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Biomedical subjects

Tim Wilkinson

Publications and source records attributed to Tim Wilkinson.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Viewing angle enhancement for two- and three-dimensional holographic displays with random superresolution phase masks.

Holographic displays employing binary phase modulation have been demonstrated to be attractive on the grounds of efficiency and miniaturization, and they offer a plausible approach to two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) image projection and display. A novel algorithm--one-step phase retrieval--and corresponding hardware architecture have recently been proposed, providing the performance required for real-time holographic display. However, since viewing angle varies inversely with pixel size, very small display pixels are required to achieve a wide field of view. This is particularly problematic for 3D displays, as the requirement for a large display with small pixels has hitherto necessitated an unachievably large electrical bandwidth. We present a novel approach, utilizing fixed random pixelated quaternary phase masks of greater resolution than the displayed hologram, to dramatically increase the viewing angle for 2D and 3D holographic displays without incurring a bandwidth penalty or significantly degrading image quality. Furthermore, an algorithm is presented to generate holograms accounting for the presence of such a phase mask, so that only one mask is required.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

Laser-printer computer-generated holograms exhibiting suppressed higher orders in the replay field.

Conventional computer-generated holograms (CGHs) consist of regularly spaced square pixels, which, when replayed, exhibit many repeated higher orders. Furthermore, such pixellated CGHs are not well suited to printing using a conventional laser printer. In this Letter a novel method is presented that exploits the characteristics of a conventional laser-printing process to generate holograms with replay fields that exhibit markedly suppressed higher orders.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

Nursing education in gerontological clinical settings: What do elderly patients think of student-rendered care?

Gerontological units are commonly used as clinical placements for first year nursing students, but the ethics of sending novice nursing students to gerontological units for their first clinical placement is often challenged. Although this environment allows student learning at a slower pace, some believe that students are practicing on a captive population and that this undervalues the specialist knowledge and skills required to care for older patients. This qualitative study explores the perspectives of 12 older patients in long-term care hospitals who had first-year nursing students involved in their care. Data were gathered using face-to-face, semi-structured interviews. A thematic analysis of data then identified themes and patterns used by older adults to describe their perspectives of student-rendered care. Findings revealed that with the exception of one patient, this group of older patients found first-year student-nurse-rendered care to be a positive experience. The emergent themes indicated that patients enjoyed the extra care, attention, and the increased social opportunities the students provided. The patients also demonstrated an interest in participating in student learning. The findings are discussed in relation to social exchange theory and the concept of reciprocity.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

What evidence-based undergraduate interventions promote rural health?

AIMS: This article identifies published reports of medical undergraduate rural programmes from international medical schools and investigates the features making these programmes successful in recruiting and retaining rural physicians. METHOD: Literature review. RESULTS: Ten successful programmes were identified. Common features included selective admission, curricular focus on primary care/family medicine, community-based teaching, and community/rural preceptorship. A strong association exists between rural background of the student and choice of both a rural career and a career in primary care. Medical students of rural origin with an initial interest in a generalist career are significantly more likely to enter rural practice. Community preceptorship with its high staff:student ratio has been effective in influencing students' career choices. CONCLUSIONS: The effectiveness of a medical undergraduate rural programme in preparing and recruiting physicians for rural practice does not occur with one isolated strategy but with a chronological sequence of interventions. The most effective programmes consider both pre-medical school and medical school educational factors. Medical schools would need to implement a combination of these strategies when designing a programme to maximise success.

Career Choice↗
PubMed2003

The demographic characteristics of New Zealand medical students: the New Zealand Wellbeing, Intentions, Debt and Experiences (WIDE) Survey of Medical Students 2001 study.

AIMS: To develop and administer the first nationwide survey of all medical students in New Zealand. This paper reports the demographic characteristics of medical students and compares them with the general population. METHODS: A questionnaire was developed, with questions modelled on the New Zealand Census, and administered to all New Zealand medical students. Data were then compared with the New Zealand Census. RESULTS: The response rate was 83%. Female students made up 55.9% of the class. The ethnic composition of the class, Maori (6.8%), Pacific Islander (4.3%), NZ European (50.9%), Asian (31.4%), differed significantly from the general New Zealand population. Maori and Pacific Island students, and students from a rural background were significantly under-represented. Permanent residents represented 11.1% of the student population. Three quarters of medical students reported that at least one of their parents had a tertiary qualification. CONCLUSIONS: Medical students are more likely to be socioeconomically advantaged and from an urban community, and less likely to be of Maori or Pacific Island descent, than the general population. In the context of a shortage of practitioners in rural, lower socioeconomic and Maori or Pacific Island areas, these differences are worrying. The number of permanent residents and female students may have implications for the New Zealand medical workforce.

Asian People↗