Biomedical subjects

Thierry Ripoll

Publications and source records attributed to Thierry Ripoll.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Relative weight of local and global properties depends on both the position of local elements and the saliency of global form.

Love, Rouder, and Wisniewski (1999) and Ripoll and Marty (2005) showed that subjects could process global properties very quickly in a same/different task on abstract visual scenes for which the conspicuity of local and global properties had been controlled. In this new experiment, two important new factors were manipulated: saliency of the global pattern and location of local similarity. The results showed that the saliency of the global form as well as the location of local similarity determines the strength of global and local effects. Global effects continue to manifest themselves even when the extraction of the global form is difficult. Finally, the whole pattern of results suggests that local and global processing proceeds simultaneously and involves two attentional systems whose spatial characteristics are very different.

Attention↗

PubMed2005

The role of local and global properties in comparison of analogical visual scenes.

Love, Rouder, and Wisniewski (1999) obtained interesting results showing that, in a same/different task on abstract visual scenes, subjects were able to process global properties quickly, even before local properties were identified. Our aim in this work is to explore more fully the complex relationships that exist between local processing and global processing. In our first experiment, we tested the robustness and generality of these global and local effects by using another, very different kind of local element. We showed that the global effects remain strong even when the local elements are neither conventional nor easily discriminable. In the second experiment, we showed that there exists an intermediate level of similarity between purely local and purely global similarity. Furthermore, we found that even when a stronger form of local dissimilarity is manipulated (through the introduction of different local elements), global effects were still observed. We conclude with a discussion of the respective roles of global and local properties in light of our findings.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Does analogical transfer involve a term-to-term alignment?

According to dominant models of reasoning by analogy, analogical transfer requires subjects to first define a full one-to-one correspondence between the base and the target problems. Accordingly, these models predict that if there is a cross-mapping between the base and the target (cross-mapping exists when similar or identical elements in the base and the target play different roles), the time spent transferring a property from the base to the target will be greater. The present results are inconsistent with this prediction. Indeed, if the mapping task is more difficult in the cross-mapping condition than in the control condition, the time needed to make the transfer is not affected by the presence of a cross-mapping. Consequently, we conclude that the mapping phase is not a necessary condition for transfer.

Humans↗