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Tatsuya Takahashi

Publications and source records attributed to Tatsuya Takahashi.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Visual event-related potentials under different interstimulus intervals in Parkinson's disease: relation to motor disability, WAIS-R, and regional cerebral blood flow.

We have introduced S1-S2 paradigm (task S) as well as oddball paradigm (task O) visual event-related potentials (ERPs) under different interstimulus intervals (ISIs) in Parkinson's disease (PD). ERP measurements were correlated with motor disability, WAIS-R, and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). The 'group' influence was characterized by longer latency for P300, N200, and reaction time and decreased P300 amplitude in PD. Both P300 latency and reaction time during task O showed significantly longer latency in longer ISI condition. Our results revealed 'ISI' influence on ERPs during task S and significant correlation between ERPs and rCBF in task S.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Risk factors for cerebral palsy in preterm infants.

OBJECTIVE: To identify crucial factors that precipitate cerebral palsy by controlling confounding factors in logistic regression analyses. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: We retrospectively investigated a cohort of all 922 infants with gestational ages of less than 34 weeks (22-33 weeks), who were admitted to our neonatal intensive care unit between 1990 and 1998. Thirty (3.7%) were diagnosed to have cerebral palsy. We analyzed the prenatal and postnatal clinical variables of the cerebral palsy cases and compared them with 150 randomly selected controls. RESULTS: Risk factors for cerebral palsy identified in univariate analysis were: twin pregnancy, long-term ritodrine tocolysis, respiratory distress syndrome, air leak, surfactant administration, intermittent mandatory ventilation, high frequency oscillation, lowest PaCO2 levels, prolonged hypocarbia during the first 72 h of life, and postnatal steroid therapy. In a conditional multiple logistic model, long-term ritodrine tocolysis, prolonged hypocarbia and postnatal steroid therapy remained associated with an increased risk of cerebral palsy after adjustment for other antenatal and postnatal variables (OR [Odds Ratio] = 8.62, 95% CI [Confidence Interval], 2.18-33.97; OR = 7.81, 95% CI, 1.42-42.92; OR = 21.37, 95% CI, 2.01-227.29, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that long-term ritodrine tocolysis underlines the development of cerebral palsy. Further assessments of the effect of ritodrine on fetal circulation and nervous system are required. Moreover, possible alternatives to systemic postnatal steroids are needed, and carbon dioxide levels should be more strictly controlled.

Cerebral Palsy↗
PubMed2005

Autopsy case of acute encephalopathy linked to familial hemiplegic migraine with cerebellar atrophy and mental retardation.

A 19-year-old female patient, who had exhibited esotropia, mild cerebellar ataxia, mild mental retardation, and cerebellar atrophy on magnetic resonance images at the age of 15, developed signs of acute encephalopathy, and thereafter died of disseminated intravascular coagulation on the day of her admission. Both her mother and sister suffered from attacks of hemiplegic migraine, mild mental retardation, and cerebellar ataxia. Neuropathological examinations revealed acute changes in the widespread cerebral cortex, chronic degenerative changes in the anterior lobe of the cerebellar vermis, axonal spheroids in the Goll's nucleus, pseudo-calcinosis in the globus pallidus, and glial bundles in the cranial nerves. The most fascinating features were changes of Purkinje cells, such as cactuses (asteroid bodies, dendritic expansions), somatic sprouts, and torpedoes. These changes may be characteristic of familial hemiplegic migraine with cerebellar atrophy, as well as the other metabolic diseases, such as Menkes' kinky hair disease, infantile (Tay-Sachs type) amaurotic idiocy, organic mercury intoxication, and mitochondrial encephalopathy, of which cases often exhibit such pathological changes of Purkinje cells. Therefore, familial hemiplegic migraine may share some metabolic abnormalities with the diseases mentioned above.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Combination of heart-type fatty acid binding protein and brain natriuretic peptide can reliably risk stratify patients hospitalized for chronic heart failure.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to prospectively study whether a combination of markers for myocardial cell injury and left ventricular overload at admission can reliably risk stratify patients hospitalized for chronic heart failure (CHF). METHODS AND RESULTS: Serum concentrations of heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) and plasma concentrations of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were measured at admission in 186 consecutive patients hospitalized for CHF. During a mean follow-up period of 534+/-350 days, there were 44 cardiac events, including 16 cardiac deaths and 28 readmissions for worsening heart failure. Normal upper limits for H-FABP and BNP values were determined from the receiver operating characteristic curves (4.3 ng/ml for H-FABP and 200 pg/ml for BNP). A stepwise Cox regression analysis demonstrated that high H-FABP (hazard ratio 5.416, p = 0.0002) and high BNP (hazard ratio 2.411, p = 0.0463) were independent predictors of cardiac events. High concentrations of both H-FABP and BNP at admission were associated with the highest incidence of cardiac mortality and cardiac events. Kaplan-Meier analysis also showed that the combination of H-FABP and BNP concentrations could reliably stratify patients for cardiac events. CONCLUSION: Combined measurement of H-FABP and BNP concentrations at admission may be a highly reliable evaluation for risk stratifying patients hospitalized for CHF.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

[Evaluation of service screening for breast cancer by clinical breast examination using regional cancer registry data].

MATERIALS: (1) Screening test: The study utilized data from a regional cancer-screening center from April 1, 1997, to December 31, 1998. A total of 51,700 women underwent screening at this center during this period. All incident cases of breast cancer in these women were derived from the files of the Yamagata Prefectural Cancer registry and sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value were then estimated. False negative cases were defined as occurring in women who tested negative but were registered as having breast cancer in the cancer registry within 12 months after screening. (2) Effectiveness of screening: The target population comprised female cases with breast cancer registered in the Yamagata Prefectural Cancer Registry from January 1, 1989 to December 31, 1998. During this period, a total of 2,746 cases were registered. Survival probabilities for breast cancer cases were estimated according to method of detection using Kaplan-Meier method. Overall survival probability of the screen-detected group was compared with the not screen-detected group using the log-rank test. Point estimates of 5- and 9-year survival rates between groups were compared using z statistics. RESULTS: (1) Screening detected 27 breast cancer cases, while 31 false negative cases were identified. Sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value were 46.6% (95% confidence interval (95% CI), 33.3-60.1%), 97.3% (95% CI, 97.2-97.5%) and 1.9% (95% CI, 1.3-2.8%), respectively. (2) Overall survival rate for the screen-detected group was significantly higher than that for the not screen-detected group (P<0.001), with 11.6% (95% CI, 8.0-15.2%) and 13.1% (95% CI: 5.3-20.8%) differences in 5-year and 9-year survival probabilities, respectively. CONCLUSION: Cancer screening by clinical breast examination in Yamagata has improved survival from breast cancer for females. However, the screening sensitivity is insufficient for effective mass screening purposes.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Treatment of neurological complication due to postgastrectomy vitamin E deficiency].

Although postgastrectomy vitamin E deficiency rarely occurs, it can cause neuromuscular disorder such as neuropathy, myopathy and cerebellar ataxia. We encounter a lot of cases whose serum vitamin E level were decreased after gastrectomy. We evaluated the oral vitamin E intake as a therapy to these cases. The subjects of this study were 11 gastrectomized patients (8 patients had total gastrectomy, 2 subtotal gastrtectomy, 1 partial gastrectomy) with decreased vitamin E. 10 patients had neurological complications such as dizziness, dysesthesia, truncal ataxia. Serum vitamin E increased to normal level in 10 patients and neurological disturbances were improved in 9 patients. The minimum requirement of oral vitamin E intake was 150 mg a day for normalization of serum vitamin E, on the other hand, it decreased with 150 mg intake in some patients. Their serum level increased with 300 mg. We suggest that it is important to check serum vitamin E in gastrectomized patients and oral vitamin E should be supplied over 300 mg for the therapy with vitamin E deficiency.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2004

Prepregnancy body mass index as an important predictor of perinatal outcomes in Japanese.

OBJECTIVE: The influence of maternal body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy and weight gain during pregnancy on perinatal outcomes in the Japanese population remains to be elucidated. Therefore, we estimated the risk of perinatal morbidity of the mother and infant with respect to maternal prepregnancy BMI and weight gain during pregnancy in Japanese. RESULTS: In the obese before pregnancy group, the risks of cesarean delivery, preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes were significantly elevated compared with the normal group. In the underweight before pregnancy group, the risks of low birth weight infant and hospitalization of infant were elevated significantly. CONCLUSION: However, weight gain during pregnancy did not show any significant influence on the perinatal outcomes of the mother or infant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Neonatal behavioral assessment scale as a predictor of later developmental disabilities of low birth-weight and/or premature infants.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS) as a tool to assess the risk of later developmental disabilities. The study subjects were 209 low birth-weight and/or premature infants admitted to the NICU at the Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan. These infants were examined using the NBAS at 36-38 (NBAS36), 40-42 (NBAS40) and 44-46 weeks (NBAS44) of postmenstrual age, and their developmental outcome was measured using standardized assessments at 5 years of age. Based on the results of diagnosis at 5 years of age, subjects were classified into three groups: Normal, Mild Disability and Severe Disability groups. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that lower Motor cluster scores for all assessment periods and lower Orientation cluster scores in the NBAS40 and NBAS44 were significantly associated with an increased risk of both Mild and Severe Disability. Also, the Range of State cluster scores for the NBAS44 were significantly related to the risk of Mild Disability, and the Reflexes cluster scores in the NBAS40 and NBAS44 were the best predictor of Severe Disability. In outcome prediction using the estimated regression coefficients, 94-97% of the subjects in the Normal group, 50-78% in the Mild Disability group and 71-85% in the Severe Disability group were correctly classified. The NBAS could help clinicians to develop a management protocol for infants at risk for developmental disabilities as well as to identify neonates at risk of developmental disabilities.

Aging↗
PubMed2003

Early sensory information processes are enhanced on visual oddball and S1-S2 tasks in Parkinson's disease: a visual event-related potentials study.

To observe sensory and cognitive information processing in Parkinson's disease (PD), 34 PD patients and 26 controls were investigated. A visual oddball paradigm and an S1-S2 paradigm were employed to record the early (P1, N1, P2) and late (N2, P3) event-related potentials (ERPs) at Cz, Pz and Oz. Results showed: (1) enlarged P1 amplitude at all electrode locations on both tasks, (2) shortened N1 latency and enlarged P2 amplitude at Oz on both tasks, (3) enlarged N1 amplitude at Cz during an oddball paradigm, (4) delayed N2 latency and decreased N2, P3 amplitude on both tasks, and (5) delayed P3 latency and reaction time during the S1-S2 paradigm. Abnormal ERP changes were correlated with worsened scores on Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised and motor dysfunction scales in PD. We surmise overactive aspects or failed inhibitory modulation of sensory information processing in the early ERP stage and deficient cognitive information processing during the late ERP stage in PD.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Neonatal behavioral characteristics and later behavioral problems.

The purposes of this study were (1) to evaluate the usefulness of the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS) as a tool to assess the risk of later behavioral problems, (2) to analyze the relationship between neonatal behavioral characteristics and behavioral problems in childhood. Subjects were 77 very-low-birth-weight infants admitted to the NICU at the Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan. The results suggest that behavioral characteristics such as poor motor performance, poor state regulation, and poor interaction ability in the neonatal period are risk factors for behavioral problems in childhood. The NBAS could help clinicians to identify neonates at risk of later behavioral problems.

Child↗
PubMed2003

Risk factors for Helicobacter pylori infection among a rural population in Japan: relation to living environment and medical history.

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori infection is related to several gastroduodenal diseases, though the route of transmission remains unclear. METHODS: A cross-sectional study that included 695 healthy people (males 308, females 387; median age 60 years) participating in a health checkup program in Yamagata Prefecture was conducted. H. pylori status was determined in all subjects by evaluation of serum anti-H. pylori immunoglobulin G antibody. Antibody against hepatitis A virus was used as a marker of fecal-oral exposure to assess the agreement between H. pylori infection and hepatitis A virus infection. Data on other factors known or suspected to be related to infection status were also collected using a questionnaire. RESULTS: Seroprevalence of H. pylori and hepatitis A virus was 60% and 70%, respectively. Kappa values for subjects aged 20-49 and aged 50 or older were 0.07 and 0.02, respectively, and agreement between the presences of both infections was assessed as slight. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, H. pylori infection was significantly associated with availability of a sewage system in childhood (presence [reference], absence [odds ratio (OR) = 4.06, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.36-13.94]) and the number of gastrointestinal endoscopies undergone (none [reference], once [OR = 1.64, 95% CI: 0.83-3.27], 2-3 times [OR = 3.11, 95% CI: 1.65-5.99], or 4 or more times [OR = 3.18, 95% CI: 1.71-6.03]), (p < 0.01 for trend). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that poor hygiene in childhood is related to H. pylori infection. The fecal-oral route does not seem to be an important mode of transmission, but the possibility of transmission by gastrointestinal endoscopic examination exists.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

The relationship of thyroid cancer with radiation exposure from nuclear weapon testing in the Marshall Islands.

The US nuclear weapons testing program in the Pacific conducted between 1946 and 1958 resulted in radiation exposure in the Marshall Islands. The potentially widespread radiation exposure from radio-iodines of fallout has raised concerns about the risk of thyroid cancer in the Marshallese population. The most serious exposures and its health hazards resulted from the hydrogen-thermonuclear bomb test, the Castle BRAVO, on March 1, 1954. Between 1993 and 1997, we screened 3,709 Marshallese for thyroid disease who were born before the BRAVO test. It was 60% of the entire population at risk and who were still alive at the time of our examinations. We diagnosed 30 thyroid cancers and found 27 other study participants who had been operated for thyroid cancer before our screening in this group. Fifty-seven Marshallese born before 1954 (1.5%) had thyroid cancer or had been operated for thyroid cancer. Nearly all (92%) of these cancers were papillary carcinoma. We derived estimates of individual thyroid dose proxy from the BRAVO test in 1954 on the basis of published age-specific doses estimated on Utirik atoll and 137Cs deposition levels on the atolls where the participants came from. There was suggestive evidence that the prevalence of thyroid cancer increased with category of estimated dose to the thyroid.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Visual event-related potential changes in two subtypes of multiple system atrophy, MSA-C and MSA-P.

We investigated the visual event-related potentials (ERPs) in two subtypes of multisystem atrophy (MSA) in 15 MSA-C patients, 12 MSA-P patients, and 21 normal control (NC) subjects. We used a visual oddball task to elicit ERPs. No significant changes were seen in N1 or N2 latency, in either MSA-C or MSA-P, compared with the NC group. An early stage of visual information process related to N1 and a visual discrimination process related to N2 might be preserved in both MSA-C and MSA-P. The P3a peak was more frequently undetectable in MSA than in the NC group. Significant P3a amplitude reduction in both MSA-C and MSA-P suggests impairment of the automatic cognitive processing in both MSA-C and MSA-P. Significant difference was found in P3b latency and P3b amplitude only in MSA-C, compared with the NC group. The result suggests the impairment of the controlled cognitive processing after the visual discrimination process in the MSA-C group. We further investigated the correlation between visual ERP changes and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. Quantitative MRI measurements showed reduced size of the pons, cerebellum, perisylvian cerebral area, and deep cerebral gray matter in both MSA-C and MSA-P, and of the corpus callosum only in MSA-P, as compared to NC group. In both MSA-C and MSA-P, P3b latency was significantly correlated with the size on MRI of the pons and the cerebellum. P3b latency in the whole MSA group was also significantly correlated with the size of the pons and the cerebellum. These results indicate that P3b latency changes in parallel with the volume of the pons and the cerebellum in both MSA-C and MSA-P.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of kangaroo care and standard care: behavioral organization, development, and temperament in healthy, low-birth-weight infants through 1 year.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether Kangaroo Care (KC) for healthy, low-birth-weight (LBW) infants can promote better behavioral and developmental outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: In this historical control study, 26 infants in the KC group (GA: 34.3+/-2.5 weeks, BW: 1833.9+/-167.6 g) and 27 infants in the comparison group who received the standard medical-nursing care (34.6+/-2.3 weeks, 1850.9+/-156.7 g) were analyzed by the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS) at 40 weeks of postmenstrual age, the Bayley Scales of Infant Development and the Carey's Infant Temperament Questionnaire (ITQ) at 6 and 12 months corrected ages. RESULTS: KC infants had significantly higher NBAS scores in Orientation, State Regulation, and Supplementary items; lower Intensity scores and higher Mood scores at 6 months on the ITQ; and higher Bayley Scales score at 12 months. CONCLUSION: KC effectively promoted neonatal behavioral organization and enhanced developmental outcome over the first year of life for LBW infants.

Birth Weight↗