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Biomedical subjects

U Haglund

Publications and source records attributed to U Haglund.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Intestinal lysosomal enzyme activity in regional simulated shock: influence of methylprednisolone and albumin.

A 2 hr-period of regional intestinal simulated shock in cats results in small intestinal mucosal lesions and a general cardiovascular derangement, probably secondary to the release of cardiotoxic material into the intestinal venous blood. These phenomenona are accompanied by release of lysosomal and cytoplasmatic enzymes from the intestinal tissue. The effects of methylprednisolone treatment and deposition of albumin in the intestinal lumen during the regional shock period were studied. Administration of methylprednisolone early and late in the regional shock period prevented mucosal lesions and cardiovascular deterioration as well as lysosomal and cytoplasmatic enzyme release. Albumin deposition in the intestinal lumen during the regional shock period prevented lysosomal enzyme release and cardiovascular derangement and to a minor extent mucosal lesions. It is suggested that release of intestinal lysosomal enzymes is of importance for development of mucosal lesions and for production of cardiotoxic material.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1976

Characteristic chromosomal abnormalities in biopsies and lymphoid-cell lines from patients with Burkitt and non-Burkitt lymphomas.

The karyotypes of cells from 10 Burkitt lymphoma (BL) biopsies, eight cell lines established from BL and nine cell lines from non-BL sources were studied by chromosome banding techniques. With the exception of the BL-derived cell lines BJAB, GC-BJAB, Maku and U-8691 all biopsies and lines of Burkitt origin contained an extra band at the distal region of the long arm of one chromosome 14. An extra band on chromosome 14 was also found in cells of one non-BL biopsy, in cells from a lymphosarcoma-derived cell line and in a long-established cell line derived from the pleural exudate of a patient with Hodgkin's disease. A distal region at the long arm of one chromosome 8 was missing in all metaphase figures of good technical quality in the same material. The size, morphology and stain-ability of the missing region corresponded fairly well to the extra region at chromosome 14. We therefore suggest that the chromosome 14 marker represents a translocation between chromosomes 8 and 14,t (8q-; 14q+). The translocation was present neither in lymphocytes of the peripheral blood of five Burkitt patients nor in five lymphoblastoid cell lines of non-BL origin. Trisomy 7 was found in two of the 10 BL biopsies, in two BL-derived cell lines, in one non-BL biopsy, in two lymphosarcoma-derived cell lines and in one cell line derived from a patient with Hodgkin's disease.

Burkitt Lymphoma↗
PubMed1976

The intestinal mucosal lesions in shock. I. Studies on the pathogenesis.

Mucosal lesions were produced in feline small intestine by evoking a simulated intestinal shock (local hypotension at 30 mm Hg and stimulation of regional sympathetic vasoconstrictor nerves at 6 Hz for 2 h). The degree of mucosal damage was correlated to the level of intestinal blood flow. Microscopically characteristic lesions developed regularly in the small intestinal mucosa when intestinal blood flow was reduced below 12 ml/min X 100 g during the regional shock. The mucosal damage was graded histologically. No difference was found between untreated controls and cats in which the intestinal lumen was perfused with nitrogenated saline. Perfusion with oxygenated saline and i.v. injections of methylprednisolone on the other hand, prevented almost completely the development of the lesions. Albumin, activated charcoal and aprotinin instilled into the intestinal lumen reduced to some extent the mucosal damage. The obtained data support the view that hypoxia is the key factor in the pathogenesis of the mucosal lesions. However, epithelial and intraluminal enzymes are probably important contributing factors.

Albumins↗
PubMed1976

The intestinal mucosal lesions in shock. II. The relationship between the mucosal lesions and the cardiovascular derangement following regional shock.

The relationship between the mucosal lesions in the gut, observed after a 2-hour period of regional hypotension, and the blood pressure fall seen after the hypotensive period was investigated in cats. Untreated controls were compared to animals treated with intraluminal perfusion with nitrogenated or oxygenated saline or treated with intraluminal instillation of albumin, activated charcoal or aprotinin or i.v. injections of methylprednisolone. Untreated controls and cats perfused with nitrogenated saline exhibited a pronounced reduction in arterial blood pressure during the first posthypotensive hour. In the animals treated with methylprednisolone or perfused intraluminally with oxygenated saline only a small fall of blood pressure was observed. In the remaining groups of animals a moderate blood pressure reduction was noted. These results suggest a causal relationship between the intestinal mucosal damage and the posthypotensive cardiovascular derangement possibly via the release of cardiotoxic material from the hypoxic intestinal villi.

Albumins↗
PubMed1976

Effects on myocardial contractility of blood-borne material released from the feline small intestine in simulated shock.

There is a pronounced derangement in cardiovascular function in the cat after a 2- or 3-hour period during which shock is simulated in the small intestine by regional hypotension (BP = 30-35 mm Hg) during activation of vasoconstrictor nerve fibers. It has been proposed that these effects are caused by blood-borne cardiode-pressant substance(s) released from the "shocked" small intestine. To obtain further evidence for this hypothesis we performed a study on two heart preparations in vitro. Rabbit papillary muscles or isolated beating rat hearts were exposed to intestinal venous plasma obtained from control cats and from cats subjected to simulated intestinal shock for 2 or 3 hours. while control plasma induced only a slight depression of myocardial contractility, plasma from "shocked" intestine caused a significant decrease in peak isometric tension of the papillary muscles or a fall in systolic pressure of the rat hearts. Since the experiments on papillary muscle indicated that time to peak tension was largely unaffected by the plasma samples, we conclude that the feline intestine in shock releases material into blood that exerts a negative inotropic effect on the myocardium.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Protein patterns in serum and peritoneal fluid in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.

The protein content in serum and peritoneal fluid has been determined and analysed electrophoretically in patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis and the data obtained compared with previously published data on serum and ascites content in liver cirrhosis, heart failure and intestinal tuberculosis. Ascites fluid in liver cirrhosis and heart failure, representing a true transudate, had a comparatively low protein content while the ascites fluid in inflammatory bowel diseases including Crohn's disease had high protein content. There was no difference in ascites protein content or ascites/serum protein ratio between patients with Crohn's disease and patients with ulcerative colitis. An exudative nature of both these inflammatory bowel conditions appears to be the main cause to the peritoneal fluid often observed at laparotomy. It cannot be excluded, however, that a lymphatic stasis, which is thought to be involved in Crohn's disease, might at least partly contribute to the development when larger quantities of ascitic fluid are at hand in this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Specific chromosomal aberrations in polycythemia vera.

The chromosomes of bone marrow cells from ten patients with polycythemia vera (PV) were identified by Q-, G-, and C-banding techniques. Four of the patients had received no treatment with cytotoxic drugs, while three had received 32P only and the other three, in addition, had received busulfan or busulfan and procarbazine. One 73-yr-old male patient treated with venesection only for 4 yr lacked the Y chromosome and had a deletion of the long arm of chromosome 20 (20q-) in all cells investigated. One of the other three patients who had received no drugs had a chromosome abnormality, but only in 1 of 19 identifiable metaphases. However, the abnormality was the same (+9) as the most common one in treated patients. In the group of treated patients, an extra chromosome 9 (+9) was found in three patients, an extra chromosome 8 (+8) in one, and a deletion of the long arm of one chromosome 20 (20q-) in one patient. Multiple aberrations in addition to the extra chromosome 9 were found in one patient in whom the disease had transformed into acute myeloblastic leukemia. The finding of identical chromosomal aberrations (20q- and +9, respectively) in two patients who had received no drugs and in four patients who had received 32P and busulfan or procarbazine favors the view that these aberrations are specifically associated with the disease and not induced by the drugs. With the exception of the patient with acute myeloblastic leukemia, all other patients are alive 1-11 mo after chromosome analyses and 1-229 mo after diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Mucosal lesions in the human small intestine in shock.

Characteristic mucosal lesions in resected small intestinal segments from seven patients are reported. Preoperatively, four patients were in shock and general hypotension while the three remaining cases showed signs of local intestinal hypotension. The microscopic appearance of the mucosal lesions was in all patients identical with that previously observed in the feline and canine small intestine after haemorrhage or local intestinal hypotension. It is proposed that an extravascular short-circuiting of oxygen in the mucosal countercurrent exchanger and an intravascular aggregation of blood cells might produce tissue hypoxia which makes the mucosa vulnerable to enzymatic degradation.

Adult↗