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Biomedical subjects

U P Saxer

Publications and source records attributed to U P Saxer.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Periodontal conditions in Swiss Army recruits.

The purpose of the present study was to assess the oral hygiene and periodontal conditions of a young male population representative for Switzerland. 757 Swiss Army recruits were examined for their oral health status including the assessment of Plaque Index (PlI), Retention Index (RI) and Sulcus Bleeding Index (SBI) as well as Probing Depth (PD) and Loss of Probing Attachment (LA). All the teeth of the right maxillary and mandibular dental arch were evaluated on four aspects. One recruit yielded a status of juvenile periodontitis and was excluded from further analysis. 2.3% of the teeth had been lost, mainly as a result of orthodontic therapy. Mean PlI and SBI for all 756 recruits approximated 0.6, while the mean RI was around 0.1. The mean PD was 2.3 mm, and the mean LA of 0.9 mm was measured. PD and LA were slightly higher on proximal than on buccal or oral aspects. Site specific analysis for all parameters are presented. Since only 0.4% of the recruits showed probing depths of greater than or equal to 5 mm and only 1% of the subjects showed LA greater than or equal to 4 mm on any surfaces it may be concluded that severe signs of chronic adult periodontitis are absent in 99% of young male Swiss citizens.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Conventional surgical furcation therapy. Closed and open scaling].

Epidemiological studies in the sixties indicated that in patients older than 45 years periodontal disease was the major cause of tooth-loss, particularly in molars. However, improved prevention and enhanced dental awareness have now reduced both the incidence of periodontal disease and tooth-loss. Unfortunately, periodontal disease and tooth-loss still progress rapidly in a small group of patients. The currently used diagnostic parameters do not allow the early identification of this small group. Despite controlled periodontal treatment, loss of molars has remained twice as high as overall tooth loss. When all patients are divided into different perio-subgroups, molar loss tends to identify patients with a high periodontal risk. This conclusion can be drawn from the fact that furcation treatment is usually clinically successful, although calculus removal is insufficient. Early diagnosis of molar furcation involvement may help identify the small group of patients in which periodontitis may develop. The local morphological patterns may also contribute to rapid progression of the disease resulting eventually in loss of the molars. In such cases resective therapy is proposed instead of the usual open or closed scaling procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Periodontal diseases].

Research into pathogenesis and therapy of periodontal diseases have advanced considerably over the last 15 years. Basic research has disclosed anatomic and morphologic "weak spots" in the periodontium at the marginal gingiva and the interdental space. Approximately 70 microorganisms were isolated, among them many gram negative anaerobic bacteria. Products of these bacteria comprise of enzymes which destroy the periodontal connective tissue and interfere with immunologic mechanisms. Based on this knowledge several diseases are differentiated. A correct diagnosis contributes to a favorable therapy, such that the common periodontitis of adults (PA) responds well to treatment and the other periodontitis-forms are amenable to stabilisation if the patient cooperates. For the general practitioner the particular risks are elucidated. Already an examination for periodontitis and more so local treatment induces a bacteremia in every patient. Dentists and referring physicians should envisage preventive measures in patients at risk.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Fluoride retention and clearance after rinsing with fluoridated mouthwashes].

Oral fluoride clearance and oral fluoride retention were studied in 12 adult volunteers. 5 different mouthrinses were used. The test agents, in part available on the market, includes two Candida mouthrinses containing 1508 and 330 ppm F, respectively, Act containing 308 ppm F, a zinc fluoride-hexetidine (ZH) combination containing 287 ppm F, and an amine fluoride 297/SnF2 (AmF/SnF2) combination containing 241 ppm F. The volunteers rinsed with 10 ml of the above solutions for 30 s each. The oral fluoride concentration was reduced to 1 ppm 99 min after rinsing with Candida original. With the AmF/SnF2 solution, the oral fluoride concentration remained above 1 ppm for 39 min, and for about 20 min after rinsing with Candida reduced, ZH and Act. With both Candida original and ZH significant fluoride levels in the oral fluid were still found after 3 h, while with AmF/SnF2 and Act significant fluoride levels lasted for 2 h. A specific clearance value was determined for each mouthrinse, reflecting the ability of the agent to remain attached to the oral structures. The AmF/SnF2-rinse had a rapid clearance value. About 9 to 17% of the fluoride brought into the oral cavity were not expectorated. For the mouthrinses containing 0.05% NaF the retention was about 0.4 mg F. This value is considered to be harmless. Mouthrinses used after the application of a monofluorophosphate-dentifrice helped to increase the relatively low oral fluid fluoride level. Rinsing with the test agents after brushing with the amine fluoride dentifrice (Elmex) produced no significantly increased fluoride levels. In-between meals eliminated the oral fluoride concentration rapidly.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Double-blind analysis of the relation between adult periodontitis and systemic host response to suspected periodontal pathogens.

By using a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, 200 randomly selected sera from Red Cross blood donors were screened for immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgA, and IgM levels against Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Bacteroides gingivalis, and Bacteroides intermedius. A subgroup of 79 blood donors was clinically examined for type and extent of periodontal destruction, and serological and clinical data were subjected in all possible dual combinations to correlation analyses. The results revealed that the majority of the blood donors suffered from moderate to severe adult periodontitis, often coupled with severe gingival inflammation. No cases of localized juvenile periodontitis or rapidly progressive periodontitis were observed. The extent of periodontal destruction proved to be significantly correlated only to the IgG response levels against B. gingivalis. Corresponding correlation tests assessing the relationships of loss of attachment, bone loss, pocket depth, and papillary bleeding index with the IgG responses to A. actinomycetemcomitans were of marginal significance, while the IgG responses to B. intermedius revealed no relationship to the periodontal health status. The specific IgM responses proved to be unrelated to the clinical parameters, but interestingly, they were found to be highly correlated with each other. Specific IgA levels were frequently too low for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay testing and, therefore, had to be exempted from statistical analyses. Assessments of the serotype specificity of strongly elevated IgG responses to A. actinomycetemcomitans disclosed no evidence for an association of a particular serotype-specific IgG response with the occurrence of adult periodontal destruction. In contrast to results of earlier studies, a number of sera were found to contain strongly elevated IgG levels against two or even all three serotypes. Although derived by an alternative approach, the reported results largely corroborate earlier observations linking only the occurrence of elevated anti-B. gingivalis IgG responses to the presence of marked periodontal lesions in adults.

Actinobacillus↗