Biomedical subjects

Taiwai Chin

Publications and source records attributed to Taiwai Chin.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Clamping the supra-celiac aorta can effectively increase the success rate of orthotopic rat liver transplantation by increasing the tolerable time of the anhepatic phase.

BACKGROUND: Although using a Kamada model with a cuff approach for vascular anastomosis shortens the anhepatic time in orthotopic rat liver transplantation (ORLT), cardiac arrest is still often encountered during the anhepatic phase. We hypothesize that low cardiac output is the reason for this. In this study, we used the supra-celiac aorta clamp (SCAC) method during the anhepatic phase in ORLT to evaluate the success rate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Spraque-Dawley rats were used in this the study. First, we tested the time between the clamping of the supra-hepatic inferior vena cava (IVC) clamped and cardiac arrest in between two groups according to whether SCAC was performed (n = 40) or not (n = 20). Clamping of the supra-hepatic IVC was performed 30 s or 1 min after SCAC (n = 20 for each) in the SCAC group. Second, we performed the Kamada method for ORLT in two groups according to whether SCAC was performed (n = 20, 1-min SCAC) or not (n = 20). Successful ORLT was defined as a recipient rat surviving more then 5 days. RESULTS: The mean time between IVC clamping and cardiac arrest was longer in the group of 1-min SCAC group than in the 30-s SCAC group or without SCAC (19.8 versus 11.45 versus 3.87 min, respectively, P < 0.001). The success rate of ORLT was higher in the SCAC group than in the group without SCAC (85% versus 15%, respectively, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: SCAC can effectively increase the success rate of ORLT by increasing the tolerable time during the anhepatic phase. The reason for this is the avoidance of hypovolumic cardiac arrest during the anhepatic phase.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Simple device for treating prolapsing loop colostomy.

Stoma prolapse is a common complication of intestinal stoma. Although various surgical methods yield satisfactory results, nonsurgical treatment may be better for a temporary stoma. We report a case of a patient with a distal limb prolapse of a right transverse colostomy who received nonsurgical treatment with satisfactory results. For the treatment of a temporary transverse loop colostomy with distal limb prolapse, we designed a simple device consisting of a pediatric plastic medicine cup, which was rolled into a towel to shape the bottom of the cup into a compressor. The towel was put on the stoma outside of the colostomy bag with the compressor above the prolapsing limb of the colostomy. An abdominal binder was applied to fix the towel.

Child, Preschool↗

PubMed2005

A novel surgical correction through a small transverse incision for pectus excavatum.

Surgical correction of pectus excavatum (PE) has been well established since Ravitch's publication in 1949. However, Ravitch's procedure, even if modified, was associated with the relatively radical nature of the operation. The aim of this study was to report our early experience and results in treatment of PE by a novel less invasive surgical technique through a small skin incision. From 1998 to 2003, a novel surgical correction through a small transverse incision was performed for 11 patients with PE, including 9 males and 2 females. The mean age was 9.2 years (range, 3 to 17 years). The less invasive surgical technique consisted of a small transverse skin incision over the deepest part of the PE deformity, subcutaneous dissection to the margin of the depressed deformity, elevation of pectoralis musculature from the midline toward the lateral border of the operative field, subperichondrial resection of the short segment (1 to 2 cm) of the involved costal cartilages, detachment of the xiphoid process and elevation of the sternum with sharp or blunt dissection, retrosternal titanium miniplate strutting, placement of drainage tubes in the mediastinum or pleural spaces, and closure of the operative wound. No sternal osteotomy was performed in this series. The average length of the skin incision was 3.2 cm. The number of the resected cartilages varied from 3 to 6 ribs on each side. The average blood loss was 41 mL (range, 10 to 80 mL), and the operation time was 3.1 hours. The duration of hospitalization was 4.4 days on average. There was no surgical complication or mortality. All patients were satisfied with their cosmesis, and no migration of the retrosternal strut was found in chest radiographs until the date of analysis. This less invasive surgical technique, which did not require osteotomy, could be effectively performed through a small skin incision and was associated with steady recovery of chest wall deformity, as well as excellent cosmetic results.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Obstruction of the proximal jejunum by an anomalous congenital band--a case report.

A case of proximal jejunal obstruction by a congenital band is reported. The band ran from the antimesenteric wall of the proximal jejunum just distal of the Treitz's ligament to the root of the mesentery. Lysis of the band and enterotomy were performed to make sure no intrinsic obstruction cured the patient. No recurrence was found after 3 months of follow-up. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the second case with an anomalous congenital band causing proximal jejunal obstruction reported in the English-language literature.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗

PubMed2004

Experience with removing Palmaz stents with a rigid bronchoscope.

BACKGROUND: The Palmaz stent can relieve congenital malacia or stenosis of airway, but reports on the indications and results of stent removal are rare. The authors report their experience in removing Palmaz stents and discuss the indications for removal. METHODS: Thirteen stents in 12 patients were removed by a rigid bronchoscope for various reasons. The indications were expected recovery (n = 5), severe granulations and expected recovery (n = 2), stent collapse (n = 2), and stent migration and/or fracture (n = 4). RESULTS: The course after removal was smooth in 9 patients and complicated in 3. The indications for stent removal in these 3 complicated cases were all expected recovery. One of the 3 complicated cases needed emergent cardiopulmonary bypass and tracheostomy for a collapsed stent that occluded airway, 1 failed for intractable bleeding, and 1 failed for intense vagal reflex causing cardiac arrest. At 6 months of follow-up, satisfactory results were seen in all but one case that needed further procedures for an iatrogenic tracheoesophageal fistula. CONCLUSIONS: Most Palmaz stents can be removed smoothly with a rigid bronchoscope; however, lethal complications can happen. The authors suggest that indications for stent removal should be intractable airway symptoms caused by the stent rather than expected recovery. Muscle relaxants should be avoided during anesthesia to maintain spontaneous breathing, and cardiopulmonary bypass should be on standby.

Bronchoscopes↗

PubMed2002

A simple modified method to correct buried penis in boys.

BACKGROUND: Buried penis is a result of penile skin deficiency and inadequate attachment of the skin to the Buck's fascia. A modified prepuce unfurling technique and the results are reported. METHODS: Thirty-two boys with buried penis, aged 14 months to 12 years, underwent the surgical procedure. A circumferential incision is made at the junction of the outer and inner prepuce. The subcutaneous tissue is dissected from the inner prepuce and degloved from the Buck's fascia, so that a thin inner prepuce can be sutured directly to Buck's fascia. Reapproximation of the outer and the inner prepuce completes the procedure. RESULTS: Prolonged preputial edema was seen in two patients. No patient had skin necrosis. Most patients achieved satisfactory results. CONCLUSIONS: This procedure unfurls the inner prepuce to cover the penile shaft. Ideal cosmetic results could be achieved in selected patients if some details of the procedure are emphasized.

Child↗