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Biomedical subjects

U Costabel

Publications and source records attributed to U Costabel.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

HLA-DR antigens on human macrophages from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.

The expression of HLA-DR (Ia-like) antigens on human macrophages was investigated by analyses of cells from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained from 12 patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis, six patients with extrinsic allergic alveolitis, nine patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis, 11 normal non-smokers, and 12 normal smokers. The HLA-DR antigen was demonstrated by the mouse monoclonal antibody OKIa by a peroxidase-antiperoxidase method performed on glass slides. No differences were found in the percentage of alveolar macrophages that expressed DR antigens between the five study groups. OKIa positivity was observed on more than 90% of macrophages in all cases. These observations suggest that the previously reported enhanced antigen presentation by alveolar macrophages in sarcoidosis is not linked with an increase in the percentage of DR+ macrophages in the lung.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Alterations in immunoregulatory T-cell subsets in cigarette smokers. A phenotypic analysis of bronchoalveolar and blood lymphocytes.

Abnormalities in the proportions of immunoregulatory T-lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid have been reported in interstitial pulmonary diseases, yet the effect of cigarette smoking on T-cell subsets in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from normal subjects has not been investigated. We applied an immunoperoxidase technique performed on glass slides using the monoclonal antibodies, OKT3, OKT4, OKT8, OKIa, and Leu-7 to study T-cell subsets in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and blood of 11 normal nonsmokers and 12 smokers. In the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of smokers, a decrease in the percentage of OKT4+ helper/inducer and an increase in OKT8+ suppressor/cytotoxic cells resulted in a markedly decreased OKT4/OKT8 ratio (0.9 +/- 0.4) compared with nonsmokers (1.9 +/- 0.8) (p less than 0.005). These abnormalities of lymphocyte subsets in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid correlated with the cumulative pack-years of smoking history but were not reflected in the peripheral blood. These results suggest that cellular immunoregulation is disturbed in the lungs of cigarette smokers. This may play a role in pulmonary defense mechanisms and tumor immunity.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Gold-induced fibrosing alveolitis].

Fibrotic alveolitis appeared in a 54-year-old patient undergoing gold therapy. In differential diagnosis, this infrequent side effect of gold therapy is to be distinguished from rheumatoid lung fibrosis. Lymphocyte sub-populations were determined in the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid of the patient. The results obtained support the view that the side effect is due to an immunologically mediated process.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1985

Ia-like antigens on T-cells and their subpopulations in pulmonary sarcoidosis and in hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Analysis of bronchoalveolar and blood lymphocytes.

We investigated the expression of Ia antigens on T-cells from lung and blood, as a sign of T-cell activation, in 17 patients with active pulmonary sarcoidosis, 12 patients with inactive sarcoidosis, 9 patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and 10 normal control subjects. Lymphocyte subsets were identified by mouse monoclonal antibodies using a peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. Patients with active sarcoidosis and patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis had a significant increase in Ia+ T-cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid compared with that in patients with inactive sarcoidosis and that in control subjects (p less than 0.01). Blood T-cells from the same patients did not show this sign of activation. The highest numbers of Ia+ T-cells were recovered from the lungs of patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis, indicating the high state of activation of immunoregulatory T-cells in this disease. Additional analysis revealed that in sarcoidosis, Ia+ lung T-cells were exclusively of the OKT4+ helper phenotype, whereas in hypersensitivity pneumonitis, OKT4+ helper as well as OKT8+ suppressor lung cells expressed in part Ia antigens. These observations suggest that different T-cell subpopulations are activated in sarcoidosis and in hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Expression of transferrin receptors and intracellular ferritin during terminal differentiation of human monocytes.

Human blood monocytes when cultured on hydrophobic Teflon membranes differentiate into mature macrophages. The expression of transferrin receptors was monitored by monoclonal antibody (OKT9) binding as detected by immunoperoxidase staining. Whereas monocytes were negative, an increasing percentage of macrophages, starting from day 2 in culture, labelled with the antitransferrin receptor antibody as these cells undergo differentiation. After completion of maturation more than 90% of macrophages expressed transferrin receptors. While 90-95% of macrophages from broncho-alveolar lavage fluids labelled with the OKT9 antibody, only a minor portion of macrophages obtained from peritoneal and pleural cavities did so. In parallel, intracellular ferritin in cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage increased from 10 ng/10(6) cells to 350-1,500 ng/10(6) cells during maturation in vitro. Alveolar macrophages proved to have the highest ferritin content which ranged from 355-8,400 ng/10(6). The results may indicate that iron uptake and storage is a function of cells at late stages of macrophage maturation and that the occurrence of surface receptors for transferrin can be regarded as differentiation dependent marker.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1984

Tumor cytotoxicity of human macrophages after incubation with synthetic analogues of 2-lysophosphatidylcholine.

Human alveolar macrophages as well as macrophages derived from Teflon culture of blood-borne monocytes were incubated with synthetic analogues of 2-lysophosphatidylcholine and then tested for their cytotoxic capacity against an allogeneic lymphoma cell line. Metabolic, rather stable analogues enhanced macrophage cytotoxicity significantly. This phenomenon was shown both in a growth-inhibition assay as well as in the 51Cr release assay. Macrophage activation was dose- and time-dependent and was potentiated at temperatures above 37 degrees C. Incubation of the macrophages with the active compounds induced characteristic changes in cell morphology as revealed by scanning electron microscopy.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1984

T-lymphocytosis in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Changes in profile of T-cell subsets during the course of disease.

Recently, increased proportions of OKT 4+ helper T-lymphocytes have been reported in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of patients with active sarcoidosis. In this study we were interested in T-cell subsets of hypersensitivity pneumonitis, a disease characterized by a similar increase in BAL T-lymphocytes as active sarcoidosis. We applied an immunoperoxidase method performed on glass slides using the monoclonal antibodies OKT 3, 4, and 8 to study T-cell subsets in blood and BAL of eight patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis, 11 patients with active sarcoidosis, and ten control subjects. OKT 8+ suppressor cells were found to be the predominant cell type in the BAL of patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis and recent antigen exposure. After avoidance of further antigen exposure, suppressor cells decreased and helper cells increased. The results suggest that T-lymphocytosis in BAL of hypersensitivity pneumonitis and pulmonary sarcoidosis is mediated by different immunologic mechanisms.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Significance of sonographic course controls in acute pancreatitis].

Two patients with complicated acute pancreatitis are demonstrated. Sonographic factors are compared to laboratory and clinical findings. Ultrasound can add relevant information for classification and thereby supply an indication for surgery in patients with acute pancreatitis. This is especially true since laboratory classification of the grade of the disease is as yet not generally accepted.

Acute Disease↗