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Biomedical subjects

T Yoshimatsu

Publications and source records attributed to T Yoshimatsu.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Prediction of pulmonary complications after a lobectomy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: Although the preoperative prediction of pulmonary complications after lung major surgery has been reported in various papers, it still remains unclear. METHODS: Eighty nine patients with stage I-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent a complete resection at our institute from 1994-8 were evaluated for the feasibility of making a preoperative prediction of pulmonary complications. All had either a predicted postoperative forced vital capacity (FVC) of >800 ml/m(2) or forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV(1)) of >600 ml/m(2). RESULTS: Postoperative complications occurred in 37 patients (41.2%) but no patients died during the 30 day period after the operation. Pulmonary complications occurred in 20 patients (22.5%). Univariate analysis indicated that the factors significantly related to pulmonary complications were FVC <80%, serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level > or =230 U/l, and arterial oxygen tension (PaO(2)) <10.6 kPa (80 mm Hg). In a multivariate analysis the three independent predictors of pulmonary complications were serum LDH > or =230 U/l (odds ratio (OR) 10.5, 95% CI 1.4 to 77.3), residual volume (RV)/total lung capacity (TLC) > or =30% (OR 6.0, 95% CI 1.1 to 33.7), and PaO(2) <10.6 kPa (OR 5.6, 95% CI 1.4 to 22.2). CONCLUSIONS: The above findings indicate that three factors (serum LDH levels of > or =230 U/l, RV/TLC > or =30%, and PaO(2) <10.6 kPa) may be associated with pulmonary complications in patients undergoing a lobectomy for NSCLC, even though the patient group was relatively small for statistical analysis of such a diverse subject as pulmonary complications.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Characterization of immortalized human chondrocytes originated from osteoarthritis cartilage.

Immortalized cloned human chondrocytes isolated from a normal (Ch-4, 8, N) and an osteoarthritis patient (Ch-8-OA) were established by introduction of recombinant SV40-adenovirus vector containing SV40 early gene. These cells exhibited continuous proliferative capacity in monolayer culture and showed chondrocytic characteristics in that they were positive for alkaline phosphatase and collagen type II. When cells were treated with IL-1alpha, the growth was inhibited. IL-1alpha induced the production of IL-6, GM-CSF and TNFalpha from immortalized chondrocytes. Significantly high amounts of cytokines including IL-6, GM-CSF and TNFalpha were produced from Ch-8-OA cells, even in the absence of IL-1alpha stimulation. Interestingly, TNFalpha, exogenously added into the culture, inhibited the growth of Ch-8-OA cells. Further studies are required to clarify the different mechanisms on chondrocytes originating from osteoarthritis cartilage underlying the biological reaction to various cytokines and the production of these cytokines as compared with chondrocytes from normal cartilages. However, the novel chondrocyte cell lines established in the present study may provide researchers with a useful model for studying the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed2001

[The significance of early detection for prostate cancer in mass screening].

PURPOSE: In Mitaka city, mass screening for prostate cancer was conducted for 3 years from 1995 to 1997. Clinical stages were compared between patients found by screening and those diagnosed at our clinic during the same time. The significance of serum-free prostate specific antigen (PSA) in mass screening for prostate cancer was examined. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective clinical trial was conducted on men aged 50 years or older. The primary examination consisted of taking the international prostate symptom score, quality of life score, PSA (Tandem-R) and digital rectal examination (DRE). If PSA was greater than 4.0 ng./ml and/or if DRE suggested cancer, transrectal ultrasound-guided sextant prostate biopsies were indicated. RESULTS: Of the men screened, 23.2% (320/1375) had serum PSA greater than 4.0 ng./ml. and/or suspicious findings on DRE. Biopsy was performed in 199 of 320 (62.1%). Cancer was detected in 21 (1.5%, 21/1375). Prostate cancer was found in one case among 154 males (0.65%, 1/154) who were screened twice or more. The cancer stage found by screening was significantly earlier than that diagnosed at the outpatient clinic (Wilcoxon's rank-sum test: p = 0.0047). Receiver operating characteristics analysis showed that the optimal free PSA-to-PSA ratio was 12%. Positive predictive value increased from 18% to 50% when free PSA-to-PSA ratio was combined with PSA. CONCLUSION: 1. Cancer detection rate was 1.5% in the mass screening in Mitaka City. 2. Cancer stage found by screening was significantly earlier than that diagnosed at the outpatient clinic. 3. Free PSA determination might eliminate unnecessary biopsies in men with PSA above 4.0 ng./ml with minimal loss of cancer detection.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[Comparisons of factors affecting voiding disorders between patients with benign prostate hyperplasia and volunteers].

PURPOSE: The prostate size and motivation to visit clinics were investigated in patients with prostate hyperplasia. OBJECTS AND METHODS: One hundred ninety-five patients who had urinary symptoms and visited our outpatient clinic between September 1994 and October 1999 and 268 age-matched volunteers in Mitaka City who underwent a medical examination of the prostate in June 1997 were compared. International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Quality Of Life Score (QOL score), residual urine volume, prostate volume and urinary flow rate were measured. RESULTS: The prostate volume of the volunteers was 20-25 cm3 irrespective of the age. The prostate size of the outpatients was larger than that of the volunteers for every age group. IPSS and QOL score were significantly higher in the outpatients than in the volunteers. Diurnal urinary frequency and sense of residual urine contributed to the discrimination index of the two groups more significantly than the other scores. There was a significant correlation between prostate volume and residual urine volume. The score of weak urinary steam was inversely and significantly correlated with peak urinary flow rate. CONCLUSIONS: There was no age-related enlargement of the prostate gland. The prostate gland was significantly larger in the patients than in the volunteers even in those in their fifties. Urinary frequency and sense of residual urine are important factors for men to seek and receive medical care.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Amelioration of retrovirus-mediated gene transfer into hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Recombinant retroviruses are by far the most frequently used vehicle in clinical gene therapy. No serious side-effects have been reported so far in clinical gene therapy trials using recombinant retroviral systems. Low titers of recombinant retroviruses, however, have limited the usefulness of recombinant retroviruses. To improve the efficiency of retrovirus-mediated gene transfer, we previously introduced the polyomavirus early region into amphotropic PA317 cells and established a modified retroviral packaging cell line, PAMP51. We demonstrate here that recombinant retroviruses produced by PAMP51-derived retroviral producing cells have approximately 10-fold higher titers compared with those produced by conventional PA317-derived retroviral producing cells. Importantly, recombinant retroviruses produced by PAMP-derived retroviral producing cells could infect hepatocellular carcinoma cells much more efficiently and could induce much stronger expression of a lacZ reporter gene in HCC cells compared with those produced by PA317-derived ones. These results indicate that recombinant retroviruses prepared from PAMP51-derived retroviral producing cells are much more useful than those prepared from PA317-derived ones and that the use of PAMP51 retroviral packaging cells may open up new avenues for the treatment of various types of cancer including hepatocellular carcinoma.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Benign mesenchymoma of the mediastinum.

We report our recent experience of a rare case of a benign mesenchymoma in the mediastinum. A 24-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with an abnormal shadow on chest X-ray. A chest computerized tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging showed an anterior mediastinal mass along the right border of the pericardium. The tumor was surgically resected. It was yellow on the surface, 12.5 x 10.0 x 3.8 cm in size, and 230 g in weight. The histopathological diagnosis was a benign mesenchymoma. The postoperative course was uneventful. A search of the literature revealed that a benign mesenchymoma in the mediastinum is extremely rare. It seems to be difficult to reach a definitive diagnosis preoperatively. Surgical resection can confirm the diagnosis, and is curative.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Transmission of Helicobacter pylori from challenged to nonchallenged nude mice kept in a single cage.

To determine the transmission route of Helicobacter pylori, one nude mouse was challenged by H. pylori, and then raised with nonchallenged nude mice in a single cage in a sterilized environment with and without exposure to their feces. After coraising for two and four weeks, all mice were killed to determine H. pylori in the stomach, saliva, and feces and to assess gastritis grade. Natural transmission of H. pylori occurred in 50% (2/4) and 70% (7/10) of mice after two weeks and four weeks of coraising when they were exposed to their feces. H. pylori was detected not only in the stomach but also in saliva and feces by PCR of all challenged and transmitted mice. However, no transmission occurred in mice not exposed to feces of a challenged mouse, while sharing food and water in a single cage. These findings suggest that the fecal-oral transmission route is important, at least in the animal model. Serum levels of anti-H. pylori urease IgG of the H. pylori-transmitted mice increased after coraising, and gastritis was observed in the stomach of both challenged and transmitted mice. We conclude that H. pylori bacteria are transmitted through the fecal-oral route from challenged to nonchallenged nude mice, resulting in gastritis.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Regulation of human jaw tapping force with visual biofeedback.

The purpose of this study, which made use of visual biofeedback, was to determine whether jaw tapping force reproduction is related to the strength of tapping and to investigate how jaw tapping force affects the tapping movement curve. Nine healthy examinees were asked to reproduce jaw tapping force. We found that the ease and method of regulating jaw tapping force differed depending on the target force. We also found that jaw tapping force was regulated by alteration of the jaw opening distance, the duration of the tooth contact phase, the duration of the jaw closing phase, the maximum jaw opening velocity, and the maximum jaw closing velocity. However, the duration of the jaw opening phase and cycle time was not affected by force regulation under our experimental conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Deduced amino-acid sequence and possible catalytic residues of a novel pectate lyase from an alkaliphilic strain of Bacillus.

The nucleotide sequence of the gene for a highly alkaline, low-molecular-mass pectate lyase (Pel-15) from an alkaliphilic Bacillus isolate was determined. It harbored an open reading frame of 672 bp encoding the mature enzyme of 197 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 20 924 Da. The deduced amino-acid sequence of the mature enzyme showed very low homology (< 20.4% identity) to those of known pectinolytic enzymes in the large pectate lyase superfamily (the polysaccharide lyase family 1). In an integrally conserved region designated the BF domain, Pel-15 showed a high degree of identity (40.5% to 79.4%) with pectate lyases in the polysaccharide lyase family 3, such as PelA, PelB, PelC, and PelD from Fusarium solani f. sp. pisi, PelB from Erwinia carotovora ssp. carotovora, PelI from E. chrysanthemi, and PelA from a Bacillus strain. By site-directed mutagenesis of the Pel-15 gene, we replaced Lys20 in the N-terminal region, Glu38, Lys41, Glu47, Asp63, His66, Trp78, Asp80, Glu83, Asp84, Lys89, Asp106, Lys107, Asp126, Lys129, and Arg132 in the BF domain, and Arg152, Tyr174, Lys182, and Lys185 in the C-terminal region of the enzyme individually with Ala and/or other amino acids. Consequently, some carboxylate and basic residues selected from Glu38, Asp63, Glu83, Asp106, Lys107, Lys129, and Arg132 were suggested to be involved in catalysis and/or calcium binding. We constructed a chimeric enzyme composed of Ala1 to Tyr105 of Pel-15 in the N-terminal regions, Asp133 to Arg159 of FsPelB in the internal regions, and Gln133 to Tyr197 of Pel-15 in the C-terminal regions. The substituted PelB segment could also express beta-elimination activity in the chimeric molecule, confirming that Pel-15 and PelB share a similar active-site topology.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2000

Heterogeneous response patterns of alveolar macrophages from patients with lung cancer by stimulation with interferon-gamma.

BACKGROUND: Macrophages are considered to play an important role in the host defense against malignant tumors. In this study, cytotoxic activity of alveolar macrophages (AM) derived from 32 patients with lung cancer was investigated. METHODS: AM were aseptically obtained by lavage from resected lung and subsequently tested for cytolytic activity against QG56, a lung squamous cell line, following treatment with recombinant interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). RESULTS: In seven patients (21.9%), AM showed no cytotoxicity even though AM were incubated with IFN-gamma. In 20 (62.5%), AM showed substantial cytotoxicity in response to IFN-gamma in a dose-dependent manner. In the other five (15.6%), relatively strong cytotoxicity was observed even without preincubation with IFN-gamma. Such a heterogeneous profile of the cytotoxicity of AM might be a reflection of various activated states of AM since the potential of cytotoxicity and that of IL-1 secretion were almost parallel. Both IFN-gamma dependent and -independent cytotoxicity were partially blocked either by anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) antibody or by the inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis. However, those activities were completely abrogated by both treatments. Since the supernatant of AM culture exhibited TNF-alpha-mediated but not NO-mediated cytolysis, TNF-alpha could mediate a bystander killing whereas NO acts in close contact with tumor cells. CONCLUSION: The AM have anti-tumor cytotoxicity in lung cancer although the cytolytic potential is heterogeneous and that the tumor lysis by AM is mediated by both TNF-alpha and NO production.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2000

Deduced amino acid sequence and possible catalytic residues of a thermostable, alkaline cellulase from an Alkaliphilic bacillus strain.

Alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. strain KSM-S237 (a relative of Bacillus pseudofirmus) produces a thermostable, alkaline endo-1,4-beta-glucanase (Egl). The entire gene for the enzyme harbored a 2,472-bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 824 amino acids, including a 30-aminoacid signal peptide. The deduced amino acid sequence of the mature enzyme (794 amino acids, 88,284 Da) showed very high similarity to those of family 5 mesophilic, alkaline Egls from some alkaliphilic bacilli. The enzyme had a region similar to a novel cellulose binding domain proposed for an Egl (EngF) from Clostridium cellulovorans. Expression of the Bacillus Egl gene in Bacillus subtilis resulted in high carboxymethy cellulase activity (2.0 g/l) in the culture broth, concomitant with the appearance of a protein band on an SDS gel at 86 kDa. Site-directed mutagenesis delineated the importance of Arg111, His151, Glu190, His262, Tyr264, and Glu305 in catalysis and/or substrate binding of the enzyme.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2000

[A case report of pulmonary embolectomy for acute pulmonary thromboembolism without extra-corporeal circulation].

A 69-year-old man complaining of abrupt dyspnea was admitted by ambulance. Acute massive pulmonary thromboembolism was diagnosed by pulmonary arteriography but after PAG cardiac standstill developed. Infusing of heparin and tPA immediately, cardiopulmonary resuscitation was successful after 5 minutes. Repeated PAG showed that thrombus in the right intermediate pulmonary artery was not detected, but was still detected in the left main pulmonary artery. The emergency embolectomy of left main pulmonary artery was performed without extracorporeal circulation and massive thrombi were removed. Mechanical respiratory support was required and we suffered from the frequent bleeding of the air way for one night. The patient was discharged about one month without any complaints.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[A case of familial juvenile gouty nephropathy associated with a right renal tumor].

We present a case of familial juvenile gouty nephropathy which was associated with a right renal tumor that was found incidentally. The patient was a 27-year-old woman who initially presented with acute gouty arthritis at the age of twenty years. Her mother and her sister had been attacked with acute gouty arthritis in their early twenties. Progressive deterioration in the renal function was noted in the three family members who had experienced gouty attack. Her mother was maintained on hemodialysis. As image diagnoses could not rule out malignancy in her right renal tumor, in situ non-ischemic enucleation of the right renal tumor using a microwave tissue coagulator(Microtaze) and a renal biopsy were performed. The pathological diagnosis of the renal tumor was tubulopapillary adenoma, and the renal biopsy showed minimal change in the glomeruli and tubules. The post-operative course was uneventful. The serum creatinine and creatinine clearance before and three months after the operation were 2.4 mg/dl and 2.6 mg/dl, 36.7 ml/min and 32.5 ml/min, respectively. The renal biopsy findings that glomerular and tubular changes were minimal and there was no tissue precipitation of uric acid or sodium urate, and the fact that her renal function decreased progressively despite the treatment of hyperuricemia suggested strongly that renal function might have deteriorated due to unknown factors other than hyperuricemia.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1999

Complete cure of established murine hepatocellular carcinoma is achievable by repeated injections of retroviruses carrying the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene.

Although xenotransplantation of retrovirus-producing cells into a tumor has been shown to be effective for the treatment of cancer, injections of recombinant retroviruses are much more feasible for clinical applications. We established a clone producing retroviruses carrying the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSVtk) gene with titers of up to 4 x 10(7) colony-forming units/ml, and examined the effectiveness of in vivo gene therapy against cancer. Syngeneic mice were inoculated subcutaneously with murine hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, BNL1ME A.7R.1, and the treatment was initiated after tumors were established. When mice were given an intratumoral injection of HSVtk-carrying retroviruses or their producing cells followed by ganciclovir (GCV) treatment, significantly prolonged survival periods were observed. When mice were treated with repeated intratumoral injections of HSVtk-carrying retrovirus-producing cells, significant antitumor responses and some cures were induced by GCV treatment. Furthermore, repeated intratumoral injections of HSVtk-carrying retroviruses and GCV treatment resulted in complete regression of established HCC tumors in all animals used in the experiment. Mice that completely eradicated tumors exhibited protective immunity against wild-type HCC tumors. These results suggest that repeated injections of HSVtk-carrying retroviruses followed by GCV treatment is a potent modality for the treatment of solid tumors.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Metastatic pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma with peculiar radiographic features.

We report a case of a pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma presenting as a solitary pulmonary nodule with subsequent systemic spread, including histologically documented gingival metastasis. Chest radiography and computed tomography at initial evaluation showed a solitary 2 cm pulmonary nodule, associated with pleural indentation and vascular convergence. The tumor later spread systemically, including multiple pulmonary nodules, bilateral pleural effusions, and gingival swelling and erosion. A biopsy of the gingival lesion showed histologic features identical to that of the lung biopsy.

Fatal Outcome↗
PubMed1999

Purification and properties of a low-molecular-weight, high-alkaline pectate lyase from an alkaliphilic strain of Bacillus.

A low-molecular-weight, high-alkaline pectate lyase (pectate transeliminase, EC 4.2.2.2) was found in an alkaline culture of Bacillus sp. strain KSM-P15, purified to homogeneity, and crystallized. The enzyme had a relative molecular weight of approximately 20,300 as measured by sedimentation equilibrium, with a sedimentation coefficient (s20,w0) of 1.73 S. It was a basic protein with an isoelectric point of pH 10.3, and the alpha-helical content was only 6.6%. In the presence of Ca2+ ions, the enzyme degraded polygalacturonic acid in a random manner to yield 4,5-unsaturated oligo-galacturonides and had its optimal activity around pH 10.5 and 50-55 degrees C. It also had a protopectinase-like activity on cotton fibers. The N-terminal amino acid sequences of the intact protein (28 amino acids) and its two lysyl endopeptidase-cleaved peptide fragments (8 and 12 amino acids) had very low sequence similarity with pectate lyases reported to date. These results strongly suggest that the pectate lyase of Bacillus sp. strain KSM-P15 may be a novel enzyme and belongs in a new family.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1999

Retroviruses prepared from human DAF expressing murine packaging cells acquire resistance against human serum.

The complement system of the human body inactivates the infectious ability of retroviruses injected as an artificial gene transfer vector. We established new murine leukemia virus (MuLV) packaging cell lines; D2SS and D7S which express decay-accelerating factor (DAF) on their surface. Both D2SS and D7S were resistant against incubation with fresh human serum. Moreover, the retroviruses produced from these packaging cell lines were also resistant to serum treatment. This resistance can be inhibited by DAF neutralizing antibody 1C6. These data demostrate that DAF induces a partial protection of MuLV infection from the human complement system.

3T3 Cells↗