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Biomedical subjects

U Kaufmann

Publications and source records attributed to U Kaufmann.

120 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Demonstration of a specific serum carrier protein of nonsuppressible insulin-like activity in vivo.

The fate of nonsuppressible insulin-like activity (NSILA-S) was studied by injecting a tracer of 125I-NSILA-S iv into rats. Ten minutes after injection of 125I-NSILA-S alone, 20% of the label is found in serum, whereas after the injection of 125-I-insulin or 125I-NSILA-S together with an excess of cold NSILA-S only 8% of the label are recovered. Sephadex G-200 chromatography at neutral pH of serum after injection of 125I-NSILA-S reveals 2 peaks of radioactivity in the high molecular weight region at 67 and 47% bed volume. Five minutes after injection the peak at 67% starts to disappear, whereas the one at 47% persists with a half-life of 3 h. The latter peak was submitted to Sephadex G-200 chromatography at acidic pH which dissociates NSILA-S from its binding protein. The labeled material obtained by this procedure still exhibits the same binding characteristics to chick embryo fibroblasts as standard 125 I-NSILA-S. A third peak at 90% bed volume corresponding to low molecular NSILA-S is no longer detectable 20 min after injection. A fourth peak at 100% bed volume becomes apparent after 1 h. The half-life and chromatographic pattern of iv injected 125 I-NSILA-S are not changed by the simultaneous administration of insulin or growth hormone. These findings confirm the existence of a specific serum carrier protein for NSILA-S and may explain why endogenous NSILA-S does not exert insulin-like effects under physiological conditions in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Determination of nonsuppressible insulin-like activity in human serum by a sensitive protein-binding assay.

We describe a sensitive protein-binding assay for non-suppressible insulin-like activity in human serum. It can detect as little as 0.2 microunits (corresponding to 0.5 ng) of the activity in 0.4 ml of the assay mixture. It is measured in a low-molecular-weight fraction (termed "biological material") obtained by chromatography of serum on Sephadex G-50 in 1 mol/liter acetic acid. This fraction has been shown earlier to contain nearly all this billogically active material that is present in serum. A partially purified carrier protein from human serum is used as the binding protein; different concentrations of a partially purified preparation of material with the activity serve as standards, which compete with 125l-labeled tracer for binding. Biological material dilutes more or less in parallel with the standard over a 10-fold concentration range. In the chromatographed serum fractions, displacing activity appears between 50 and 80% bed volume, with the peak at 60%, and coincides with the distribution and the peak of radioactivity obtained by chromatography of tracer. A good correlation (r = 0.88) is observed between the values determined for this activity in the rat fat-pad assay and the protein-binding assay, although the latter yields about two fold higher results (190 +/- 37 milliunits/liter vs. 345+- 65 milliunits/liter, mean values for 18 normal sera). Values determined in the protein-binding assay are decreased in hypopituitary patients (183 +/- 27 milliunits/liter) and increased in acromegalics (486 +/- 88 milliunits/liter), in accord with the results of the bioassay (68 +/- 21 milliunits/liter for hypopituitary patients, 293 +/- 53 for acromegalics).

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Acute myelogenous leukemia in children under 2 years of age: studies and treatment results in 23 children in the AML therapy study BFM-78].

23 out of 151 patients of the childhood AML study BFM-78 were less than two years of age at the time of diagnosis, 10 of them being less than one year old. The incidence of M5-subtype was high in infants with 12/23 (52%) compared with 20/128 (16%) in those 2 to 17 years of age. The percentage of boys was 44% in the young children compared with 56% in the older ones. Initial skin infiltrations were seen in five infants with monoblastic subtypes (M4, M5) and in only three patients more than two years of age. The incidence of liver and spleen enlargement greater than or equal to 5 cm below the costal margin was significantly higher in young children. Due to infectious complications frequent therapy-free intervals and/or reduced drug dosages were necessary in the 8-week induction treatment regimen. The prophylactic cranial irradiation with 12 Gy in the first year of life and 15 Gy in the second year has so far not caused any long-term sequelae. The results were similar to those in older children: 18/23 (78%) of the infants achieved complete remission compared with 101/128 (79%) of those 2 to 17 years old. With a follow-up period of 16 to 49 months the probability of continuous complete remission (disease-free interval) was 52% in children under the age of 2 and 54% in those more than 2 years of age. We conclude that with the improved prognosis an intensive chemotherapy is justified in infants with acute myelogenous leukemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Psychological management of children with cancer and their families].

A psychologist's different working fields in a children's cancer center are represented using the empiric datas of basic documentary material. The kind of psychological care was adapted to the individual requirements of the patients and their families. In most of the parents a low- or medium-grade support was adequate to their needs (40 per cent and 49 per cent). Only some families with severe problems needed more intensive psychological care (11 per cent). 58 per cent of the patients themselves were contacted. 46 per cent of them then required a more intensive psychological care. The list of topics - as coping with the disease and the therapy (49 per cent), behaviour problems resulting from the disease - and therapy - related circumstances (26 per cent), family problems (21 per cent) late effects and rehabilitation (14 per cent), specific problems resulting from the troubles in interaction and communication often seen on oncologic floors (5 per cent) - and the kind of psychological interventions - as primary contacts (11 per cent), supportive care (37 per cent), crisis oriented individual sessions (5 per cent), educational advice (14 per cent) and consultations in familiary problems (33 per cent) - show the different fields and posibilities of psychological care. The evaluation of all datas shows that in most cases supportive psychosocial care of the patients and their families was sufficient. Some specific problems - as individual troubles of the parents, conflicts in partnership, problems with the siblings, and difficulties in social contacts - gain more importance with the permanence of the disease - related stress. In these case specific psychological intervention becomes very important.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Parent support group for families of children with cancer].

Children with cancer and their families live under an enormous psychological pressure due to the severity of the disease, the intensive therapy and the uncertainty of their faith. Psychosocial care should concern the patient and his relatives. There are different possibilities of caring for them considering the stage of the disease and the ability of the families to cope with the illness. Parents groups have been established for the purpose of stabilization and to allow exchange of experience. These groups exist for families in different stages of the illness as well as for families who have lost their children. In addition parents groups with nationwide social and political engagement have been founded.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Detection of the genotypic heterogeneity of Ixodes persulcatus Schulze (Acari: Ixodidae) of the North-West region of Russia and characteristics of distribution of tick-borne pathogens causing Lyme disease and Ehrlichia infections in various genotypes].

The heterogeneity of the Ixodes persulcatus population in the vicinity of Saint Petersburg was estimated by using malate dehydrogenase (MDH) isoenzyme. There are six MDH genotypes carrying 3 alleles in the Ixodes persulcatus population. The prevalence of Borrelia and Ehrlichia species in the study genotypes was analyzed. There was a difference in the prevalence and intensity of infection. The greatest abundance of Borrelia was described in the genotypes to Genogroup 1 (with allele 1). Among them, heterozygous ticks were most intensively infected. Polymerase chain reaction identified species pathogenic for man. These included 3 species of Borrelia: B. afzelii, B. garinii, and B. burgdorferi sensu stricto and 2 species of Ehrlichia muris and HGE agent. The author are the first to describe HGE agent and B. burgdorfei ss encountered in Russia.

Animals↗