A survey of chemical and pharmacological studies on Solidago.
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Plant Extracts↗
Biomedical subjects
Tao Jiang
Publications and source records attributed to Tao Jiang.
[Pondering on the diagnosis and treatment criteria for syndromes of epilepsy in traditional Chinese medicine].
International League Against Epilepsy announced the new International Classification of Epilepsy in 2001. One of the main objectives of the project is to adopt standard terms to describe seizure phenomena according to the terminological database. The project may profit academic communication and resource integration, and provide evidence for the individual treatment for epilepsy. Treatment based on syndrome differentiation is one of the characteristics of the treatment for epilepsy in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). As far as the individuation on diagnosis and treatment is concerned, TCM and Western medicine present to reach the same goal by different routes gradually for the treatment of epilepsy. But for TCM, the diagnosis and treatment criteria for epilepsy are imperfect and the experts, opinions are not unified, so that the treatment based on syndrome differentiation becomes confused, hence the credit of treatment based on TCM is restricted accordingly. It is necessary to formulate advanced diagnosis and treatment criteria for syndromes of epilepsy in TCM.
Diagnosis, Differential↗
[Primary grafting research of tissue engineered oral mucosa lamina propria on skin full thickness wounds].
OBJECTIVE: To study the allograft effect of two kinds of tissue engineered oral mucosa lamina propria on skin full-thickness wounds. METHODS: The cultured Wistar rat oral mucosa fibroblasts (OMF) were incorporated into collagen or chitosan-collagen to construct the tissue engineered oral mucosa lamina propria, and then the OMFs were labeled with BrdU. The full-thickness round skin defects were made with a round knife (diameter, 0.8 cm) on the backs of 36 Wistar rats (21-25 weeks old), which were divided into 2 experimental groups: the fibroblast-populated collagen lattices (FPCL) group (grafted by FPCLs) and the fibroblast-populated chitosan collagen lattices (FPCCL) group (grafted by FPCCLs), and the control group (only covered with gauges). All the wounds were observed by the naked eyes or the light microscope, and were measured 4, 7, 14, and 21 days postoperatively. RESULTS: There were no infection during the wound healing period. At 7 days after the grafting, the wounds in the 3 groups were covered by scab and/or gauze; at 14 days, the gauze and scab on the wounds in the three groups were all replaced by the new epidermis naturally except one scab each in the FPCCL group and the control groups, which was replaced at 17 days. All the centers of the new epidermis were measurable as the pink red points. At 21 days, all the new skins were smooth without hairs, and their color was similar to the normal one. At 4, 7, and 14 days, there was an indication that the wound diameters became significantly smaller in the three groups; but after the 14th day, there was no significant indication of this kind. At 7 days, the wound diameter in the FPCL group was significantly smaller than that in the FPCCL group and the control group (P < 0.01). Under the light microscope, at 4 days postoperatively, the decayed tissue on the surfaces of the recipient wounds in the FPCL group and the FPCCL group was separated from the lower granular tissue in which there were many inflammatory cells, fibroblasts, and new vessels. There was a similar phenomenon in the control group. Each skin wound in the three groups was only partly keratinocytes at 7 days postoperatively. The recipient wounds were wholly keratinocytes with when rete ridges observed at 14 and 21 days, but in the control group the wounds were keratinocytes with no rete ridges. Fibers in the new dermis were thin. The OMFs with Brdu appeared in the granular tissue and new dermis at 4, 7, 14, and 21 days postoperatively, which could be illustrated by the immunohistochemical staining. The positive OMFs and the granular tissue joined in the repair of the skin defects without any allergic reaction during the period of the wound healing. CONCLUSION: The oral mucosa fibroblasts as the new seed cells can join in the repair of the skin defects effectively and feasible. The fibroblast-populated collagen lattices and the fibroblast-populated chitosan collagen lattices can repair skin defects effectively and feasible, too. And the quality of the new skins was better in the two experimental groups than in the control group.
Animals↗
[Study on immunorepressive mice model by gamma irradiation].
OBJECTIVE: To establish the immunorepressive mice model by irradiation. METHODS: The 90 Kunming mice which the weight is from 30 to 34g were treated with 3Gy, 4Gy, 5Gy gamma irradiation, the delayed allergy testing, the serum haemolysin level testing, the phagocytosing functions testing and the NK cell activity testing were performed at 3th, 7th, 14th, 21th days after irradiation respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All 3Gy, 4Gy, 5Gy gamma irradiation can cause mice immunorepressivestate except the NK cell activity. (2) The time of comeback after irradiation is different from immunity items. The serum haemolysin level is most sensitivity in all, but it comeback most slowly after irradiation. The phagocytosing functions comeback most rapidly after irradiation. (3) It suggests that the irradiation immunorepressive mice model can be established using it in order to evaluate the enhanceing immune function, assisting irradiation hazard protection function and alleviating toxicity function of irradiation treatment and chemical treatment. (4) The NK cell activity is not suitably to immunorespressive by gamma irradiation.
Animals↗
[Development of monoclonal antibody against fumonisin B1 and ELISA-kit of quantitative analysis for fumonisin B1].
OBJECTIVE: To detect the contamination level of fumonisin B1 in grain, and to develop rapid detection kit that possess patent of China. METHODS: Hybridoma cell line excreting monoclonal antibody against fumonisin B, was produced using B cell hybridoma technique and develop a rapid, sensitive, quantitative ELISA-kit for detection fumonisin B1. RESULTS: The monoclonal antibody used in the ELISA-kit were tested for subtype as IgG1 and its affinity constant was 8.3 x 10(-8) mol/L. The monoclonal antibody obtained in the present study was highly specific to fumonisin B1 , because no cross reactions between the monoclonal antibodies against fumonisin B1 with the analogues of fumonisin B, were found. The limited concentration of the ELISA-kit was 5 ng/ml, linear range was 50-500 ng/ml, the linear equation was Y = -0.582 x +1.793( = 0.99, P < 0.05). The recovery rate of maize on the level of 50n g/ml, 200 ng/ml and 500 ng/ml was among 71.89%-112.95%. The kit can be stored at normal tempertature in ten months at least. The coefficient of variant winthin-laboratory and between-laboratory was less than 20%.
Animals↗
[Development of ELISA-kit of quantitative analysis for Zearalenone].
OBJECTIVE: To develope a rapid, sensitive, quantitative ELISA-kit for Zearalenone and determine zearalenone in cereals. METHODS: On the base of monoclonal antibodies against ZEN, apply indirect ELISA to study the performance parameter of the kit. RESULTS: The limited concentration of detection of the ELISA-kit was 1ng/ml, linear range was 1-200 ng/ml, the linear equation was Y = 0.99 - 0.40 x (R2 = 0.99). The inhibition concentration of 50% against ZEN was 16.3 ng/ml. The average recovery rate of spiked corn and wheat was 96.5% and 95.5%, respectively, the coefficient of variant was 13.2% and 10.9%, respectively. The kit can be stored at 4 degrees C over 6 months. The cross reaction rate with the other mycotoxins was less than 1%, and coefficient of variant within-laboratory and between-laboratory was less than 15% and less than 20%, respectively. Detecting the VICAM sample with ELISA method and HPLC method, the results were within the range of the sample, and there was no statistic difference between the two methods. CONCLUSION: This ELISA-kit was quick, sensitive, stable and specific and can be used to determine ZEN in cereals.
Edible Grain↗
[Analysis of paralytic shellfish poisoning and diarrhetic shellfish poisoning of bivalves in seafood market of Guangzhou].
OBJECTIVE: Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) and diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) in 7 species of economical shellfishes were analyzed for 1 year, which collected from Huangsha seafood market of Guangzhou from Apr, 2004 to Mar, 2005. METHODS: The levels of PSP and DSP in bivalves were determined with mouse bioassay of AOAC. The risk assessment of PSP and DSP in bivalves was conducted according to FAO and Chinese Administration Organization of Fish Culture and Seaport. RESULTS: PSP was detected in 2 species of the shellfishes assayed and DSP was found out in 6 species. The content of PSP was lower than 4MU/g tissue, whereas the level of PSP in glands was higher than in muscles. DSP toxin was detected in 36 samples of 6 species, what is more, DSP level in 10 samples exceeded the safety threshold. The levels in PSP and DSP of bivalves were all higher in spring and winter with some characteristic of season. CONCLUSION: The results suggested that PSP in economical shellfish in Guangzhou market was lower, and shellfish was safe to eat in term of the PSP level if glands were discarded, but DSP contamination in bivalves was severe. It is essential to detect and assess the risk of DSP and PSP in bivalves from seafood market in the future.
Animals↗
[Production and characterization of gold labeled monoclonal antibody against MC-LR].
OBJECTIVE: Production of the gold labeled monoclonal antibody against MC-LR. Study the simple mechanism of the conjugation by the spectral analysis. METHODS: Production and purification monoclonal antibodies against MC-LR by hybridoma technology. Production the 20nm colloidal gold and label the monoclonal antibody. Study the gold--McAb conjugate by the spectroanalysis. RESULTS: Monoclonal antibody produced by the hybridoma cells were tested for subtypes and designated as IgG2a for 8C11. The titers of antibody in ascites was 108.The IC50 for MC-LR was around 3ng/ml. The IgG molecule weight was 1.5 x 10(5). The structure of the antibody was altered to more tighter and stabler. CONCLUSION: Product the gold labeled monoclonalantibody against MC-LR conjugate successfully and keep the antige-binding determinant.
Animals↗
[Effects of three different etching methods on surface morphology and element of pure titanium].
The pure titanium disks were divided into three groups and etched for 30 minutes with HNO3, hot H2SO4/H2O2 or hot H2SO4/HCl respectively. The treated disks were studied and analyzed with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The disks etched with HNO3 had a smooth surface, while those etched with hot H2SO4/H2O2 or hot H2SO4/HCl had rough surfaces, and the surface etched with hot H2SO4/HCl had larger micropores. The XPS analysis demonstrated that the main elements of the surface in three groups were titanium, oxygen and carbon. The carbon concentration was the lowest on the surface etched with hot H2SO4/H2O2 and the highest on that etched with hot H2SO4/HCl. The substances were TiO2, Ti2O3, TiO and metal Ti on the surface etched with HNO3 or hot H2SO4/H2O2. Only TiO2 was detected on the surface etched with hot H2SO4/HCl.
Hydrochloric Acid↗
[Protective effect of tanshinones against liver injury in mice loaded with restraint stress].
AIM: To observe the protective effects of tanshinones (tanshinone IIA, tanshinone I, cryptotanshinone and dihydrotanshinone) against liver injury in mice loaded with restraint stress. METHODS: The liver injury model was established under 12 h restraint stress in mice 5 days after tanshinones treatment. The hepatoprotective effects were evaluated by assessing alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in plasma. The contents of vitamin C, GSH and malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver were performed by HPLC and TBARS methods, respectively. Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay was used to measure the antioxidant capacity. RESULTS: Tanshinones decreased ALT and MDA levels, and increased ORAC, vitamin C and GSH levels in liver tissues as compared with restraint stress control. Tanshinones also significantly inhibited oxidation in vitro. Among four tanshinones, dihydrotanshinone was more effective than others both in vivo and in vitro test. CONCLUSION: Tanshinones possesses potent antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo, and protected against liver injury induced by restraint stress. The active mechanisms may be related to their antioxidant capability.
Abietanes↗
103Pd radioactive stent inhibits biliary duct restenosis and reduces smooth muscle actin expression during duct healing in dogs.
BACKGROUND: This study was designed to assess the expression of smooth muscle actin (SMA) in the healing process after implanting a (103)Pd radioactive stent in the biliary duct, and to discuss the function and significance of this stent in preventing biliary stricture formation. METHODS: A model of biliary injury in dogs was made and then a (103)Pd radioactive stent was positioned in the biliary duct. The expression and distribution of SMA were assessed in the anastomotic tissue 30 days after implantation of the stent. RESULTS: SMA expression was less in the (103)Pd stent group than in the ordinary stent group. The (103)Pd stent inhibited scar contracture and anastomotic stenosis. CONCLUSION: The (103)Pd stent can reduce the expression of SMA in the healing process and inhibit scar contracture and anastomotic stenosis in the dog biliary duct.
Actins↗
Molecular cloning and preliminary analysis of a fragile site associated gene.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the molecular coining of a fragile site-associated gene. METHODS: Genomic Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) DNA library was constructed using high molecular weight CHO DNA partially digested with MboI restriction enzyme from cultured CHO cells. Screening of genomic DNA library followed the established procedures. Genomic CHO in the positive clones was sequenced. Appropriate primers were designed for the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR). The RT-PCR products were cloned into a pCRII TOPO vector and confirmed by DNA sequencing. Antibodies were prepared using synthetic peptides as antigens by immunizing the rabbits. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed to evaluate the expression of the novel gene in different tissues. RESULTS: To investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the initial events of mdr1a amplification, we cloned 1q31 fragile site DNA. Strikingly, we found that this fragile site contained a novel gene which was designated as a fragile site-associated (FSA) gene. FSA encoded an unusually large mRNA of approximately16 kb. Full-length human FSA cDNA was cloned. FSA mRNA was expressed in many cultured cells and tissue types. Immunohistochemical analyses also revealed an expression pattern of the encoded proteins in postmitotic, well-differentiated epithelial compartments of many organs, including colon, mammary glands, ovary, prostate, and bladder. CONCLUSION: FSA plays an important role in regulating mammalian epithelial cell growth and differentiation.
Animals↗
Modeling the performance of a membrane bioreactor controlled by air sparging.
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Air↗
Ru nanoparticles immobilized on montmorillonite by ionic liquids: a highly efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the hydrogenation of benzene.
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Journal Article↗
Enhancing the rate of the Diels-Alder reaction using CO2 + ethanol and CO2 + n-hexane mixed solvents of different phase regions.
The reaction rate of the Diels-Alder reaction between N-ethylmaleimide and 9-hydroxymethylanthrance in CO2 + ethanol and CO2 + hexane mixed solvents of different compositions were determined by in situ UV/vis spectroscopy at 318.15 K and different pressures. The density of the mixed solvents at different pressures was also determined and the isothermal compressibility was calculated using the density data. The activation volume of the reaction was calculated based on the dependence of rate constant (kc) on pressure. It was demonstrated that the kc was very sensitive to the pressure in the mixed solvents near the critical region and the kc increased dramatically as pressure approached dew points, critical point, and bubble points of the mixed solvents. However, the kc in the mixed solvents outside the critical region or in pure CO2 was not sensitive to pressure. At suitable conditions, kc could be 40 times larger than that in acetonitrile. The activation volume of the reaction was nearly independent of pressure as the pressure was much higher than the phase separation pressure of the mixed solvents, while it increased considerably as pressure approached the bubble points, critical point, and dew points from high pressure. The clustering of the solvent molecules with the reactants and the activated complex in the reaction systems near the phase boundary in the critical region may be the main reason for the interesting phenomena observed. This work also shows that, using pure CO2 as the solvent, the reaction cannot be carried out in the critical region of the solvent due to the limitations of the reactants, while it can be conducted in the critical region of mixed solvents of suitable compositions, where the solvents are highly compressible and the reaction rate can be tuned effectively by pressure.
Anthracenes↗
Genomic instability in radiation-induced mouse lymphoma from p53 heterozygous mice.
Although radiation can directly induce DNA damage and is a known human and animal carcinogen, the number of genetic changes in radiation-induced tumors, and the pathways responsible for generating them, are unknown. We have used high-density BAC arrays covering >95% of the mouse genome for analysis of genomic patterns of aberrations in spontaneous and radiation-induced mouse lymphomas. The majority of radiation-induced tumors exhibit one of three 'signatures' based on gene copy number changes. Some exhibit extensive scrambling of the genome, with very high numbers of recurrent gains and losses. Two other signatures are characterized by excess gains but relatively few losses, or vice versa. Changes in spontaneous tumors often involve whole chromosomes, whereas radiation-induced tumors exhibit a high frequency of localized deletion/amplification events. The number of copy number abnormalities does not correlate with the latency or pathology of the tumors. We propose that specific early events following radiation exposure induce changes in 'caretaker' genes that control specific downstream pathways involved in DNA damage repair. The nature of these early events may determine the overall genomic signature observed in the resulting tumor.
Animals↗
Effect of the combination of fibrin glue and growth hormone on incomplete intestinal anastomoses in a rat model of intra-abdominal sepsis.
BACKGROUND: The presence of established intra-abdominal sepsis has been considered a contraindication to primary anastomoses. Our hypothesis was that fibrin glue (FG), growth hormone (rhGH), and combination of them synergistically improve intestinal primary anastomotic healing in a rat model of intestinal fistulae with peritonitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male Wistar rats, induced intestinal fistulae with peritonitis after 24 h, were performed an enterectomy and intestinal anastomoses. Group A, rats (n = 60) had a complete anastomoses (end-to-end single layer anastomoses using 12 inverted interrupted 6-0 sutures) without peritonitis, group B, rats (n = 60) had a complete anastomoses after 24 h of peritonitis, group C rats had an incomplete anastomoses (four inverted interrupted sutures), groups D, E, F rats (n = 60) received FG, rhGH, or both of them, respectively. rhGH was given daily for 5 days. Anastomoses indicated the anastomotic bursting pressure (ABP), tensile strength, and hydroxyproline content, were determined. RESULTS: On POD 1, ABP of group C and group D was significantly lower than that of other groups (P < 0.01); On POD 3, ABP could not be determined because of intestinal dehiscence in groups C and E, ABP was significantly higher in groups D and F than that of groups A and B (P < 0.01); the ABP increased after 5 days of operation in groups A, B, and F. At the same time, that of group D decreased (P < 0.01). On POD 5, the tensile strength was significantly higher in groups A, D, and F than that in groups C, and E. On POD 5, hydroxyproline content was higher in groups D and F compared to that in group C (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggested that FG improve intestinal primary anastomotic healing within post-operative 5 days in a rat model of intestinal fistulae with peritonitis. RhGH alone fails to improve intestinal anastomotic healing, and the combination of FG and rhGH have no synergistic effect to improves intestinal anastomotic healing.
Anastomosis, Surgical↗
[Expression of RASSF1A mRNA and its relationship with HPV-16 in cervical cancer].
OBJECTIVES: To study the expression of RASSF1A mRNA and its relationship with HPV-16 in cervical cancer. METHODS: Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of RASSF1A mRNA in 56 patients with cervical cancer, 36 patients with CIN and 20 patients with normal cervix. HPV-16 DNA was also examined by PCR in 56 patients with cervical cancer. RESULTS: The rates of loss of RASSF1A mRNA expression were 0% (0/20), 22.2% (8/36) and 50.0% (28/56) in patients with normal cervix, CIN and cervical cancer respectively. The loss rate of RASSF1A mRNA in the cervical tissues at the advanced stages (stages III-IV, 82.4%) was higher than that at the early stages (stages I-II, 35.9%, P < 0.05). RASSF1A mRNA deletion occurred more often in the tissues of squamous cervical cancers (63.3%) than in those of adenocarcinoma (34.6%) (P < 0.05). The loss rate of the poor differentiation group was 70.8%, significantly higher than that of the middle and high differentiation group (37.5%, P < 0.05). The loss of RASSF1A was negatively related with HPV-16 infection in cervical cancers, especially in adenocarcinoma (P < 0.905). CONCLUSION: Loss of RASSF1A may play an important role in tumorgenesis and development of cervical cancer.
Adenocarcinoma↗