Biomedical subjects

Takuya Moriya

Publications and source records attributed to Takuya Moriya.

102 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMed2002

Protruding tumorous angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) of the scalp accompanied by arterial occlusion.

We report a case of an extraordinarily large tumorous form of ALHE developing on the occiput of a 57-year-old Japanese male. Histologically, it was characterized by increased numbers of small blood vessels, fibrosis, and lymph follicle formations with massive eosinopilia in the dermis in addition to an occluded artery in the deep dermis.

Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia↗

PubMed2002

Differential expression of progesterone receptor isoforms A and B in the normal ovary, and in benign, borderline, and malignant ovarian tumors.

Human epithelial ovarian neoplasm is well-known to be sex steroid-related, but the possible biological significance of progesterone actions in these tumors remains controversial. In this study, we examined the differential expression patterns of the two progesterone receptor (PR) isoforms, PRA and PRB, using immunohistochemistry and real-time quantitative RT-PCR in normal and neoplastic ovarian tissues, and in cell lines derived from a normal ovarian surface epithelium and an ovarian epithelial carcinoma in order to further elucidate the possible involvement of progesterone in the development of ovarian neoplasms. The median H scores for PR isoforms in normal (n = 8), benign (n = 10), borderline (n = 8) and malignant (n = 24) ovarian tissues were as follows; PRA: 194.0, 171.0, 49.5, 0 (P < 0.05), and PRB: 175.0, 180.5, 251.5, 168.5, respectively. In ovarian cancer cell lines (OVCAR-3 and Caov-3), the PRB / PRAB mRNA ratio was increased by 17beta-estradiol, both time- and dose-dependently. However, this ratio was unaltered following the addition of 17beta-estradiol in a normal ovarian epithelial cell line (NOV-31). Immunoblotting analysis demonstrated that PRB protein expression was markedly up-regulated in OVCAR-3, whereas the PRA and PRB isoforms both appeared to be increased in NOV-31. These results suggest that down-regulation of PRA is associated with the development of ovarian epithelial carcinoma.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗

PubMed2002

Three-dimensional reconstruction and fractal geometric analysis of serrated adenoma.

Serrated adenoma (SA) is a relatively newly defined entity of colorectal neoplasm first characterized by Longacre and Fenoglio-Preiser in 1990. This lesion is characterized by a complicated serrated edge of crypts. In this study, we performed three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction, including 3-D distribution patterns of Ki-67-positive cells and fractal dimension of SA, in order to evaluate the nature of the complicated architecture, including its possible morphogenesis. We studied nine colonoscopic polypectomy specimens including three SAs, three tubular adenomas (TAs), and three hyperplastic polyps (HPs). Sixty serial tissue sections per case were stained alternately with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Ki-67 immunostain. Each serial image was then digitized for 3-D computer analysis and the distribution pattern of Ki-67-positive cells was evaluated. Ki-67-immunostained sections were also subjected to 2-D quantitative morphometric study. In addition, the fractal dimensions of images from H&E-stained sections were examined using a box-counting method. Results of the 3-D reconstruction study demonstrated that glandular budding and branching were more frequent in SA than in TA or HP. These findings were confirmed quantitatively by the results of fractal geometric analysis of these polyps (fractal dimension:1.34 +/- 0.08 for SA, 1.23 +/- 0.07 for TA, and 1.28 +/- 0.12 for HP). Ki-67-positive cells in HP were localized mainly in the bottom of crypts and those in TA were diffusely distributed, while Ki-67-positive cells in SA were mainly aggregated in the depressed sites of serrated epithelia. These findings were also confirmed quantitatively using 2-D morphometry. These distribution patterns of the proliferative zone of SA are considered to contribute to the formation of the characteristic serrated epithelia and the complicated morphological appearance of SA.

Adenoma↗

PubMed2002

Systemic distribution of steroid sulfatase and estrogen sulfotransferase in human adult and fetal tissues.

Estrogens play a key role in various target tissues. Enzymes involved in the biosynthesis and metabolism of these sex steroids also regulate estrogenic actions in these tissues. Estrone sulfate (E1S) is a major circulating plasma estrogen that is converted into the biologically active estrogen, estrone (E1), by steroid sulfatase (STS). E1 is also sulfated and reverted into E1S by estrogen sulfotransferase (EST). These two enzymes have recently been shown to play important roles in the in situ estrogen actions of various sex steroid-dependent human tumors. However, the distribution of STS and EST in normal adult and fetal human tissues remains largely unknown. Therefore, in this study, in addition to examining the tissue distribution of both STS and EST mRNA in human adult and fetal tissues using RT followed by quantitative PCR, we studied the activity of these enzymes using (3)H-labeled E1/E1S as substrates in the homogenates of various human adult tissues. We also examined the localization of STS and EST protein in human adult and fetal tissues using immunohistochemistry, and that of EST mRNA in the adult kidney using laser dissection microscopy and PCR. STS mRNA, enzyme activity, and immunoreactivity were either absent or detected at very low levels in all adult and fetal tissues examined in this study. EST mRNA expression, however, was detected in all of the tissues examined, except for adult spleen and pancreas. EST enzyme activities were consistent with those of mRNA expression in the great majority of the tissues examined. Marked EST immunoreactivity was detected in hepatocytes, adrenal gland (adult, zona fasciculate to the reticularis; fetus, fetal zone), and epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract, smooth muscle cells of the tunica media in aorta, Leydig cells of the testis, and syncytiotrophoblast of the placenta. Patterns of EST immunolocalization were similar between adult and fetal human tissues, but EST immunoreactivity was detected in the urinary tubules of adult kidney, whereas in the fetal kidney, it was localized in the interstitial cells surrounding the urinary tubules. In the adult kidney, the presence of EST mRNA was also confirmed in the cells of urinary tubules using laser dissection microscopy and RT-PCR. Although the number of human tissues available for examination in this study was limited, our results suggest that between the enzymes involved in estrogen activation or inactivation, EST and not STS is the more widely expressed enzyme in various peripheral tissues in humans. We speculate that EST may play an important role in protecting peripheral tissues from possible excessive estrogenic effects.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Effect of hypoxia on human seminoma cells.

Since hypoxia has been considered to enhance metastatic potential in solid tumors via a neo-angiogenesis caused by vascular endothelial cell growth factors (VEGFs) induced by hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha), the effects of hypoxia on human seminoma cell lines were examined in terms of growth, morphology, gene expression, protein expression and cell cycle perturbation. Growth was inhibited in long-term cultures with morphological changes to the spindle form. The gene expression of VEGF-C was markedly enhanced and the production of VEGF-A increased during hypoxia, although HIF-1alpha was not upregulated at the protein or message level. Hypoxic culture caused G1 cell cycle arrest with upregulation of the p15/ink4b and p27/Kip1 genes, whereas no increase of apoptotic cells was observed on up-regulation of the heat shock protein (HSP) 70 gene. The adhesion molecules were only slightly altered.

Apoptosis↗

PubMed2000

Nuclear Accumulation of B-Catenin in Human Endocrine Tumors: Association with Ki-67 (MIB-1) Proliferative Activity.

B -Catenin is closely associated with carcinoma invasion/metastasis and poor survival. Recent studies have demonstrated that abnormal expression of B -catenin, especially its nuclear accumulation, also plays an important role in wingless/Wnt signaling pathway. In this study, we evaluated immunohistochemically the nuclear localization of B -catenin in a total of 93 human-endocrine-related tumors including 1 medullary carcinoma (thyroid gland), 12 parathyroid tumors, 22 carcinoid tumors (digestive tract and liver), 7 islet cell tumors, 26 adrenocortical tumors, 13 neuroblastoma (adrenal gland), and 12 pheochromocytoma (adrenal gland), and also studied genetic alterations of the B -catenin gene. Nuclear accumulation of B -catenin was frequently detected in 8 of 22 (36%) carcinoid tumors and 2 of 7 (29%) islet cell tumors. No genetic alteration in exon 3 of the B -catenin gene encoding serine/threonine rich domain, which was phosphorylated by GSK-3 B, was detected in any groups of the endocrine tumors. However, nuclear accumulation of B -catenin in carcinoid tumors was significantly correlated with the proliferative marker Ki-67 (MIB-1) labeling index (p <0.001). Our findings suggest that nuclear transfer and accumulation of the B -catenin may contribute in the tumorigenesis of carcinoid tumor as an oncoprotein.

Journal Article↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Case report: chronic expanding hematoma in the adrenal gland with pathologic correlations.

We report a case of chronic expanding hematoma in the adrenal gland. Mixed signal intensity in a mosaic pattern was seen on T2-weighted images. A focal area suggesting a subacute hematoma was also noted. The dynamic CT scan showed heterogeneous contrast enhancement in the arterial phase and heterogeneous spread of the enhanced area within the tumor. Awareness of this finding may prevent the misdiagnosis of a tumor as a neoplastic intratumoral hemorrhage.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Adrenal carcinoma with a signal loss on chemical shift magnetic resonance imaging.

A case of primary adrenal carcinoma that showed a decreased signal in part of the tumor on chemical shift magnetic resonance imaging (CSI) is reported. The patient had clinical symptoms of Cushing syndrome. The tumor was a discrete right adrenal mass about 3.4 cm in largest diameter. It was surgically removed and diagnosed as adrenal carcinoma histopathologically. Two portions where clear cells were prominent were recognized. These areas probably contributed to the signal loss on CSI.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Osteosarcoma arising in the breast.

We report on a 49-year-old woman with osteosarcoma arising in the breast. She had undergone two consecutive excision biopsies for right breast tumors at ages 40 and 42 years. The tumors were diagnosed as a fibroadenoma and a benign phyllodes tumor, respectively. At age 46 years, she noticed a gradually enlarging mass in the same breast. After 3 years, at age 49 years, total mastectomy was performed. The tumor occupied the entire breast and measured 12x9x8.5 cm. The tumor cells were spindle-shaped and pleomorphic, with large, irregular nuclei and distinct nucleoli. Many tumor cells had characteristics of osteoblastic and chondroblastic elements producing osteoid, osseous, and cartilaginous intracellular substances. Pathologic mitoses and apoptotic cells were frequent. Neoplastic cells had infiltrated the skin. Blood and lymph vessel invasion was present. Tumor cells expressed vimentin, osteopontin, vascular endothelial growth factor, CD10, and alkaline phosphatase, but did not express keratin. Chemotherapy was not effective. The patient died of multiple pulmonary metastases 9 months after mastectomy.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Two cases of adrenal hemangioma: CT and MRI findings with pathological correlations.

We present two cases of adrenal hemangioma, a rare non-functioning adrenal tumor, and correlate the CT and MR imaging findings with the pathological findings. Peripheral spotty contrast enhancement with centripetal enhancement was noted in one case. This pattern of enhancement is crucial for diagnosing adrenal hemangioma. The other case showed only thin rim enhancement without centripetal enhancement. This finding can be seen in other adrenal tumors, making diagnosis difficult. Marked hyperintensity on T2-weighted images and focal hyperintensity on T1-weighted images that showed focal hemorrhage and calcification were noted. These findings can also be seen in other adrenal tumors and are not pathognomonic of adrenal hemangioma. However, observing the combination of these findings can lead to the correct diagnosis.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Cholangiocarcinoma arising from preexisting biliary hamartoma of liver--report of a case.

We describe the case of a 72-year-old asymptomatic man with a cholangiocarcinoma arising from a biliary hamartoma, also referred to as "von Meyenburg's complex". The patient was clinically diagnosed as having a cystadenocarcinoma, but the tumor had already been present as a uniformly low-density area on computed tomography taken four years previously, as revealed by retrospective examination of the computed tomography films that had been taken annually after surgery for pulmonary emphysema. The low-density area had continued to enlarge year after year, and a high-density area was observed to have emerged inside the low-density area on computed tomography. Histopathological examination demonstrated that the high-density area corresponded to the cholangiocarcinoma and the low-density area to a biliary hamartoma. This is the first case in which it was possible to confirm the presence of cholangiocarcinoma inside a biliary hamartoma that had continued to increase in size.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory cell infiltration around the sites of carcinoma invasion is believed to play important roles in carcinoma biological behavior. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The status of inflammatory cell infiltration at the sites of frank invasion in 97 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) were examined, with special emphasis on the status of tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia (TATE). Infiltration of the CD4+T-cells, CD8+T-cells, CD68+macrophages, L26+B-cells, mast cells and eosinophils was quantitatively evaluated in histological tissue sections. The results were then statistically correlated with clinicopathological factors. RESULTS: Among tumor-associated inflammatory cells, the number of tumor-associated eosinophils was significantly correlated with the presence or absence of vascular invasion, lymph node (LN) metastasis and recurrence. The cases were tentatively classified into 2 categories, small and large groups, according to the median and/or average number of tissue eosinophils. The survival curve of the patients was evaluated according to this classification. No statistically significant differences were detected between these 2 groups in the cases without LN metastasis. However, the large group was associated with a statistically significant better prognosis in cases associated with LN metastasis, especially in those with invasion to adventitia (T3) of the esophagus. CONCLUSION: The possible function of tumor-associated eosinophils has not yet been elucidated, but these findings indicate the importance of TATE in the biological behavior of SCC of the esophagus.

Aged↗