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Tsuneo Sasaki

Publications and source records attributed to Tsuneo Sasaki.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Current topics of S-1 at the 74th Japanese Gastric Cancer Congress.

S-1 (TS-1)-related studies presented at the 74th Japanese Gastric Cancer Congress are reviewed. Of the papers presented at this conference, 35 were related to S-1. In the panel discussion on the therapeutic significance of oral fluoropyrimidines in gastric cancer, 9 papers were related to S-1 (sensitivities to oral fluoropyrimidines, 2 papers; clinical results of treatment with S-1, 5 papers; and combination therapy with S-1, 2 papers). In the general presentations, there were 26 papers on S-1 related-subjects (clinical studies or clinical practice of S-1, 12 papers; case reports, 3 papers; basic studies on animal models of peritoneal metastasis, 2 papers; and combination therapy with S-1, 9 papers). Several studies showed that S-1 was basically as effective against tumors in postmarketing surveillance in clinical practice as in phase II studies at the time of its development, including a report of a patient with complete response to S-1. Some reports suggested the possibility of using S-1 in neoadjuvant chemotherapy and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. The usefulness of S-1 in combination chemotherapy was also suggested in several reports. These results indicate that S-1 is a key drug that can be used in first-line treatment of gastric cancer. It will be necessary to accumulate evidence based on data from clinical trials and clinical applications in the future.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2003

A dose-finding study of glycosylated G-CSF (Lenograstim) combined with CHOP therapy for stem cell mobilization in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

BACKGROUND: Peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) reinfusion has been widely used for hematopoietic reconstitution after high-dose chemotherapy. However, the optimal dose of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) for PBSC mobilization in combination with chemotherapy for autograft remains unknown. METHODS: To find the optimal dose of glycosylated G-CSF (lenograstim) for PBSC mobilization in combination with chemotherapy for aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), we conducted a dose-finding study on 43 newly diagnosed patients who had unfavorable prognostic factors. They received four to six courses of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone combined with lenograstim every 2 weeks (biweekly CHOP therapy). PBSC apheresis was started after the third course of biweekly CHOP therapy. Lenograstim was given daily from day 3 until the day of the last apheresis. The optimum dose of lenograstim was assessed based on mobilization efficacy and safety profiles at a daily single dose of 2, 5 and 10 microg/kg for eight patients in each level. RESULTS: The collected number of CD34+ cells in the first apheresis products was higher in the 5 microg/kg group than in the 2 microg/kg group (median, 4.22 x 10(6) vs 2.49 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg, P = 0.051). The highest dose of 10 microg/kg (median, 2.99 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg) failed to show a dose dependence in PBSC mobilization. The efficacy and safety of the 5 microg/kg dose were further confirmed in an additional 19 patients. CONCLUSIONS: The present study suggests that the recommended dose of lenograstim for PBSC mobilization with CHOP therapy in untreated NHL is 5 microg/kg.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2003

[Discussion for gastric cancer treatment guidelines in Japan].

The Japan Gastric Cancer Association issued the first version of Gastric Cancer treatment guidelines in March 2001 and those for patients in December 2001. These guidelines aim to reduce differences in treatment selection by institutions and doctors by to provide standard indication for doctors and patients. This guidelines show treatment indications according to the clinical stages of disease. If doctors are planning to offer treatments different from those in the guidelines, they are expected to explain the reasons for this difference to patients. The advantages and disadvantages of the guidelines had been discussed in developing committee and symposium of Japanese gastric cancer association. In these guidelines for patients, [there is no evidence to prevent gastric cancer by Helicobacter pylori eradication.]. But, many studies have yielded a positive relationship between Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer. These gastric cancer treatment guidelines are significant in every respect, especially medical care and informed consent. Treatment guidelines should be revised associated with developments in the treatment of gastric cancer.

Helicobacter Infections↗
PubMed2003

[Hepatotoxicity of chemotherapy].

Patients who will receive chemotherapy require careful assessment of liver function prior to treatment to determine which drugs are not appropriate, and which drug need dose modification. Many medications, alcohol has their more or less hepatotoxic effect, so because of their immunocompromise state, some body are prone to liver infection, including viral hepatitis. Lamivudine is effective in treating hepatitis B reactivation during chemotherapy. Now, the increased use of high-dose regimens with bone marrow or stem-cell support has been shown the drugs toxicities complication more, which does not observed in with conventional doses. Clinical judgment and a high index of suspicion remain critical tool in preventing and treating hepatic manifestations of cancer chemotherapy.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed2003

[Hepatotoxicity of chemotherapy].

Patients who will receive chemotherapy require careful assessment of liver function prior to treatment to determine which drugs are not appropriate, and which drugs need dose modification. However, if the hepatic parenchymal abnormalities are caused by an underlying neoplasm and the neoplasm is sensitive to the drugs, it may not be necessary to reduce the dose. Clearly, this is an area where clinical judgment must be used to assess the risk/benefit ratio. Treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) involves either the nucleoside analogue lamivudine or interferon alpha. The advantage of lamivudine includes limited adverse effects and the fact that histological improvement has been documented in the majority of patients. Primary prophylaxis with lamivudine may be a well tolerated and effective method to reduce the frequency of chemotherapy-induced HBV reactivation in chronic HbsAg carriers. HbsAg screening is necessary before beginning chemotherapy for non Hodgkin's lymphoma patients. However, the main problem with long-term lamivudine therapy is the emergence of genotypic resistance because of base pair substitution at specific sites within the YMDD locus of the DNA polymerase gene. Significant hepatic dysfunction is uncommon among hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected patients treated with chemotherapy for hematological malignancies. However, infection with elevated AST levels is a significant risk factor for veno-occlusive disease after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Clinical judgment and a high index of suspicion remain critical tools in preventing and treating hepatic manifestations of cancer chemotherapy.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed2003

[Rituximab].

CHOP has been the standard chemotherapy for aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). However, indolent NHL remains largely an incurable diseases, with nearly static overall survival, and only 40% of patients with aggressive NHL are cured by CHOP. Monoclonal antibodies are an exciting advance in the treatment of lymphoma. Rituximab is a mouse/human chimeric monoclonal antibody that targets the CD20 antigen found on the surface of malignant and normal cells of the B-cell lineage, but not on primitive stem cells or mature plasma cells. Rituximab is safe and well-tolerated, and exhibit little cross-resistance with conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Clinical trials with rituximab indicate that the drug has broad application to NHL, although further clarification is needed to determine its optimal use in many of these clinical settings. In indolent NHL, rituximab has shown useful response rates, both as first-line therapy in relapsed disease. In aggressive lymphomas, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is the most common form, the addition of rituximab to CHOP chemotherapy significantly lengthens disease-free and overall survival compared to CHOP alone as first line therapy, at least in elderly patients. These included combination with chemotherapy, prolonged or increased dosing regimens, and maintenance therapy, in which rituximab is administered to patients in remission to eliminate minimal residual disease and reduce the risk of relapse. Rituximab in vivo purging and maintenance is also being evaluated in autologous transplantation setting. Newer agents, including radiolabelled antibodies, Immunotoxin-linked antibodies and antibodies against novel target antigens are being tested in on-going clinical trial.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed2002

[Approaches to prevention of the middle to late phase adverse drug reactions in chemotherapy].

This is a review of the prevention of middle to late phase adverse drug reactions in chemotherapy. The development of clinical practice guidelines for cancer chemotherapy is being promoted recently. The guidelines for the prevention of adverse drug reactions are also necessary to achieve the best results from chemotherapy. A feature of middle to late phase adverse reactions is that almost all reactions are accumulative toxicities depending on the total dose of drug. Moreover, if they happen, there is no standard therapy to control the toxicity and only supportive care can be provided. Therefore, prevention and early detection of the toxicity is of utmost importance. It is necessary that all clinicians should have the knowledge of how to control these toxicities, and treat the patients appropriately on the basis of that knowledge.

Antineoplastic Agents↗