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Tetsuro Muratani

Publications and source records attributed to Tetsuro Muratani.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Questionnaire survey on the theory of antimicrobial prophylaxis in urologic surgery].

In order to establish an acceptable guideline for prevention of perioperative infection following urologic surgery, a questionnaire survey on the theory of antimicrobial prophylaxis (AMP) was conducted among urologists in Japan in February 2004. A reply was obtained from 149 urologists working for institutes located all over Japan from Hokkaido to Kyushu areas. Ninety-two percent of the urologists agreed that AMP should be administered 30 min before an incision, and 44% replied that an additional dose of AMP is required in the case of prolonged intervention. Penicillins or the 1st or 2nd generation cephems were used by 89 to 93% of the urologists in operations not including bowel segments, while 78% preferred such AMP agents in the procedures including bowel segments. AMP was terminated within 3 days in 87% for genital operations, in 70 to 76% for laparoscopic operations, in 54 to 65% for other clean or clean-contaminated operations, and in 24% for operations without the bowel segments. Especially, 58% of the urologists continued AMP for more than 5 days after operations with urinary diversion using the intestine. When compared with the previous questionnaire survey by Shinagawa et al, our survey demonstrated that standard consensus of AMP has spread widely among urologists in Japan, although the recommendations published in Europe and United States are still controversial in Japan. Thus, further well-designed clinical trials are required to establish original guidelines in Japan.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed2003

[Control measures against Serratia marcescens colonization at the neonatal intensive care unit of UOEH hospital].

In September 2001, twelve neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) patients were found to be colonized with pigment-producing strains of Serratia marcescens. The UOEH Infection Control Group (ICG) committee investigated the source of this epidemic and carried out several remedial measures. Immediate investigation of both the environment and the hands of health care workers were enforced. The most likely means of transmission was thought to be from the hands contaminated with S. marcescens that was found on antiseptic cotton, kept in shared stainless steel canisters, used for wiping the patients' buttocks. Therefore, we suggested the following interventions: 1) abolish the stainless steel canisters, and prepare antiseptic cottons for each patient, 2) monitor cultures with some specimens for all patients in the NICU, 3) periodically investigate the environment, 4) enforce workers to wash and disinfect their hands before and after patient care, 5) use new gloves for each treatment, 6) re-examine and modify the caring procedures for inpatients by the nursing staff. In January 2002, this nosocomial colonization came to an end without any serious infection. One of the key points of this success was the quick response by the clinical staff and ICG committee members to the laboratory results of bacteriological examinations. Furthermore, the early investigation of reservoir and good communication between the clinical staff and ICG committee members mostly prevented this nosocomial colonization from becoming worse.

Hospitals↗
PubMed2003

N-acetyltransferase-2 gene polymorphism as a possible biomarker for prostate cancer in Japanese men.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of a polymorphism of the candidate metabolic enzyme N-acetyltransferase-2 (NAT2) in Japanese prostate cancer patients and Japanese non-cancer controls, in order to determine if an association exists between NAT2 genotype and the occurrence, clinical stage and grade of prostate cancer. METHODS: In the present case-control study, 111 patients with prostate cancer and 152 controls were genotyped for the NAT2 polymorphism using the polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism method. The NAT2 genotypes (slow or rapid acetylator genotype) were determined by the combination of three known NAT2 mutant alleles (M1, M2, M3) and the wild-type allele. RESULTS: The NAT2 slow acetylator genotype was statistically higher among prostate cancer patients (17.1%) compared with controls (8.6%) (Odds ration (OR) = 2.21; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04-4.69; P = 0.0289). In addition, there was a statistically increased risk of prostate cancer among smokers with the NAT2 slow genotype (OR = 3.78: 95% CI, 1.48-9.66; P = 0.0041). Furthermore, the NAT2 slow acetylator genotype was significantly higher among prostate cancer patients with locally advanced and metastatic disease (22.7%) compared with controls (8.6%) (OR = 3.14; 95% CI, 1.40-7.06; P = 0.0051). Lastly, the NAT2 slow acetylator genotype was significantly higher among prostate cancer patients with high-grade tumors (31.4%) compared with controls (8.6%) (OR = 4.90; 95% CI, 1.97-12.20; P = 0.0010). CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate that the NAT2 slow acetylator genotype plays an important role in determining the risk of developing prostate cancer in Japanese men and is also associated with more clinically advanced and pathologically aggressive disease. Furthermore, a possible interaction between the NAT2 slow acetylator genotype and smoking status was suggested.

Acetylation↗
PubMed2003

[Tuberculous epididymitis caused by intravesical BCG therapy: a case report].

We describe a case of tuberculous epididymitis that occurred 35 months after completion of a course of intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). A 67-year-old man had received trasuretheral resection for bladder cancer in February 1997. Two weeks after the operation, a course of 8 weekly intravesical instillations of BCG (Tokyo 172 strain) was carried out between March and April, 1997. Under the diagnosis of benign prostatic hypertrophy, transuretheral resection of the prostate was performed in March 1998. Multiple tuberculous nodules were histopathologically detected in resected prostatic tissues. The patient complained of a small nodule in the right epididymal tail in August 2001. The nodule developed during 6 weeks, with spontaneous perforation of the scrotal skin and discharge of pus. The pus contained acid-fast bacilli, which were shown to be tubercle bacilli by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with pan-mycobacterium primer. MPB64-T2, T6 and pncA-7, 11C were positive, while PT-1, 2 and pncA-7, 10 were negative by PCR. These results revealed that Mycobacterium bovis (BCG Organism) was the cause of the epididymitis. Drug therapy for 3 months with rifampicin, isoniazid and ethambutol was initiated in September 2001, and right orchiectomy was performed in October. Histopathological examination showed tuberculous epididymitis. In this case, persistent BCG organisms may have reached the epididymis from the prostate, and may have been activated by immunosuppression associated with aging. In addition, PCR with species-specific primers was useful in differentiating Mycobacterium bovis from Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed2002

[Faropenem 300 mg 3 times daily versus levofloxacin 100 mg 3 times daily in the treatment of urinary tract infections in patients with neurogenic bladder and/or benign prostatic hypertrophy].

Faropenem (FRPM) is an only penem antibiotics. Though it has been reported that FRPM had good efficacy (overall efficacy rate: 82.0%) against patients with complicated urinary tract infection, FRPM has not been frequently used for UTI patients. This multicenter clinical study was designed to compare FRPM 300 mg 3 times daily to Levofloxacin (LVFX), which is the standard treatment for patients with UTI, 100 mg 3 times daily for 7 days in the treatment of urinary tract infections in patients with neurogenic bladder and/or benign prostatic hypertrophy. A total of 60 patients with significant bacteriuria and pyuria were included in this study. Overall efficacy rate (excellent plus moderate) was achieved in 90.6% (29/32) of patients treated with FRPM versus 82.1% (23/28) of those treated with LVFX. The ratios of eliminated bacteriuria and cleared pyuria were 71.9% and 56.3% of patients treated with FRPM, and 64.3% and 75.0% of those treated with LVFX. These data were not significant difference. In conclusion, FRPM 300 mg 3 times daily is at least as effective as LVFX 100 mg 3 times daily in patients with complicated urinary tract infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Evaluation of the disinfective efficacy of povidone-iodine with the use of the transparent film dressing OpSite Wound.

To determine the duration of efficacy of disinfection with povidone-iodine (PVP-I) conducted before application of OpSite Wound (Smith and Nephew, UK), bacteriological evaluation was carried out. In 9 healthy adults, 3 sites on the forearms or other parts were chosen for application of OpSite Wound after adequate disinfection with PVP-I. As compared to the bacterial count score of 1.67-2.00 before disinfection, a significant reduction of the score was observed on removal of OpSite Wound on days 1, 2 and 3. The score of 0.5-0.67 immediately after disinfection did not change or deteriorate until removal of OpSite Wound. This finding supports the fact that unnecessary dressing changes could be avoided postoperatively for at least 3 days by disinfection with PVP-I and application of OpSite Wound particularly for operations categorized as 'clean surgery'.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Association of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism with renal cell carcinoma in Japanese.

Molecular epidemiologic studies have reported a relationship between 1alpha,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) and the development and progression of malignant tumors. (1,25(OH)2D3) exerts its biological activity by binding the vitamin D receptor (VDR), while recent studies have demonstrated that VDR gene polymorphisms affect serum levels of (1,25(OH)2D3). Serum levels of (1,25(OH)2D3) are reported to be significantly lower in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) compared to non-cancer control patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the TaqI VDR polymorphism in Japanese RCC patients and non-cancer controls in order to determine if an association exists between VDR genotype and the risk of developing RCC as well as clinical risk factors. A total of 102 RCC patients and 204 controls were genotyped for a previously described TaqI restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the VDR gene. Products were digested into T allele or the t allele according to the absence or presence of a TaqI restriction site. Individuals were classified as TT, Tt or tt. The genotype TT was statistically more frequent among RCC patients (80.4%) compared to controls (61.8%) (OR = 2.54; 95% CI, 1.44-4.46; p = 0.0006). In addition, the occurrence of the genotype TT was significantly higher in patients with rapid-growth-type group (92.1%) compared to slow-growth-type group (73.4%) (OR = 4.22; 95% CI, 1.15-15.53; p = 0.0175). These data demonstrate that VDR genotype plays an important role in determining the risk of developing more aggressive RCC in Japanese.

Aged↗