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Biomedical subjects

U Ulmsten

Publications and source records attributed to U Ulmsten.

286 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

A new technique for measurements of the urethra pressure profile.

A new standardized technique for continuous recording of the urethral pressure profile simultaneously with intravesical pressure has been developed. The pressures were recorded using two micr-transducers enclosed in a thin Dacron catheter. The catheter moved with a constant speed through the urethra with the aid of a specially designed instrument. This instrument is described. Twenty-five healthy women were examined. The patients were divided into two groups: (A) 10 postmenopausal women, and (B) 15 fertile women. The results of the recordings showed that the functional length and the absolute length of the urethra could be reproduced with an error of less than 1 mm. The maximal pressure amplitude was significantly less in group A.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Simultaneous urethro-cystometry with a new technique.

A new technique for studying simultaneous intravesical-intraurethral pressure is described. The basic principle of our technique is pressure recordings with the aid of micro-transducers. These micro-transducers have excellent frequency response, are easy to calibrate and to sterilize and are free from artefacts induced by motion. They permit a more accurate study of the pressures within the bladder and the urethra than catheter-transducer systems described earlier. Using electronical subtraction the closure pressure can easily be measured under static and dynamic conditions. Typical pressure diagrammes obtained with this catheter system are presented.

Female↗
PubMed1975

Investigation of ureteric function with simultaneous intraureteric pressure recordings and ureteropyelography.

Ureteric function was investigated by simultaneous intraureteric pressure recording (ureterometry) and retrograde ureteropyelography. With a multichannel catheter, intraluminal pressures can be recorded simultaneously at three levels in the ureter. The catheter can also be used to inject contrast medium. In normal antegrade peristalsis, an interval of 0.5-1.5 sec. was observed from the disappearance of the urine bolus to the recording of the maximal contraction pressure. In cases of long-lasting retroperistalsis, the urinary flow was impaired. Combined ureterometry and ureteropyelography appears to be a valuable method for detailed studies of ureteric function.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Obstruction of the upper urinary tract after treatment of carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

The frequency of obstruction of the upper urinary tract after treatment of carcinoma of the uterine cervix was assessed in an investigation of 100 consecutive patients. 64 of the women were treated surgically (Wertheim hysterectomy); the remaining 36, with Wertheim hysterectomy combined with radiotherapy (combined treatment). The patients were examined with isotope renography and with i.v. urography before, as well as 14 dyas, 2 months, 4-6 months, and 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years after, the operation. When necessary, these examinations were supplemented by retrograde pyelography, intravenous pyelography and selective renal function tests. Postoperatively 40.3% of the patients treated with surgery alone showed signs of ureteric obstruction whereas the figure for those treated with the combined treatment was 55%. Of the patients 25 developed in the early postoperative course mild ureteric obstruction which disappeared within half a year. Such mild obstruction was not regarded as a true complication of the treatment given. On the other hand, 21 patients developed obstinate ureteric obstruction. In 14 of these patients surgical intervention was necessary to save renal function. Most of the patients with serious ureteric obstruction had fairly advanced carcinoma (15 of stage 2 and 6 of stage1). Radiotherapy had been given more often in this group (15 out of 21) than in the rest. In 4 of the patients the ureteric obstruction was due to a recurrence of a tumour. This means that the true frequency of postoperative ureteric obstruction was 17%. In the group given combined treatement urinary stasis persisted longer than in the group treated with surgery alone. Renography and urography were done on 682 occasions and the results did not agree in 14%.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Simultaneous urethrocystometry and urethra pressure profile measurement with a new technique.

A new technique for simultaneous recording of the pressures within the urethra and urinary bladder is described. The pressures are recorded by microtransducers enclosed in a semiflexible dacron catheter. The recording system has a high frequency response (2000 HZ) and is free of motion-induced artefacts, which makes it possible to measure the urethra pressure profile with a high degree of precision.

Humans↗
PubMed1975

Intra-ureteric pressures in women undergoing hysterectomy for carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

Ureric function in five women undergoing Wertheim hysterectomy for carcinoma of the uterine cervix was assessed from intra-ureteric pressure recordings made with a new technique. No notable difference was found in frequency, rate or amplitude between the uretero-peristaltic waves recorded immediately before and after dissection of the ureter. In three cases, however, retro-peristalsis occurred and in two of them it persisted throughout the operation. The presence of retrograde peristalsis may indicate that the peristaltic activity of these ureters was disturbed by the operative manipulation. Ureteric stasis was also demonstrable by radiographic techniques in those cases in which retro-peristalsis occurred during the operation but not in those in which it was absent.

Female↗
PubMed1975

Recording of intraureteric pressures in women with a new technique.

This paper describes a new technique for recording intraureteric pressures (ureterometry) and its application in the examination of ureteric peristalsis in 20 women. A multichannel catheter, connected to pressure transducers permits recording of the intraureteric pressure simultaneously at three levels, 5-7, 15-17, 25-27 cm from the ureteric orifice. The mean amplitudes of the peristaltic waves at these 3 levels were about 14, 19 and 26 cm H2O, respectively. The peristaltic travel rate averaged 33 mm per second in the lower and 40 mm per second in the upper part of the ureter. This technique was also used to study the ureteral function in women undergoing Wertheim hysterectomy. Moreover it was used to investigate the influence of different drugs and anaesthesias on ureteral motility. Simultaneous ureterometry and ureteropyelography gave the opportunity to correlate the morphology of the ureter to the intraureteric pressure. From consideration of space the results of these investigations are presented elsewhere (Ulmsten, 1974a).

Female↗
PubMed1975

Effects of spinal anaesthesia, lidocaine, and morphine, on the motility of the human ureter in vivo.

A new, sensitive technique for recording intraureteral pressure was used to investigate the effects of spinal anaesthesia, lidocaine, and morphine on ureteral peristalsis in 21 female patients. Spinal anaesthesia, comprising the segments up to ThX-Th III, did not affect ureteral motility, nor did morphine given intravenously in a 15 mg dose. Four to 8 ml 4% lidocaine injected into the renal pelvis, after an initial, brief period of stimulation, markedly reduced ureteral peristalsis. Normal ureteral activity returned within 15-30 min. It is concluded that the activity in extraneous autonomous nerves is of minor importance for ureteral peristalsis, and that morphine, in doses used clinically, does not affect ureteral motility.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

A catheter-manometer calibrator--a new clinical instrument.

Although catheter-manometer systems are widely used in clinical medicine, little effert has been make to evaluate the accuracy of these systems. There is consequently a need for an acceptable method of evaluating the complete pressure recording system under clinical conditions, i.e. a catheter-transducer system that be put together and kept sterilised during the preparation of the patient and applied promptly after static and dynamic calibration of pressure under sterile conditions is described. All kinds of catheters, connectors, transducers, as well as the effect of different fluids or air bubbles on the measuring system, can be investigated. The value of the instrument, especially in clinical practice, is demonstrated and discussed.

Catheterization↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antiproliferative activity and toxicity of 2-methoxyestradiol in cervical cancer xenograft mice.

2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME) is considered to be an effective anticancer compound for many types of tumors. We have previously demonstrated that 2-ME inhibits the growth of human cervical cancer HeLaS3 cells in vitro. In this study, we investigated the antitumoral effects of 2-ME on human cervical carcinoma in severe combined immune deficient (SCID) mice. The potential side effects of 2-ME on the SCID mice were also investigated. SCID mice were injected with HeLaS3 cells (3 x 10(6) to 4 x 10(6)/mouse) and a 15-day administration of 2-ME followed after a 1-week cell implantation. Tumor weight, volume, body weight, and blood chemistry were determined. Tumor tissues were examined with an antibody against the proliferative cell nuclear antigen and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining. Liver, spleen, kidney, heart, and lung were screened by pathologic examinations. 2-ME (75 mg/kg p.o.) inhibited growth of human cervical carcinoma by 34% (P < 0.05) as compared with control. Necrosis was found in both 2-ME-treated and untreated tumor tissues, but the necrotic area was larger in 2-ME-treated mice. A low expression of proliferative cell nuclear antigen and an increased number of apoptotic cells were found in 2-ME-treated tumor sections as compared to those in controls. No significant difference was detected in blood chemistry. In addition, the liver showed hyperplastic Kupffer cells, hydropic swelling of hepatocytes, and liquefactive necrosis. The spleen showed an increased number of megakaryocytes and apoptotic cells after 2-ME treatment. Thus, 2-ME has an antitumor effect on human cervical carcinoma, and it is toxic to liver and spleen in this mouse model.

2-Methoxyestradiol↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Structural and functional studies of gap junctions in human myometrium.

Gap junctions are of importance in the coordinated contraction of uterine smooth muscle during labor. There are indications that in the human myometrium, gap junctions are much more numerous in the period immediately surrounding parturition. The presence and the functional state of gap junctions in human myometrium was studied by electron microscopical morphometry and by studying the distribution of an injected fluorescent dye. Electron microscopy showed that the number and size of gap junctions was significantly higher during the active phase of labor than during the pre-labor phase. Pressure injection of Lucifer Yellow into myometrial cells in vitro showed only weak coupling in the pre-labor stage. These data support the notion that coupling between myometrial cells develops in immediate association with parturition.

Female↗