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Biomedical subjects

U Nousiainen

Publications and source records attributed to U Nousiainen.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Electroneuromyographic findings in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Electroneurophysiological abnormalities have been reported in some patients with dementia, but the data available is rather limited and controversial. We studied nerve conduction velocities and electromyography in 59 patients with moderate to severe involvement of Alzheimer's disease. Except some occasional mono- and polyneuropathies, the patients showed no systemic dysfunction of the peripheral nervous system.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

EEG and CT findings in patients with panic disorder.

Fifty-four patients with panic disorder were investigated using extensive electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings and computerized tomography (CT). Fifteen (28%) of these patients had previously been treated for temporal lobe epilepsy or were considered to have another neurological disorder. EEG recordings showed increased slow-wave activity in 13 (24%) patients and CT scan revealed incidental abnormalities in 6 (20%) of the 30 patients investigated. Taking into account the limitations of the methods applied, the present results indicate that clear-cut epileptic EEG patterns only rarely occur in panic disorder: the vast majority of panic patients exhibit normal EEG and CT findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Efficacy of a 1- to 3-day ambulatory electroencephalogram in recording epileptic seizures.

The duration of an ambulatory electroencephalogram (aEEG) necessary to record epileptic seizures was studied in neurological patients. A total of 2221 aEEG recordings were made for 2035 inpatients. Ambulatory EEG lasting 1 to 8 days (mean, 1.6 days) included seizures or typical undiagnosed symptomatic attacks in 750 recordings (34%), and 266 of them were epileptic in origin. Symptomatic attacks without simultaneous EEG discharges were exhibited in 27% of the epileptic patients. Of the total number of epileptic seizures, 81% were encountered during the first 24 hours, an additional 10% during the next 24 hours, and 7% during the third 24-hour period. Our conclusion was that, in patients exhibiting epileptic seizures during the aEEG recording, the diagnosis will be confirmed by a 2-day recording in the vast majority of the cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Localization of epileptic foci using a large-area magnetometer and functional brain anatomy.

We used a large-area, 7-channel, first-order superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) gradiometer to preoperatively determine the sites of epileptic foci in 2 patients with intractable temporal lobe seizures. The equivalent dipoles for the epileptic spikes were located with respect to external landmarks of the skull and in relation to the generation sites of magnetic auditory evoked responses. It was also possible, for the first time, to determine the location of the equivalent source using simultaneously measured data from seven locations only. The sites of the equivalent dipoles, in the right temporal lobe, agreed with the electrocorticographic and depth electrode recordings made during the operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Motor unit potentials in a mildly affected muscle in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Quantitative analysis of motor unit potentials (MUPs) with spike triggering and averaging was performed from the mildly affected brachial biceps muscle of 18 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and of 18 age-matched controls. The total MUP duration was only 6% higher in ALS patients than in controls (P less than 0.05) while the durations of the main MUP and fast components were prolonged by 63% and 194% (P less than 0.001), respectively. The number of satellites, number of fast components and amplitude were also significantly increased in the ALS group. It is concluded that determination of the duration and number of fast components and the MUP amplitude will sensitively pick up mild neurogenic affection of the brachial biceps muscle.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1989

The importance of the electrocardiogram in ambulatory electroencephalographic recordings.

The role of an ambulatory electroencephalogram performed simultaneously with an electrocardiogram was studied in 861 neurologic inpatients. In total, 123 patients (14%) had interictal cardiac rhythm abnormalities, and 31 (4%) had neurologic symptoms considered to be of cardiac origin. The occurrence of cardiac arrhythmias was related to medical history of cardiovascular disease, but not to organic cerebral disorders. The ictal increase of heart rate was significantly higher and more abrupt in epileptic seizures than in psychogenic attacks. The ictal electroencephalogram/electrocardiogram may thus be applicable to the differential diagnosis between the epileptic and psychogenic seizures.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1989

Cardiac arrhythmias in the differential diagnosis of epilepsy.

Symptomatic attacks or seizures associated with cardiac arrhythmias may cause difficulty in differential diagnosis. Two patients are reported in whom disturbances of cardiac conduction induced attacks which clinically resembled attacks of psychogenic and epileptic origin and were abolished after implantation of a demand-type pacemaker. A third patient is described who had epileptic seizures resulting in cardiac arrhythmias. In the differential diagnosis of these cases, simultaneous ambulatory EEG and ECG recording was essential.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Peripheral neuropathy in late onset spinocerebellar ataxia.

We studied 10 patients with late onset spinocerebellar ataxia including electrophysiological and muscle biopsy examinations. Nerve conduction studies of eight patients revealed axonal neuropathy, and six cases also showed signs of the involvement of the lower motor neuron. In 9 patients quantitative analysis of single motor unit potentials (MUPs) of the tibialis anterior or biceps brachii muscles showed mild to severe neuropathic changes and in all 10 patients the histopathological examination of the tibialis anterior showed mild to severe neuropathic changes. Neither nerve conduction studies, quantitative MUP analysis, nor histological findings of the muscle were related to the severity of duration of the disease.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1988

The sauna and body fluid balance.

Sauna bathing may affect the fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance. In addition to sweating and thirst, a sauna bath also has effects on many endogenous regulatory mechanisms maintaining the balance between the fluid compartments and appropriate distribution of the circulating blood. Although the sauna-induced fluid loss is usually not very severe, its adequate replacement as early as possible is important. In practice, the most convenient and effective way is to replace the fluid loss by small liquid doses repeated frequently during the bathing. If a sauna bath is taken after heavy physical activity, the fluid compensation may be necessary already before bathing.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1987

Involvement of somatosensory and visual pathways in late onset ataxia.

Nerve conduction studies, median nerve somatosensory (SEPs) and pattern-reversal visual evoked potentials (VEPs) were recorded in 10 patients with late onset ataxia. Nine patients had dysfunction of somatosensory pathways, eight of them axonal polyneuropathy in nerve conduction measurements, and four had also impaired impulse conduction along the visual pathways. Abnormalities in records of evoked potentials occurred as prolonged latencies rather than reduced amplitudes. The observed dysfunction of peripheral and central pathways was not related to the duration or the severity of the clinical involvement by the disease. It is emphasized, however, that there seemed to be a relationship between the prolonged SEP latencies and the impaired peripheral nerve conduction values and between the diminished VEP amplitudes and the most delayed VEP latencies.

Adult↗