A study was conducted to determine the knowledge and attitude about breast feeding (BF) amongst child development project officers (CDPOs) working in Integrated Child Development Services Scheme. A semi structured pretested questionnaire was administered. It was found that majority of respondent had correct knowledge about feeding of colostrum, age of initiation of breast feeding and introduction of semi-solid foods. Majority of CDPOs had the knowledge that consumption of dry fruits, milk and desi ghee would increase that breast milk secretion. The percentage of subjects who were aware that BF should be discontinued if mother is suffering from illness like breast cancer (48%) tuberculosis (57%), malaria (67%) and Diarrhoea (84%). There is need of continuing education of CDPOs for updating their knowledge.

Breast Feeding↗

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Knowledge and practices among rural mothers in Haryana about childhood diarrhea.

Knowledge and practices of 108 rural mothers about childhood diarrhea, were determined by using pretested semi-structured interview schedules. The common causes of diarrhea reported were eruption of teeth (67.59%), eating of mud (51.85%), worm infestation (47.22%), change of climate (35.18%), poor personal hygiene (34.25%) and changes in diet (25.92%). Majority (83.33%) of mothers practiced food restriction during diarrhea. Seventy seven percent consulted their mother-in-laws in the first instance for treatment of diarrhea. The home remedies tried by mothers were, isabgol husk with curd (30.55%), ghee with tea (28.70%) water boiled with mint leaves (25.92%), local ghutti (22.22%) and unripe mango juice (16.66%). Majority of mothers (83.33%) believed that oral rehydration therapy alone, cannot treat diarrhea.

Child, Preschool↗

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Knowledge and attitude towards breast feeding among adolescent girls.

Majority of the urban adolescent girl students (n = 76) from middle socioeconomic group correctly reported that breast milk is the best food for infants (95%), and it has protective antibodies (98%). However, most of them (92%) had incorrect knowledge about the role of diet in breast milk secretion and continuation of breastfeeding while mother is suffering from tuberculosis (92%), malaria (84%).

Adolescent↗

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Rejoinder to article: "Iodine loss from iodised salt on heating".

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Child↗

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Nutritional status of married adolescent girls in rural Rajasthan.

Adolescence is period of rapid growth and development. The present study was undertaken to assess the nutritional status of 941 adolescent girls, aged 10-18 years belonging to Scheduled Caste communities in rural Rajasthan, using the probability proportionate to size sampling procedure. Data on 93 married adolescent girls was analysed in detail. Nutritional status of the subjects was assessed by anthropometry, dietary intake and by clinical examination of nutritional deficiency disorders. Anthropometric measurements were recorded for height, weight, chest circumference, MUAC and TSF using standardised techniques. On comparing the present study's data with ICMR's study data (1956-65) it was found that there has been a significant improvement in the height, weight and chest circumference of the adolescent girls but the values were below the well-to-do group study data. Dietary intake was assessed by 24 hours recall method. The dietary intake was compared against ICMR's RDA. It was found that the diets were deficient in calories by 30 to 40% in proteins by 25 to 37%, by 39 to 55% in iron and by 10 to 34% in vitamin A. 78% of the subjects suffered from various grades of anaemia and 40% of the subjects had B-complex deficiency.

Adolescent↗

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Iodine deficiency in district Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh.

The state of Himachal Pradesh is a known iodine deficiency endemic region since the last 40 years. The state government is supplying iodised salt to the district since 1970. No recent survey has been conducted on the prevalence of iodine deficiency from the district Kinnaur which is located at an average altitude of 10,000 feet above sea level. A total of 1094 children in the age group of 6-10 years were included in the study and clinically examined. The total goitre prevalence of 6.1% was found in the subjects studied. Urine samples were collected from 226 children and were analysed using standard laboratory procedures. It was found that the percentage of children with < 2 mcg/dl, 2-4.9 mcg/dl, 5-9.9 mcg/dl and 10 and above mcg/dl of urinary iodine excretion (UIE) level was 1.3, 5.8, 10.6 and 82.3 respectively. A total of 242 salt samples were collected and analysed using the standard iodometric titration method. Results showed that almost 90% of the families were consuming salt with an iodine content of 15 ppm and more which is the stipulated level of iodisation of salt. The findings of the study indicate that iodine nutrition is in the transition phase from iodine deficient to iodine sufficient. Findings revealed a need for further strengthening the monitoring of the quality of salt being distributed in Kinnaur to achieve elimination of iodine deficiency.

Child↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Assessment of status of salt iodization in Delhi.

The National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi was identified as an iodine deficiency endemic area in 1980. The government of NCT of Delhi banned the sale of non-iodised salt since 1989. The present study was aimed to estimate the iodine content of salt consumed in the households of the state. Thirty clusters were selected using population proportionate to size cluster sampling procedure. In each identified cluster one primary school was randomly selected. In each school, 60 salt samples were collected from an equal number of school children. The iodine content of a total of 1854 salt samples collected was analyzed using the standard iodometric titration method. Forty one per cent of families consumed salt with an iodine content of less than 15 ppm. Salt with nil iodine content was consumed only by 1.4% of the beneficiaries which indicated successful implementation of universal salt iodization programme in the state.

Data Collection↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Association of vitamin A, zinc, selenium and magnesium with oesophageal cancer.

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Case-Control Studies↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Dr. P. C. Sen Memorial Award Paper. Status of salt iodisation and iodine deficiency in selected districts of different states of India.

Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) is a major public health problem. Surveys conducted by the National Goitre Survey team of the Directorate General of Health Services during the past three decades have revealed a high prevalence of endemic goitre in different states. Out of a total of 267 districts surveyed till date, 226 have been reported to be endemic to iodine deficiency. A successful measure for the prevention of IDD is salt iodisation. The Salt department, Government of India has taken an intensive programme of production of iodised salt in the country. The production has increased from 1.5 lakh metric tonnes in 1984 to 40 lakh metric tonnes in 1996. To assess the impact of increased production of iodised salt on the availability of iodised salt at the beneficiary and trader level and also on the status of iodine deficiency, surveys were undertaken in selected districts of 10 states and 2 union territories of the country. These studies have been presented and discussed here.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Indicators of iodine deficiency disorders.

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Child↗