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PubMed2006

Salivary duct carcinoma metastatic to inguinal lymph node: a case report of salivary duct carcinoma with distant metastasis diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration.

Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a high-grade malignant tumor exhibiting aggressive growth with early regional and distant metastasis. We report a case of SDC in a 53-yr-old male with distant metastasis to an inguinal lymph node. The diagnosis of the primary tumor as well as the metastatic lesion was accomplished by fine-needle aspiration (FNA). Aggressive clinical management appears to be the main therapeutic option for long-term survival. Therefore, establishing an accurate preoperative diagnosis by FNA can have both clinical and prognostic relevance.

Biopsy, Fine-Needle↗

PubMed2004

Correlation and expression of p53, HER-2, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and e-cadherin in a high-risk breast-cancer population.

BACKGROUND: Many genetic traits common to aggressive breast carcinoma have been identified; yet little is known about the interrelationships of such traits during tumor development, especially in women prone to aggressive cancer. This study examined the expression of four biological markers associated with poor prognosis at each stage of breast cancer progression in primary tumors from women of lower economic status and assessed the relationship between these markers. METHODS: Archived primary breast tumors from 77 patients were assessed by immunohistochemical analysis for expression of human epidermal growth receptor 2 (HER-2), p53, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and e-cadherin, and the relationships between the expressions of these molecules were studied. RESULTS: Twenty-two (29%) patients had advanced (stage III or IV) disease. HER-2, VEGF, e-cadherin, and p53 signal were positive for 31 (40%), 58 (75%), 63 (82%), and 37 (48%) of patients, respectively. Among the markers tested, only p53 exhibited a significant association between expression and stage of the disease ( P = 0.012). Expression of e-cadherin was positively associated with HER-2 overexpression ( P = 0.004), and high levels of HER-2 occurred with strongly positive e-cadherin tumors. Marginally significant positive associations were observed between HER-2 and p53 signal ( P = 0.06), and between disease stage and e-cadherin expression ( P = 0.08). CONCLUSION: The significant tendency toward expression of e-cadherin in conjunction with HER-2 overexpression in breast cancer is a novel finding. The association of p53 with more advanced stages of cancer emphasizes it as a key participant in metastatic processes in breast cancer. Many genetic traits common to aggressive breast carcinoma have been identified; yet little is known about the interrelationships of such traits during tumor development, especially in women prone to aggressive cancer. This study examined the expression of four biological markers associated with poor prognosis at each stage of breast cancer progression in primary tumors from women of lower economic status and assessed the relationship between these markers.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Winter 2003.

OBJECTIVE: The Home Study Course is intended for the practicing colposcopist or practitioner who is seeking to develop or enhance his or her colposcopic skills. The goal of the course is to present colposcopic cases that are unusual or instructive in terms of appearance, presentation, or management or that demonstrate new and important knowledge in the area of colposcopy or pathology. Participants may benefit from reading and studying the material or from testing their knowledge by answering the questions. ACCME ACCREDITATION: The American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology (ASCCP) is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) to sponsor continuing medical education for physicians. The ASCCP designates this continuing medical education activity for 1 credit hour in Category I of the Physician's Recognition Award of the American Medical Association. Credit is available for those who choose to apply. The Home Study Course is planned and produced in accordance with the ACCME's Essential Areas and Elements.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2003

Galanin immunoreactivity in paragangliomas but not in carcinoid tumors.

Galanin is a 29 to 30-amino acid neuropeptide involved in diverse regulatory effects in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Although galanin has been found in paragangliomas and other tumors, its expression has not been studied in carcinoid tumors arising in various locations. Galanin was detected in 62% (15/24) of adrenal pheochromocytomas, 40% (2/5) of jugulotympanic paragangliomas, and 18% (2/11) of carotid body paragangliomas, but was absent in 4 extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas and 3 metastatic or recurrent paragangliomas. All 26 carcinoid tumors were negative. Galanin may have limited utility as a diagnostic marker alone but would be most useful in conjunction with other immunohistochemical markers for the differential diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors.

Carcinoid Tumor↗

PubMed2002

Fall 2002.

OBJECTIVE: The Home Study Course is intended for the practicing colposcopist or practitioner who is seeking to develop or enhance his or her colposcopic skills. The goal of the course is to present colposcopic cases that are unusual or instructive in terms of appearance, presentation, or management or that demonstrate new and important knowledge in the area of colposcopy or pathology. Participants may benefit from reading and studying the material or from testing their knowledge by answering the questions. ACCME ACCREDITATION: The American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology (ASCCP) is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) to sponsor continuing medical education for physicians. The ASCCP designates this continuing medical education activity for 1 credit hour in Category I of the Physician's Recognition Award of the American Medical Association. Credit is available for those who choose to apply. The Home Study Course is planned and produced in accordance with the ACCME's Essential Areas and Elements.

Journal Article↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Anal cytology in an HIV-positive population: a retrospective analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively evaluate cellularity and correlate the presence of columnar cells with specimen interpretation in conventionally prepared anal cytologic smears from an HIV-positive population. STUDY DESIGN: Two cytopathologists and 1 senior cytotechnologist, blinded to the original diagnosis, screened 114 samples from 110 patients collected between 1997 and 2002. One hundred nine males and 1 female were included, age ranging from 23 to 52 years. Discrepancies were reviewed for consensus. The interpretations, cellularity, and presence or absence of columnar cells were noted. The relationships between diagnosis and presence of columnar cells, visible anal lesions, concurrent HIV viral load and CD4+ T-cell counts were assessed. RESULTS: The cytologic findings were as follows: 7, unsatisfactory (6%); 29, negative (25%); 25, atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (22%); and 53, dysplasia (47%) (42 anal intraepithelial lesion 1 [37%] and 11 anal intraepithelial lesion 2/3 [10%]). Nearly 50% of the smears, 51, showed the presence of columnar cells (45%); 37 of those specimens had some degree of dysplasia (74%). Of the 63 specimens with no columnar cells, 16 (25%) showed dysplasia. Columnar cells were absent from all unsatisfactory specimens. CONCLUSION: A highly significant association between the presence of columnar cells and anal intraepithelial lesion (p<0.001) and a significant association between the presence of columnar cells and atypical cytology when a visible lesion was absent (p=0.0019) were found. No significant relationship was found between the presence/degree of dysplasia and CD4+ T-cell counts or HIV viral load. Lack of clinical follow-up precluded evaluation of the false negative rates in this data set.

Adult↗