Biomedical subjects
Tomoya Hamaguchi
Publications and source records attributed to Tomoya Hamaguchi.
[Insulin treatment in elder patients with diabetes].
Diabetes is a highly expanding health problem in Japan, especially for older people. The prevalence of glucose intolerance and diabetes increases with age. A postprandial hyperglycemia is the primary clinical manifestation. In older diabetic patients, atherosclerotic complications (macroangiopathies), as well as microangiopathies, are significant problems, threatening their quality of life. Though insulin therapy requires some special considerations, insulin is indicated for any patients with a poor glycemic control with oral agents. Single or multiple dose (s) of insulin injection therapy is selected for each patient to prevent symptomatic hyperglycemia, or to achieve near-normal glycemic control. Also, to maintain the quality of life for these older patients, hypoglycemia, as well as hyperglycemia, should be avoided. Newly developed insulin analogue (s) may be more appropriate for preventing hypoglycemia. Another method of prevention and treatment of hypoglycemia are discussed in this article.
[GLP-1 derivatives, for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus].
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Efficacy of glimepiride in type 2 diabetic patients treated with glibenclamide.
Multicentric study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of glimepiride in the oral hypoglycemic agents therapy of type 2 diabetic patients treated with glibenclamide so far, and to claim an adequate use of this new generation sulfonylurea. In 66 diabetic outpatients, glibenclamide was switched to glimepiride. After 6 months' therapy, a significant reduction in fasting plasma IRI was observed in relatively hyperinsulinemic patients. In addition, weight reduction was achieved in patients with insulin resistance during this study. These findings suggest that glimepiride improves insulin resistance in hyperinsulinemic patients treated with glibenclamide. Also, glimepiride is favored especially for overweight, insulin-resistant patients inadequately controlled by glibenclamide.
[Insulin therapy in diabetic patient with hypertension].
The advantage of insulin therapy for diabetic patient with hypertension is still controversial. Hyperinsulinemia, as well as insulin resistance have been known to be associated with hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Some mechanisms are reported in the conditions of hyperinsulinemia to induce hypertension and atherosclerosis. However, in many intervention studies, the intensive insulin therapy provided promising effects on preventing cardiovascular disease. Moreover, insulin have been shown to stimulate nitric oxide production by cultured endothelial cells, and to suppress the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1), at least in vitro. In view of this anti-inflammatory effect, long-term insulin therapy may potentially have an anti-atherogenic effect.
Phosphofructokinase deficiency; past, present and future.
Phosphofructokinase deficiency (Tarui disease, glycogen storage disease VII, GSD VII) stands out among all the GSDs. PFK deficiency was the first recognized disorder that directly affects glycolysis. Ever since the discovery of the disease in 1965, a wide range of biochemical, physiological and molecular studies of the disorder have greatly expanded our understanding of the function of normal muscle, general control of glycolysis and glycogen metabolism. The studies of PFK deficiency vastly enriched the field of glycogen storage diseases, as well as the field of metabolic and neuromuscular disorders. This article cites a historical overview of this clinical entity and the progress that has been made in molecular genetic area. We will also present the results of a search in-silico, which allowed us to identify a previously unknown sequence of the human platelet PFK gene (PFK-P). In addition, we will describe phylogenetic analysis of evolution of PFK genes.
[A new method of communication and education for diabetics by glucose monitoring via Internet].
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