[Structure and action of insulin. II. Synthetic A-chains with varied sequence].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adipose Tissue↗
Biomedical subjects
U Weber
Publications and source records attributed to U Weber.
[Stroke in the child: etiology, differential diagnosis, relevant diagnostic procedures and therapeutic possibilities].
Strokes in children occur in conjunction with arteriovenous malformations or with occlusive vascular diseases secondary to cardiac disease, intracranial infection, hematological and metabolic disorders. Recently several inborn errors of metabolism have been recognized as possible causes of strokelike events and should be considered in differential diagnosis. In a survey we describe our experience with stroke and strokelike episodes in childhood and discuss the approach selected for its management.
Adolescent↗
[Permanent central venous access in chronically-ill children].
15 patients aged 8 months to 18 years received implanted venous access catheters. Blood sampling and continuous infusions up to 52 days were performed via these devices. The systems were used for 18-166+ days and implanted for 18-635+ days. The complication rate was low and seems to be dependent on the experience of the caretaker. The systems are a valuable addition in the care of chronic sick children and offer new perspectives of therapy.
Adolescent↗
[Preliminary results of treatment with vascular pedicled iliac bone chip in femur head necrosis].
For revascularisation of femoral head with osteonecrosis and pseudarthrosis of the femoral neck 68 femoral head were treated with a pedicled bonegraft. Therefore were taken the medial bonegraft (A. circumflexa ilium profunda) and the lateral bonegraft, based on the deep branches of the superior gluteal vessels. On the basis of postexamination it is reported about the first 35 patients, who were treated with a medial autological pedicled bonegraft. Prae- and postoperative each of them was clinical, radiological and angiological examinated. Because of this operation in 78.8% the clinical picture, existing about pain and the ability to walk and move, could be improved.
Adult↗
[Cerebral vein and sinus thrombosis--an important cause of benign intracranial pressure increase in childhood].
The syndrome of raised intracranial pressure without any space-occupying lesion (pseudotumor cerebri) is still of unknown etiology. To some degree, secondary causes can be found. With respect to the therapeutical possibilities, a clinically important cause is the thrombosis of a major cerebral sinus. In children it is sometimes associated with otitis media. However, clinical signs of mastoiditis can be missed because of previous antibiotic treatment. We observed 11 children with pseudotumor cerebri. Four children suffered from an occlusion of a lateral major sinus after otitis media. The treatment with heparin in the acute stage and later on with acetylsalicylic-acid led to complete recovery. Our results suggest that the thrombosis of a major cerebral sinus induced by an otitis media is a frequent cause of pseudotumor cerebri in children and should be excluded by MRI or angiography in any doubtful case. In contrast to the treatment of adults, long term anticoagulation is not necessary.
Adolescent↗
[Antithrombin III in hip surgery].
Antithrombin III is an important element of the endogenous thrombosis protection system. Congenital Anti-thrombin III deficiencies are associated with increased incidence of thrombo-embolisms. If Antithrombin III is determined at the time of operation, postoperative deficiencies resulting from an increased turnover rate can be identified. Determination of Antithrombin III is not suitable for prognosticating the occurrence of thrombo-embolic complications in isolated cases. Antithrombin III can be administered in the form of fresh frozen plasma (FFP), though it is also available as Antithrombin III concentrate. So far no investigations have been carried out to establish whether it is possible to improve thrombosis protection with or without heparin prophylaxis by concentrated Antithrombin III substitution.
Antithrombin III↗
[Mathematical kinematic methods in joint prosthetics].
By the use of mathematical and cinematical methods a new understanding for the construction as well as for the implantation-techniques for endoprosthesis can be developed. With these methods the size of the natural motion and the process of the natural motion can be studied. So we get better informations about the natural motion and we can deduce criterions for the construction of endoprosthesis, for we can compare the motion of a model with the natural way of motion. So we can estimate preoperative the efficiency and the maximal load of the prosthesis as a result of incorrect motions. Such incorrect motions can be caused or can be avoid by the construction of the endoprosthesis as well as the implantation techniques.
Biomechanical Phenomena↗
[Pulmonary complications following Harrington's operation].
We report on a fourteen year old patient with pulmonary atelectasis following scoliosis treatment using Harrington's instrumentation. Changes in dynamic pulmonary function tests (FVK, FEV1, MF, MBC) and arterial blood gases are documented, therapy and etiology are discussed.
Adolescent↗
Ultrafiltration of dialysis fluid for hemodialysis.
Since the quality of water in dialysis fluid varies considerably, and, in view of the fact that endotoxin or active derivatives can cause acute side effects in patients, the dialysis fluid must be sterile. The predialyzer fluid in 20 hemodialysis patients was investigated. Bacterial loading was between 5/ml and 5,000/ml, and the endotoxin concentration was high and extremely variable. After ultrafiltration of the dialysis fluid by a polyamide hollow fiber membrane, all samples were free of bacteria, and the concentration of endotoxin was lower than the detectable limit. With this procedure we can obtain sterile dialysis fluid, which is endotoxin free.
Colony Count, Microbial↗
Ultrasonographic detection of adrenal gland tumor and ureterolithiasis in a guinea pig.
A 5-year-old guinea pig was presented to the University of Berne Small Animal Radiology Department for an ultrasound examination of the abdomen to confirm a suspected diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome. The patient had bilateral alopecia, was apathic and obese. Ultrasonographically, a tumor of the left adrenal gland, obstruction of the left ureter by an ureterolith, as well as hydronephrosis of the left kidney were detected. During surgery to relieve the ureteral obstruction the adrenal gland tumor was removed. The guinea pig died post-operatively due to blood loss. The left adrenal gland tumor was found histopathologically to be an adenoma and the right adrenal gland also had multiple small adenomas, but grossly appeared normal. The ureterolith was analyzed and found by x-ray diffraction to consist of calcium carbonate.
Adenoma↗
Efficacy and safety of low molecular weight heparin, unfractionated heparin and warfarin for thrombo-embolism prophylaxis in orthopaedic surgery: a meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials.
UNLABELLED: The efficacy and safety of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), unfractionated heparin (UFH) and warfarin for prophylaxis of thrombo-embolism in orthopaedic surgery were compared using meta-analysis techniques. Twenty-two studies were included, 2 of which compared LMWH to warfarin. The mean probabilities to develop deep-vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism and major and minor bleeding using UFH were: 0.21 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.18-0.24); 0.01 (95% CI: 0.01-0.02); 0.05 (95% CI: 0.03-0.07), and 0.19 (95% CI: 0.17-0.22), respectively. The relative risk (RR) of DVT for LMWH vs. UFH was 0.76 (95% CI: 0.60-0.91), p < 0.05 and for LMWH vs. warfarin 0.78 (95% CI: 0.69-0.87), p < 0.05. The RR of minor bleeding for LMWH vs. UFH was 0.76 (95% CI: 0.64-0.92), p < 0.05. The RR of minor bleeding for LMWH vs. warfarin was 3.28 (95% CI: 2.21-4.70), p < 0.05. CONCLUSION: in orthopaedic surgery, LMWH is significantly superior to both UFH and warfarin in the prevention of DVT and results in significantly less minor bleeding complications when compared to UFH, but significantly more minor bleeding when compared to warfarin.
Anticoagulants↗
[Drug adverse effects in the elderly hospitalized with acute pathologies].
OBJECTIVES: Data of Literature suggest that age is not an independent risk factor for adverse drug reactions (ADR), while there is evidence of a positive correlation between ADR and the number of drug taken. To investigate if that is true, we have examined the occurrence of ADR in elderly patients admitted to our Geriatric Department in the first nine months of 1999 for acute illness. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have evaluated the occurrence of ADR in 510 patients more than 65 years of age (80 +/- 7.35 years). The adverse drug effect was worth considering when symptomatical or caused a change in the management of the patient (suspension or change of therapy, prolongation of staying in hospital). We used the algorithm of Naranjo (19) to estimate the probability that a drug caused an ADR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: In our study the frequency of ADR was 12.5%. Furosemide was responsible for 50% and digoxin for 8% of ADR. Among the patients taking furosemide, 12.5% had an ADR (generally low potassium). The frequency of ADR was correlated neither with the age of the subjects nor with the number of drug taken. It can be possible that the main cause of ADR is the type of drugs assumed by elderly.
Acute Disease↗
Comparison of low molecular weight heparin and standard heparin in hemodialysis.
The anticoagulant and antithrombotic effect of heparin has been known for many decades. Since low molecular weight heparin has been available, several advantages over standard heparin were observed, especially in long-term use during hemodialysis. In 27 patients, we found a lower bleeding risk, a lower need for erythrocyte transfusions, a lesser increase in activity of various coagulation factors, and lower triglyceride levels. Therefore, low molecular weight heparin would appear to be a good alternative to standard heparin in dialysis patients.
Blood Coagulation Factors↗
Four-year follow-up of retinal status and glycosylated haemoglobin in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Retinal status and glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb) was followed in 32 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (18 females; age upon entering the study 26 +/- 8 years; duration of diabetes 10 +/- 6 years; means +/- SD) during a total of 136 patient-years, i.e. during 4.3 +/- 0.6 years per patient. Annual mean GHb (given in percent of the mean normal GHb) was calculated from 7 +/- 3 determinations of GHb per patient-year. Fluorescein angiographs were performed at least once per patient-year, and retinal status was assessed by counting microaneurysms. Upon entering the study, early diabetic (background) retinopathy was present in 14 patients; at the end of the follow-up period, it was present in 20 patients. Retinal status deteriorated in 4/42 patient-years with excellent metabolic control (annual mean GHb less than or equal to 125%), in 13/70 patient-years with good control (annual mean GHb 126-150%) and in 8/24 patient-years with poor control (annual mean GHb greater than 150%). The incidence rate of retinal deterioration differed significantly between years with excellent control and years with poor control (X2 5.7, df = 1, p less than 0.05). It is concluded that excellent metabolic control within 14 +/- 6 years after onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus appears to be a protective factor against the development or progression of early diabetic retinopathy.
Adult↗
Acetabular reconstruction with Eichler-Ring and cemented cup.
The authors report the data obtained from their experience in acetabular reimplantation using an Eichler ring and cemented cup. The ring that may also be applied indifferently by the prosthetic stem component, allows complete reconstruction of the anatomical border of the acetabulum even when there has been a considerable loss of substance. Long-term follow-ups have shown that by using Eichler rings partial but progressive migration is no longer manifested, a phenomenon which is evident in reimplantations with cemented cups without the ring.
Acetabulum↗
Which surgical technique for severe acetabular bone stock deficiency? Panel: hip revision surgery.
The author discusses which method is most suited for cup reimplantation when there is considerable loss of bone substance. Depending on the amount of bone loss a choice will be made between morcelized grafts or block grafts. The cemented cup with a metallic ring have proved to be more suited to obtain stability and maintain it in time.
Acetabulum↗
Free vascularized muscle flap transplantation in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis.
We are reporting our experience with the efficacy of free tissue transfer in treatment of chronic lower-extremity osteomyelitis; 23 latissimus dorsi flaps and 11 rectus abdominis flaps were used. In our series, success was achieved after a mean follow-up of 36.1 months in 79% and after additional wound debridement in 94%. Indications, methods, results and complications are reported.
Adult↗
Sensory recovery following total and subtotal amputations distal to the wrist and digital replantations.
Apart from the basic aim of revascularization, other criteria for the success of digital replantation are functional and sensory recovery. Tactile gnosis can only be restored in cases of replantation distal to the wrist by paying great attention to the technical details for nerve repair. Of 253 patients who underwent 312 digital replantations, after total or subtotal amputations, over 16 years, 162 with 215 successful replantations and 377 nerve reconstructions returned for follow-up evaluations. Of 320 patients who underwent 395 nerve repairs after isolated severed digital nerves, 198 with 249 nerve reconstructions returned for follow-up. Our aim was to determine in both groups, the level of sensory recovery for primary nerve repair as well as for primary and secondary nerve grafting by evaluating the results according to the score of Highet. The majority of the patients in both groups reached stage S3 to S4 on the sensory recovery score of Highet. Patients with isolated severed nerve reached stage S3+ more often than the patients with nerve reconstruction after replantation. The evaluation of results takes into consideration factors influencing digital sensibility such as the level and type of injury, the length nerve grafts, cold intolerance and the patient's age.
Adolescent↗