capability for degradation of fatty acids is a common feature of all different types of peroxisomes from algae.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1983

[Cause of increased focal uptake in the cervical vertebrae in skeletal scintigraphic routine studies].

Focal uptake was seen in the cervical vertebral column of 61 patients in the course of routine bone scintigraphy. These focal increases were subjected to close analysis. In 60 of these patients (98.4%) degenerative lesions became manifest as the cause of the scintigraphic finding already by the bone scintigraphy pattern (paravertebral localisation in the posterior projection and dorsal localisation in the lateral. Two typical examples of metastatic changes are presented to facilitate differentiation. The bone scintigraphic pattern in arthrosis of the intervertebral joint is so typical that x-ray control examinations to confirm the diagnosis can be omitted in many cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Studies on the aminotransferases participating in the glycolate metabolism of the alga mougeotia.

Microbodies from Mougeotia spec., Strain 168.80 contain aminotransferases for conversion of glyoxylate to glycine and serine to hydroxypyruvate. Formation of glycine is possible at highest rates with alanine and glutamate as amino donors, whereas for deamination of serine, pyruvate and glyoxylate are the most convenient substrates. A serine hydroxymethyl-transferase was found exclusively in the mitochondrial fraction. There are indications that this enzyme is bound to the mitochondrial membranes. The activities of all transferases are increased under culture conditions stimulating the synthesis of glycolate.

Journal Article↗