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Biomedical subjects

U Kapil

Publications and source records attributed to U Kapil.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Assessment of iodine deficiency in selected blocks of east and west Champaran districts of Bihar.

OBJECTIVE: A survey conducted in 1964 reported a goitre prevalence of 40.3% in East and West Champaran districts of Bihar. No recent survey has been documented on the prevalence of iodine deficiency in these districts. The present study was therefore undertaken (i) to assess the prevalence of IDD in these districts, and (ii) to estimate the iodine content of salt consumed by population. METHODOLOGY: In each district, one block was selected. In each block more than 630 children in the age group of 6-12 years were included in the study and were clinically examined. Urine samples were collected from 261 children and were analyzed using standard laboratory procedures. A total of 456 salt samples were collected from children and 35 from traders from the two districts and analyzed using the standard iodometric titration method. RESULTS: The total goiter prevalence was 11.6%. The percentage of children with < 2, 2.0-4.9, 5.0-9.9 and > or = 10 mcg/dl of urinary iodine excretion level were 12.3, 13.4, 23.4 and 51.0, respectively. The median urinary iodine excretion of the children was 10.0 mcg/dl. None of the families were consuming salt with a nil iodine content and about 29.3%, were consuming salt with less than 15 ppm of iodine. Of the 35 salt samples collected from traders, all had iodine and about 17% had less than 15 ppm of iodine. CONCLUSION: The study stresses the need for strengthening the existing system of monitoring of quality of salt being provided in the East and West Champaran districts by Government of Bihar.

Child↗
PubMed1996

Nutrient intake amongst adolescent girls belonging to poor socioeconomic group of rural area of Rajasthan.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the nutrient intake of adolescent girls belonging to low socio-economic group of rural Rajasthan. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, using probability proportionate to size, cluster sampling method. SETTING: 18 villages of Jaipur district. SUBJECTS: 941 adolescent girls of age 10-18 yr. METHODS: Anthropometric measurements for height, weight, mid-upper arm circumference, triceps skin fold and chest circumference; 24 h recall method to assess nutrient intake. Nutrient intake was compared with Indian Council of Medical Research recommended dietary allowances. RESULTS: The diets were deficient in calories by 26 to 36%, and in proteins by 23 to 32%. Nutritional status as assessed by body mass index revealed that 8.1% of adolescent girls suffered from chronic energy deficiency (CED) grade I, 6.6% grade II CED, and 78.8% grade III CED. About 73.7% of subjects suffered from anemia and 43.6% had signs of vitamin B complex deficiency. CONCLUSIONS: Intervention strategies are needed to improve the dietary intake of adolescent girls so that their requirements of energy, protein, vitamins and minerals are met.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Assessment of iodine deficiency disorders using the 30 cluster approach in the National Capital Territory of Delhi.

OBJECTIVE: Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) are a major public health problem in India. The National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi is a known iodine deficiency endemic area. The Delhi Government banned the sale of non-iodised salt since 1989. The present study was conducted to assess the status of IDD after 7 years of salt iodisation programme in the state. DESIGN: Cross sectional. METHODOLOGY: The recent indicators recommended by the World Health Organization-United Nations Childrens Fund-International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (WHO-UNICEF-ICCIDD) were utilized for the assessment of IDD. A total of 30 clusters were selected using population proportionate to size cluster sampling procedure. In each identified cluster, one primary school was selected using random sampling. A total of 6911 school children in the age group of 8-10 years were included for the study. RESULTS: The total goiter prevalence rate was 8.6% while 2.1, 8.4, 17.6 and 71.9% of the children had urinary iodine excretion levels of < 2, 2-4.9, 5-9.9 and 10 and above mcg/dl, respectively. The median urinary iodine excretion was 17 mcg/dl. Of the 1854 salt samples analyzed, salt with a nil iodine content was consumed only by 1.4% of the beneficiaries. Forty one per cent of families consumed salt with an iodine content of less than 15 ppm. CONCLUSION: IDD continues to be a public-health problem in the NCT of Delhi. There is a need of strengthening the existing monitoring system for the quality of iodised salt.

Child↗
PubMed1994

Breast-feeding practices in Schedule Caste communities in Haryana state.

A study was conducted to assess exclusive breast-feeding, continued breast-feeding, bottle-feeding, predominant breast-feeding, timely complementary feeding and other breast-feeding practices in 818 children in the age group of 0-3 years belonging to the Schedule Caste communities of Haryana. The exclusive breast-feeding rate was 0.15 and the predominant breast-feeding rate 0.75 in children < 4 months. Timely complementary feeding rate was 0.42. The continued breast-feeding rate at 1 year and 2 years was 0.84 and 0.58, respectively. The bottle-feeding rate, ever breast-fed rate, timely first-suckling rate and exclusive breast-feeding rate by mother were 0.09, 1.0, 0.0 and 0.15, respectively. The median duration of breast-feeding was 16 months.

Bottle Feeding↗